List of state leaders in the 16th century explained

Lists of state leaders by century

See also:

This is a list of state leaders in the 16th century (1501–1600) AD, except for the leaders within the Holy Roman Empire, and the leaders within South Asia.

These polities are generally sovereign states, but excludes minor dependent territories, whose leaders can be found listed under territorial governors in the 16th century. For completeness, these lists can include colonies, protectorates, or other dependent territories that have since gained sovereignty.

Africa

Africa: Central

Angola

Kilukeni dynasty

Kwilu dynasty

Colony, 1575–1951

For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe

Cameroon

Chad

Congo, Democratic Republic of the

Congo, Republic of the

São Tomé and Príncipe

Colony, 1470–1951

For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe

Africa: East

Great Lakes area

Burundi

Rwanda

South Sudan

Uganda

Horn of Africa area

Eritrea

Ethiopia

Solomonic dynasty (complete list) –

Tigre dynasty (complete list)[5] –

Somalia

Walashma dynasty (complete list) –

Madagascar

Africa: Northcentral

Ifriqiya

Africa: Northeast

Egypt

Burji dynasty (complete list) –

Sudan

Africa: Northwest

Morocco

Africa: South

Angola

as an independent state

Mozambique

Colony, 1498–1972

For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe

Zimbabwe

Africa: West

Benin

Burkina Faso

Cape Verde

Colony, 1462–1951

For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe

Ghana

Guinea-Bissau

Colony, 1474–1951

For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe

Mali

Keita dynasty (complete list) –

Askiya dynasty (complete list) –

Niger

Askiya dynasty (complete list) –

Nigeria

Senegal

Americas

Americas: North

Canada

French colony, 1535–1763

For details see France under western Europe

Mexico

Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire

Spanish Colony, 1521–1821

For details see Spain in southwest Europe

Americas: South

Brazil

Portuguese colony, 1500/1534–1808

For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe

Chile

Spanish Colony, 1541–1818

For details see Spain in southwest Europe

Colombia

Peru

Spanish Colony, 1542–1824

For details see Spain in southwest Europe

Asia

Asia: Central

Kazakhstan

Russia

Tajikistan

Tibet

Uzbekistan

Asia: East

China: Ming dynasty

Japan

Second Shō dynasty –

Tributary state of the Ming dynasty, 1429–1644

Korea

Mongolia

Asia: Southeast

Brunei

Cambodia

Indonesia

Indonesia: Java

Rajasa dynasty (complete list) –

Indonesia: Sumatra

Indonesia: Kalimantan (Borneo)

Indonesia: Sulawesi

Indonesia: Lesser Sunda Islands

Gelgel (complete list) –

Indonesia: Maluku Islands

Laos

Malaysia

Peninsular Malaysia

Jambi dynasty

Champa dynasty

Malacca dynasty (complete list) –

Malaysian Borneo

Myanmar / Burma

Toungoo dynasty (complete list) –

Philippines

Colony, 1565–1901

For details see Spain in southwest Europe

Thailand

Suphannaphum dynasty

Sukhothai dynasty

Mangrai dynasty

Burmese rule

Inland dynasty (complete list) –

Vietnam

Later Lê dynasty (complete list) –

Mạc dynasty (complete list) –

Revival Lê dynasty (complete list) –

Asia: South

See also: List of state leaders in 16th-century South Asia.

Asia: West

Iran

Oman

Turkey

Yemen

Europe

Europe: Balkans

Knights Hospitaller (complete list) –

Croatia

part of the Habsburg monarchy, also part of the Lands of the Hungarian Crown

House of Habsburg

Europe: British Isles

England and Ireland

Scotland

Ireland

Europe: Central

See also: List of state leaders in the 16th-century Holy Roman Empire.

Austria

Habsburg monarchs ruled under numerous simultaneous titles

Hungary

Poland

Kingdom of Poland (complete list) –

Europe: East

Grand Duchy of Lithuania (complete list) –

Europe: Nordic

Kalmar Union

Denmark–Norway

Sweden

Europe: Southcentral

Southern Italy

Malta

Europe: Southwest

Andorra

Navarre

Portugal

Spain

Crown of Castile and Crown of Aragon

Europe: West

France

Ancien Régime (complete list) –

Low Countries

For the preceding rulers, look under the List of state leaders in the 16th-century Holy Roman Empire

For the preceding rulers, see the County of Drenthe under the List of state leaders in the 16th-century Holy Roman Empire

For the preceding rulers, see the Lordship of Frisia under the List of state leaders in the 16th-century Holy Roman Empire

For the preceding rulers, see the Lordship of Groningen under the List of state leaders in the 16th-century Holy Roman Empire

For the preceding rulers, see the Duchy of Guelders under the List of state leaders in the 16th-century Holy Roman Empire

For the preceding rulers, look under the List of state leaders in the 16th-century Holy Roman Empire

For the preceding rulers, see the Lordship of Overijssel under the List of state leaders in the 16th-century Holy Roman Empire

Eurasia: Caucasus

Azerbaijan

Georgia

rule by the Kingdom of Kartli (1513–1520)

