Ly is a digraph of the Latin alphabet, used in Hungarian.
Ly is the twentieth letter of the Hungarian alphabet. Its Hungarian name is elipszilon pronounced as //ɛlːipsilon//. Now, it can represent the same phoneme pronounced as //j// (palatal approximant) as the Hungarian letter j, but historically, it represented the different phoneme pronounced as //ʎ// (palatal lateral approximant).
It is used this way only in Hungarian. In Hungarian, even if two characters are put together to make a different sound, they are considered one letter, and even acronyms keep the letter intact.
The combination lj (considered two separate letters, L and J) is also common in Hungarian and is even pronounced pronounced as /[ʎ]/ by many speakers. However, even it is sometimes subject to the same reduction to pronounced as //j// that ly has been, mainly if it is at the end of a word.
Originally, the digraph letter ly was used to represent the palatal lateral pronounced as //ʎ//, just as the digraph letter ny is still used to represent the palatal nasal pronounced as //ɲ//. However, in the eastern dialects as well as in the standard dialect, the phoneme pronounced as //ʎ// lost its lateral feature and merged with pronounced as //j// (akin to Spanish yeísmo). The Hungarian letter ly came to be pronounced the same as the Hungarian letter j. In the western dialects, pronounced as //ʎ// lost its palatal feature and merged with pronounced as //l// (alveolar lateral approximant). In the northern dialects, the phoneme pronounced as //ʎ// has been preserved.[1]
The digraph ly was also used for the sound pronounced as //ʎ// in Croatian alphabet before Gaj's Latin Alphabet was introduced.[2]
These examples are Hungarian words that use the letter ly, with the English translation following:
