List of regencies and cities in Indonesia explained

Regencies and cities (kota) are the second-level administrative subdivision in Indonesia, immediately below the provinces, and above the districts. Regencies are roughly equivalent to American counties, although most cities in the United States are below the counties.^[1] Following the implementation of decentralization beginning on 1 January 2001, regencies and city municipalities became the key administrative units responsible for providing most governmental services. Each of regencies and cities has their own local government and legislative body.

The difference between a regency and a city lies in demography, size, and economy. Generally, a regency comprises a rural area larger than a city, but also often includes various towns. A city usually has non-agricultural economic activities. A regency is headed by a regent (bupati), while a city is headed by a mayor (wali kota). All regents, mayors, and members of legislatures are directly elected via elections to serve for a five-year term which can be renewed once. Each regency or city is divided further into districts more commonly known as kecamatan (except in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, where kapanewon and kemantren are used, and Western New Guinea (Papua), where distrik is used).

An administrative city (kota administrasi) or an administrative regency is a subdivision of province without its own local legislatures (Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah). The leader of administrative city or administrative regency is directly appointed by the governor. This type of city and regency in Indonesia is only found in Jakarta which consisted of five administrative cities and one administrative regency.

, there were 514-second-level administrative divisions (416 regencies and 98 cities) in Indonesia.^[2] The list below groups regencies and cities in Indonesia by provinces. Each regency has an administrative centre, the regency seat.^[3]

List of regencies and cities by province

Sumatra

Aceh

See main article: List of regencies and cities in Aceh.

No	Regency	Capital	HDI (2023)^[4]
1		Tapaktuan	0.684 (Medium)
2		Kutacane	0.710 (High)
3		Idi Rayeuk	0.693 (Medium)
4		Takengon	0.746 (High)
5		Meulaboh	0.728 (High)
6		Jantho	0.745 (High)
7		Sigli	0.716 (High)
8		Lhoksukon	0.708 (High)
9		Sinabang	0.680 (Medium)
10		Singkil	0.701 (High)
11		Bireuën	0.736 (High)
12		Blangpidie	0.680 (Medium)
13		Blangkejeren	0.689 (Medium)
14		Calang	0.708 (High)
15		Suka Makmue	0.707 (High)
16		Karang Baru	0.713 (High)
17		Simpang Tiga Redelong	0.744 (High)
18		Meureudu	0.748 (High)
No	City		HDI (2023)
1			0.866 (Very High)
2	Sabang		0.775 (High)
3			0.789 (High)
4			0.783 (High)
5			0.671 (Medium)

North Sumatra

See main article: List of regencies and cities in North Sumatra.

No	Regency	Capital	HDI (2023)
1		Kisaran	0.715 (High)
2		Limapuluh	0.703 (High)
3	Central Tapanuli	Pandan	0.709 (High)
4		Sidikalang	0.732 (High)
5		Lubuk Pakam	0.765 (High)
6		Dolok Sanggul	0.707 (High)
7		Kabanjahe	0.759 (High)
8		Rantau Prapat	0.736 (High)
9		Stabat	0.722 (High)
10		Panyabungan	0.685 (Medium)
11		Gido	0.645 (Medium)
12		Aek Kanopan	0.736 (High)
13		Lotu	0.646 (Medium)
14		Gunung Tua	0.716 (High)
15		Tarutung	0.746 (High)
16		Sibuhuan	0.703 (High)
17		Salak	0.695 (Medium)
18		Pangururan	0.720 (High)
19		Sei Rampah	0.717 (High)
20		Raya	0.742 (High)
21		Kota Pinang	0.728 (High)
22		Teluk Dalam	0.641 (Medium)
23		Sipirok	0.715 (High)
24		Balige	0.763 (High)
25		Lahomi	0.637 (Medium)
No	City		HDI (2023)
1			0.776 (High)
2			0.706 (High)
3			0.821 (Very High)
4			0.764 (High)
5			0.804 (Very High)
6			0.752 (High)
7			0.705 (High)
8			0.769 (High)

West Sumatra

See main article: List of regencies and cities in West Sumatra.

No	Regency	Capital	HDI (2023)
1		Lubuk Basung	0.739 (High)
2		Pulau Punjung	0.730 (High)
3		Sari Lamak	0.707 (High)
4		Tuapejat	0.631 (Medium)
5		Parit Malintang	0.726 (High)
6		Lubuk Sikaping	0.681 (Medium)
7		Muaro Sijunjung	0.696 (Medium)
8		Arosuka	0.706 (High)
9		Painan	0.714 (High)
10		Padang Aro	0.705 (High)
11		Batusangkar	0.739 (High)
12		Simpang Ampek	0.701 (High)
No	City		HDI (2023)
1			0.817 (Very High)
2			0.835 (Very High)
3			0.792 (High)
4			0.781 (High)
5			0.799 (High)
6			0.744 (High)
7			0.795 (High)

Jambi

See main article: List of regencies and cities in Jambi.

