List of retired Pacific typhoon names explained

This is a list of all Pacific typhoons that have had their names retired from the international list of tropical cyclone names used in the Western Pacific Ocean. Since tropical cyclones started to be named in the basin after World War II a total of 77 typhoon names have been retired. Those typhoons that have their names retired tend to be exceptionally destructive storms. Several names were removed or altered naming list for various reasons other than retirement. Collectively, the typhoons with retired names have caused over $108 billion in damage ( USD), as well as over 12,000 deaths.

Background

See main article: Tropical cyclone naming, History of tropical cyclone naming and List of historic tropical cyclone names. The practice of using names to identify tropical cyclones goes back several centuries, with systems named after places, saints or things they hit before the formal start of naming in the Western Pacific.[1] These included the Kamikaze, 1906 Hong Kong typhoon, 1922 Shantou typhoon and the 1934 Muroto typhoon.[2]

The practice of retiring significant names was started during 1955 by the United States Weather Bureau in the Northern Atlantic basin, after hurricanes Carol, Edna, and Hazel struck the East Coast of the United States and caused a significant amount of damage in the previous year.[3] Initially the names were only designed to be retired for ten years after which they might be reintroduced; however, it was decided at the 1969 Interdepartmental hurricane conference, that any significant hurricane in the future would have its name permanently retired.[3] [4] The first tropical cyclone names to be retired in the Western Pacific were Lucille and Ophelia during 1960. Several names have been removed from the Pacific naming lists for various other reasons than causing a significant amount of death/destruction, which include being pronounced in a very similar way to other names and political reasons.

In 2000, the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) began naming tropical cyclones from a list of 140 names, submitted by 14 countries. Previously, the JMA labeled storms with numbers, but not names. The JMA has been the official warning agency of the western Pacific Ocean since 1981, though other organizations have also tracked typhoons. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) unofficially named tropical cyclones from 1947 to 1999.[5] During this time period, there were several pre-determined tropical cyclone lists, in which many names were removed and replaced with others.[6] The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) names tropical cyclones using a separate list, which is adjusted periodically.[7]

Between 1947 and 2000, eleven names of significant tropical cyclones were retired from the list of names used by the United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center.[8] During this time other names were removed from the naming lists, including in 1979 when the lists of names used were revised to include both male and female names.[8] [9] Tropical Storm Lucille was the first name to be retired for its impacts, while Ophelia was retired because of its long 5000miles track.[8]

At the 33rd session of the typhoon committee held in November 2000, the committee was informed that the India Meteorological Department had objected to the name Hanuman being used as a name because of potential religious sentiments.[10] Thailand also requested that the spelling of several names be corrected and indicated a desire to change the names Prapiroon, Durian and Khanun.[10] The representatives of the United States of America also requested that the name Kodo be changed as it would have an undesirable meaning if mispronounced.[10] The session subsequently accepted the spelling changes as well as the requests from Thailand and the United States and established that both countries would submit a list of four names in priority order to its Secretariat within a week of the session ending.[10] The Typhoon Committee Secretariat would then circulate the list to all members for comment, with the highest priority name acceptable to all members used.[10] The secretariat subsequently reported to the following years session that the names Morakot and Aere had replaced Hanuman and Kodo.[11]

Names retired in 1900s

NameReplacement
name		Dates activePeak
classification		Sustained wind
speeds (10-min)		PressureAreas
affected		Damage (USD)DeathsRefs
Not replaced bgcolor=#bgcolor=#bgcolor=#985abbr=onNaNabbr=on Philippines [12] [13] [14] [15]
Not replaced bgcolor=#bgcolor=#bgcolor=#925abbr=onNaNabbr=on Caroline Islands
Kim bgcolor=#bgcolor=#bgcolor=#894abbr=onNaNabbr=on Guam [16]
Bonnie bgcolor=#bgcolor=#bgcolor=#977abbr=onNaNabbr=on Philippines, China, Vietnam [17] [18]
Brenda bgcolor=#bgcolor=#125kn bgcolor=#900hPa Japan [19]
Ian bgcolor=#bgcolor=#90kn bgcolor=#950hPa Guam, Philippines, China
Ryan bgcolor=#bgcolor=#85kn bgcolor=#940hPa Micronesia, Philippines
Manny bgcolor=#bgcolor=#100kn bgcolor=#915hPa Micronesia, Philippines, China
Melissa bgcolor=#bgcolor=#100kn bgcolor=#925hPa Mariana Islands, Japan, South Korea
Teresa bgcolor=#bgcolor=#40kn bgcolor=#992hPa Philippines, Vietnam [20] [21] [22] [23]
Oscar bgcolor=#bgcolor=#100kn bgcolor=#920hPa Mariana Islands, Guam, Taiwan, China

Names retired in 2000s

NameReplacement
name		Dates activePeak
classification		Sustained wind
speeds (10-min)		PressureAreas
affected		Damage (USD)DeathsRefs
bgcolor=#bgcolor=#45kn bgcolor=#1006hPa Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia [24]
bgcolor=#bgcolor=#95kn bgcolor=#930hPa Chuuk, Guam, Japan [25] [26] [27]
bgcolor=#bgcolor=#80kn bgcolor=#950hPa Japan, Korean Peninsula [28]
bgcolor=#bgcolor=#90kn bgcolor=#940hPa Mariana Islands [29] [30]
bgcolor=#Tropical storm bgcolor=#35kn bgcolor=#1000hPa Mariana Islands
bgcolor=#bgcolor=#90kn bgcolor=#935hPa Philippines, China [31] [32] [33]
bgcolor=#bgcolor=#105kn bgcolor=#910hPa Korean Peninsula
bgcolor=#bgcolor=#90kn bgcolor=#940hPa Yap, Guam [34]
bgcolor=#bgcolor=#80kn bgcolor=#955hPa Mariana Islands, Japan
bgcolor=#bgcolor=#80kn bgcolor=#950hPa China, Japan [35] [36]
bgcolor=#bgcolor=#80kn bgcolor=#950hPa China, Taiwan [37] [38]
bgcolor=#bgcolor=#95kn bgcolor=#925hPa Mariana Islands, Japan, South Korea
bgcolor=#bgcolor=#95kn bgcolor=#930hPa Taiwan, China [39] [40] [41]
[42] [43] [44]
bgcolor=#bgcolor=#95kn bgcolor=#930hPa Philippines, Taiwan, China, Vietnam [45] [46]
bgcolor=#bgcolor=#60kn bgcolor=#970hPa Philippines, Taiwan, China [47] [48] [49]
bgcolor=#bgcolor=#105kn bgcolor=#925hPa Mariana Islands, Taiwan, China [50]
bgcolor=#bgcolor=#85kn bgcolor=#940hPa Philippines, Vietnam, Thailand [51] [52] [53] [54]
bgcolor=#bgcolor=#105kn bgcolor=#915hPa Philippines, Vietnam, Thailand > > [55] [56] [57] [58]
bgcolor=#bgcolor=#75kn bgcolor=#945hPa Taiwan, China, Korean Peninsula
bgcolor=#bgcolor=#70kn bgcolor=#960hPa Philippines, Vietnam, Laos
Cambodia, Thailand 		[59]
bgcolor=#bgcolor=#100kn bgcolor=#930hPa Philippines, China, Vietnam
21 names References:

Names retired in 2010s

NameReplacement
name		Dates activePeak
classification		Sustained wind
speeds (10-min)		PressureAreas
affected		Damage (USD)DeathsRefs
bgcolor=#bgcolor=#95kn bgcolor=#930hPa Taiwan, China [60] [61]
bgcolor=#Severe tropical storm bgcolor=#50kn bgcolor=#992hPa Micronesia, Palau, Philippines [62] [63]
bgcolor=#bgcolor=#80kn bgcolor=#950hPa Philippines, China
Vietnam, Laos, Myanmar 		[64]
bgcolor=#bgcolor=#100kn bgcolor=#930hPa Micronesia, Philippines [65]
bgcolor=#bgcolor=#50kn bgcolor=#990hPa Philippines, Vietnam, Malaysia Minimal [66] [67]
bgcolor=#bgcolor=#105kn bgcolor=#925hPa Philippines, China [68] [69]
Mun bgcolor=#bgcolor=#75kn bgcolor=#960hPa China, Taiwan, Japan
Bailu bgcolor=#bgcolor=#125kn bgcolor=#895hPa Palau, Philippines, Vietnam, China [70] [71]
bgcolor=#bgcolor=#90kn bgcolor=#935hPa Philippines, China, Vietnam [72] [73] [74]
bgcolor=#bgcolor=#115kn bgcolor=#900hPa Mariana Islands, Japan, Taiwan, China [75]
bgcolor=#bgcolor=#85kn bgcolor=#950hPa Philippines, China
bgcolor=#bgcolor=#100kn bgcolor=#925hPa Philippines
bgcolor=#bgcolor=#95knbgcolor=#935hPa Philippines
Nyatoh bgcolor=#bgcolor=#120kn bgcolor=#890hPa Philippines, Taiwan, China
Trases bgcolor=#bgcolor=#95knbgcolor=#935hPa Philippines, China, Vietnam
Mulan bgcolor=#bgcolor=#115kn bgcolor=#900hPa Philippines, Taiwan, China
bgcolor=#bgcolor=#105kn bgcolor=#915hPa Philippines
Yamaneko bgcolor=#bgcolor=#75kn bgcolor=#965hPa Philippines, Taiwan, China, Vietnam [76]
Yun-yeung bgcolor=#bgcolor=#40kn bgcolor=#994hPa Philippines, Malaysia [77]
Koinu bgcolor=#bgcolor=#70kn bgcolor=#970hPa Philippines, Malaysia, Vietnam [78]
Pulasan bgcolor=#bgcolor=#45kn bgcolor=#985hPa Japan, China [79]
Krathon bgcolor=#bgcolor=#110kn bgcolor=#905hPa Northern Mariana Islands, Philippines, Malaysia, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macau, China, Vietnam, Japan [80]
Yinxing bgcolor=#bgcolor=#115kn bgcolor=#900hPa Caroline Islands, Mariana Islands, Philippines, South China, Taiwan [81] [82] [83]
Co-may bgcolor=#bgcolor=#105kn bgcolor=#925hPa Caroline Islands, Philippines, Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, South Korea, China
Nongfa bgcolor=#bgcolor=#85kn bgcolor=#955hPa Japan, Wake Island
Ragasa bgcolor=#bgcolor=#105kn bgcolor=#915hPa Mariana Islands, Japan, South Korea, Russian Far East, Aleutian Islands, Alaska
Koto bgcolor=#bgcolor=#90kn bgcolor=#950hPa Caroline Islands, Mariana Islands, Philippines
Nokaen bgcolor=#bgcolor=#90kn bgcolor=#970hPa Caroline Islands, Philippines
28 names References:

Names retired in 2020s

NameReplacement
name		Dates activePeak
classification		Sustained wind
speeds (10-min)		PressureAreas
affected		Damage (USD)DeathsRefs
Penha bgcolor=#bgcolor=#85kn bgcolor=#960hPa Palau, Philippines, Taiwan $50 million 5
Peilou bgcolor=#40kn bgcolor=#994hPa Philippines, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Myanmar $217 million 138
Narra bgcolor=#bgcolor=#90kn bgcolor=#940hPa Philippines, Spratly Islands, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Thailand, Malaysia, Myanmar $660 million 71
Gaenari bgcolor=#bgcolor=#120kn bgcolor=#905hPa Philippines, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos $1.02 billion 32
Bang-Lang bgcolor=#bgcolor=#85kn bgcolor=#955hPa Philippines, Vietnam, Laos, Thailand $1.06 billion 102
Luc-binh bgcolor=#bgcolor=#50kn bgcolor=#992hPa Philippines, Hainan Island, Vietnam $36.1 million 22
Tokei bgcolor=#bgcolor=#55kn bgcolor=#975hPa Philippines, Hainan Island, Vietnam, Thailand $245 million 44
Sarbul bgcolor=#bgcolor=#105kn bgcolor=#915hPa Caroline Islands, Philippines, Vietnam, Indonesia, Spratly Islands, Hainan Island, Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan $1.05 billion 410
Gosari bgcolor=#bgcolor=#40kn bgcolor=#996hPa Philippines $200 million 214
Tsing-ma bgcolor=#bgcolor=#55kn bgcolor=#985hPa Philippines, Southern China, Northern Vietnam$46.2 million 7
Ong-mang bgcolor=#bgcolor=#105kn bgcolor=#920hPa Japan, Taiwan, Philippines, South Korea, Russian Far East $1.21 billion 12
Hodu bgcolor=#bgcolor=#95kn bgcolor=#940hPa Philippines, Vietnam, Laos, Thailand, Cambodia $110 million 40
Jamjari bgcolor=#bgcolor=#60kn bgcolor=#975hPa Philippines, Southern China, Hong Kong, Macau $237 million 160
TBD bgcolor=#bgcolor=#100kn bgcolor=#925hPa Palau, Philippines, Taiwan, China, Vietnam $28.4 billion 137
TBD bgcolor=#bgcolor=#105kn bgcolor=#920hPa Philippines, South China, Macau, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Northern Vietnam $673 million 3
TBD bgcolor=#bgcolor=#85kn bgcolor=#945hPa Northern Mariana Islands, Taiwan, Philippines, China, Hong Kong $2.31 billion 16
17 names References:

See also

Notes

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  3. Web site: [ftp://ftp.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/pub/dorst/Mahina.pptx They Called the Wind Mahina: The History of Naming Cyclones]. Dorst, Neal. Hurricane Research Division. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Slides 8–72. October 23, 2012. PPTX.
  4. News: It's time (June) to match for Anna.... The Daily Gleaner. June 1, 1969. Reuters. 2. Kingston, Jamaica.
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  8. Zhou, Xiao. Lei, Xiaotu. 2012. Summary of retired typhoons within the Western North Pacific Ocean. 1. 1. The Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific/World Meteorological Organization's Typhoon Committee. 2225-6032. Tropical Cyclone Research and Review. 23–32. December 21, 2014. 10.6057/2012TCRR01.03. https://web.archive.org/web/20170812172856/http://tcrr.typhoon.gov.cn/EN/article/downloadArticleFile.do?attachType=PDF&id=7. August 12, 2017. dead.
  9. Naval Oceanography Command Center . Joint Typhoon Warning Center . March 4, 2016 . Annual Typhoon Report: 1979 . 10 . http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/atcr/1979atcr.pdf . live . Chapter III: Summary of Tropical Cyclones . https://web.archive.org/web/20160304064052/http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/atcr/1979atcr.pdf .
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