Russia: Dagestan

Oceania

Chile: Easter Island

Tonga

United States: Hawaii

See also

Notes and References

  1. Joyce (M.A.) & Torday (E.), Notes ethnographiques sur les peuples communément appelés Bakuba, ainsi que sur les peuplades apparentées, les Bushongo. Bruxelles 1910; page 17–19
  2. Information about pre-Oromo kings from Werner J. Lange, History of the Southern Gonga (Southwestern Ethiopia), (Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner, 1982), pp. 28–30.
  3. Werner J. Lange, History of the Southern Gonga (Southwestern Ethiopia) (Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner, 1982), p. 64.
  4. C.F. Beckingham and G.W.B. Huntingford, Some Records of Ethiopia, 1593–1646 (London: Hakluyt Society, 1954), p. lvi. Amnon Orent, "Refocusing on the History of Kafa prior to 1897: A Discussion of Political Processes" in African Historical Studies, Vol. 3, No. 2. (1970), p. 268.
  5. C.F. Beckingham and G.W.B. Huntingford, Some Records of Ethiopia, 1593–1646 (London: Hakluyt Society, 1954), pp. lxv – lxvii.
  6. Book: MacMichael, H. A. . A History of the Arabs in the Sudan and Some Account of the People Who Preceded Them and of the Tribes Inhabiting Dárfūr . https://archive.org/stream/ahistoryarabsin00macmgoog#page/n475/mode/1up . II . 1922 . Cambridge University Press . 264942362 . 431 . Appendix I: The Chronology of the Fung Kings.
  7. Book: Holt, Peter Malcolm . The Sudan of the Three Niles: The Funj Chronicle 910–1288 / 1504–1871 . https://books.google.com/books?id=nF1hWJQusxIC&pg=PA182 . Islamic History and Civilization, 26 . 1999 . BRILL . Leiden . 978-90-04-11256-8 . 182–186 . Genealogical Tables and King-Lists.
  8. Book: Ben-Amos . The Art of Benin Revised Edition. 1995 . 32.
  9. The Tarikh al-Sudan states that Askiya Nuh ruled for 7 years.
  10. Dates calculated on the basis of Lange, Diwan, 77-94; id., Kingdoms, 552.
  11. From now on dates follow Lange, Diwan, 80-94.
  12. Ba, Abdou Bouri, « Essai sur l’histoire du Saloum et du Rip » (avant-propos par Charles Becker et Victor Martin), Bulletin de l'IFAN, tome 38, série B, numéro 4, octobre 1976 Web site: Ba Abdou Bouri, Essai sur l'histoire du Saloum et du Rip . 2012-03-09 . dead . https://archive.today/20130415030835/http://www.histoire-ucad.org/archives/index.php/remository.html?func=fileinfo&id=36 . 2013-04-15 .
  13. Web site: Ahuítzotl, "El espinoso del agua" (1486–1502). Archeologia Mexicana. es . June 4, 2019. Ahuítzotl, "Thorny Water" (1486–1502).
  14. Web site: Juan Velázquez, 12th Aztec Emperor. Geni.com. February 11, 2015. June 4, 2019.
  15. Web site: Los gobernantes que siguieron a Moctezuma, Cuitláhuac y Cuahutémoc. El Bable. December 16, 2015. es. The governors of Mexico who followed Moctezuma, Cuitláhuac, and Cuauhtémoc. June 4, 2019.
  16. Web site: Cortes Meets Xicotencatl, Tlaxcala Chief. American Historical Association. June 5, 2019.
  17. Web site: Zapotecs (Mesoamerica). The History Files. June 4, 2019.
  18. Web site: COSIJOEZA Y COSIJOPÍ SICASIBI..REYES ZAPOTECAS!!!. Zapotecos del Mundo. April 24, 2011. June 7, 2019. es. Cosijoeza and Cosijoi Sicasibi... Zapoteca Kings!. Xhuncu. Istmeño Oaxaqueño.
  19. Web site: Tawantinsuyu / Emperors of the Incas. The History Files. June 4, 2019.
  20. L. Petech (1980), 'Ya-ts'e, Gu-ge, Pu-rang: A new study', The Central Asiatic Journal 24, pp. 85–111; R. Vitali (1996), The kingdoms of Gu.ge Pu.hrang. Dharamsala: Tho.ling gtsug.lag.khang.
  21. [Giuseppe Tucci]
  22. [Giuseppe Tucci]
  23. [Giuseppe Tucci]
  24. De Graaf & Pigeaud (1974), p. 156–68; Truhart (2003), p. 1235.
  25. Arifin (1995); De Graaf & Pigeaud (1974), p. 192–8.
  26. De Graaf & Pigeaud (1974), p. 179–84.
  27. Hall (1981), p. 972; Stokvis, Sultan (1888); Truhart (2003), p. 1228–9.
  28. Sutherland (1973–1974).
  29. Nagtegaal (1995); Werdisastra (1996).
  30. Coolhaas, W.Ph. (1923) "Kronijk van het rijk Batjan", Tijdschrift voor Indische Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 63.
  31. The pedigree and chronology of the sultans is only partly known; see Schurhammer, F. (1973–1982) Francis Xavier; His Life, His Times, Vol. I–IV. Rome: Jesuit Historical Institute; Jacobs, Hubert (1974–1984) Documenta Malucensia, Vol. I–III. Rome: Jesuit Historical Society; Fraassen, c.van (1987) Ternate, de Molukken en de Indonesische Archipel. Leiden: Leiden University (PhD Thesis).
  32. Katoppo, Elvianus (1957) Nuku, Sulthan Sadul Djehad Muhammad el Mabus Amirudin Sjah, Kaitjili Paparangan, Sulthan Tidore. Kilatmadju Bina Budhaja; Widjojo, Muridan (2009) The revolt of Prince Nuku: Cross-cultural alliance-making in Maluku, c.1780–1810. Leiden: Brill. The exact genealogy of the rulers before the mid-17th century is not known by the local historical tradition; for the known details, see Clercq, F.S.A. de (1890) Bijdragen tot de kennis der Residentie Ternate. Leiden: Brill.
  33. Book: de Aganduru Moriz, Rodrigo. Historia general de las Islas Occidentales a la Asia adyacentes, llamadas Philipinas. Colección de Documentos inéditos para la historia de España, v.78–79.. Impr. de Miguel Ginesta. 1882. Madrid.
  34. Markó 2000, p. 110.
  35. Barta 1994, pp. 252., 259-260.
  36. Szegedi 2009, p. 101.
  37. Markó 2000, pp. 99-100.
  38. Barta 1994, pp. 260., 264-265.
  39. Markó 2000, pp. 101-102.
  40. Barta 1994, pp. 263., 293-297.
  41. Markó 2000, pp. 97-98.
  42. Barta 1994, pp. 295-296.
  43. Barta 1994, p. 296.
  44. Markó 2000, pp. 112-113.
  45. Pop 2009, pp. 82-83.
  46. Barta 1994, p. 297.
  47. Book: Norwich, John J. . John Julius Norwich . A History of Venice . A History of Venice . . 1983 . 363 . 0140066233.

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "List of state leaders in the 16th century".

Except where otherwise indicated, Everything.Explained.Today is © Copyright 2009-2024, A B Cryer, All Rights Reserved. Cookie policy.