No	Regency	Capital	HDI (2023)
1		Muara Bulian	0.710 (High)
2		Muara Bungo	0.710 (High)
3		Muara Sabak	0.666 (Medium)
4		Siulak	0.725 (High)
5		Bangko	0.708 (High)
6		Sengeti	0.710 (High)
7		Sarolangun	0.712 (High)
8		Muara Tebo	0.706 (High)
9		Kuala Tungkal	0.693 (Medium)
No	City		HDI (2023)
1			0.801 (Very High)
2			0.766 (High)

Riau

See main article: List of regencies and cities in Riau.

No	Regency	Capital	HDI (2023)
1		Bengkalis	0.749 (High)
2		Tembilahan	0.679 (Medium)
3		Rengat	0.710 (High)
4		Bangkinang	0.742 (High)
5		Teluk Kuantan	0.716 (High)
6		Selat Panjang	0.672 (Medium)
7		Pangkalan Kerinci	0.735 (High)
8		Pasir Pangaraian	0.710 (High)
9		Bagansiapiapi	0.707 (High)
10		Siak Sri Indrapura	0.749 (High)
No	City		HDI (2023)
1			0.756 (High)
2			0.823 (Very High)

Bengkulu

See main article: List of regencies and cities in Bengkulu.

No	Regency	Capital	HDI (2023)
1		Karang Tinggi	0.689 (Medium)
2		Bintuhan	0.683 (Medium)
3		Kepahiang	0.696 (Medium)
4		Muara Aman	0.687 (Medium)
5		Mukomuko	0.699 (Medium)
6		Arga Makmur	0.702 (High)
7		Curup	0.723 (High)
8		Pasar Tais	0.682 (Medium)
9		Manna	0.719 (High)
No	City		HDI (2023)
1			0.814 (Very High)

South Sumatra

See main article: List of regencies and cities in South Sumatra.

No	Regency	Capital	HDI (2023)
1		Pangkalan Balai	0.686 (Medium)
2		Martapura	0.709 (High)
3		Tebing Tinggi	0.666 (Medium)
4		Lahat	0.691 (Medium)
5		Muara Enim	0.702 (High)
6		Sekayu	0.691 (Medium)
7		Muara Beliti	0.682 (Medium)
8		Rupit	0.666 (Medium)
9		Indralaya	0.687 (Medium)
10		Kayuagung	0.686 (Medium)
11		Baturaja	0.710 (High)
12		Talang Ubi	0.666 (Medium)
13		Muaradua	0.666 (Medium)
No	City		HDI (2023)
1			0.761 (High)
2			0.704 (High)
3			0.800 (Very High)
4			0.764 (High)

Lampung

See main article: List of regencies and cities in Lampung.

No	Regency	Capital	HDI (2023)
1		Gunung Sugih	0.716 (High)
2		Sukadana	0.712 (High)
3		Mesuji	0.656 (Medium)
4		Kotabumi	0.689 (Medium)
5		Gedong Tataan	0.676 (Medium)
6		Pringsewu	0.716 (High)
7		Kalianda	0.696 (Medium)
8		Kota Agung Pusat	0.678 (Medium)
9		Menggala	0.700 (High)
10		Blambangan Umpu	0.686 (Medium)
11		Liwa	0.691 (Medium)
12		Krui	0.660 (Medium)
13		Panaragan Jaya	0.678 (Medium)
No	City		HDI (2023)
1			0.785 (High)
2			0.783 (High)

Bangka Belitung Islands

See main article: List of regencies and cities in Bangka Belitung Islands.

No	Regency	Capital	HDI (2023)
1		Sungailiat	0.736 (High)
2		Tanjung Pandan	0.740 (High)
3		Toboali	0.685 (Medium)
4		Koba	0.717 (High)
5		Muntok	0.704 (High)
6		Manggar	0.728 (High)
No	City		HDI (2023)
1			0.799 (High)

Riau Islands

See main article: List of regencies and cities in Riau Islands.

No	Regency	Capital	HDI (2023)
1		Tarempa	0.702 (High)
2		Bandar Seri Bentan	0.757 (High)
3		Tanjung Balai Karimun	0.735 (High)
4		Daik	0.674 (Medium)
5		Ranai	0.742 (High)
No	City		HDI (2023)
1			0.821 (Very High)
2			0.802 (Very High)

Java

Special Capital Region of Jakarta

See main article: List of regencies and cities in Jakarta.

No	Administrative regency	Government	HDI (2023)
1		Pramuka Island	0.733 (High)
No	Administrative city		HDI (2023)
1		Menteng	0.825 (Very High)
2		Jatinegara	0.841 (Very High)
3		Koja	0.811 (Very High)
4		Kebayoran Baru	0.860 (Very High)
5		Kembangan	0.830 (Very High)

Banten

See main article: List of regencies and cities in Banten.

No	Regency	Capital	HDI (2023)
1		Rangkasbitung	0.652 (Medium)
2		Pandeglang	0.664 (Medium)
3		Ciruas	0.683 (Medium)
4		Tigaraksa	0.734 (High)
No	City		HDI (2023)
1			0.745 (High)
2			0.734 (High)
3			0.822 (Very High)
4			0.794 (High)

West Java

See main article: List of regencies and cities in West Java.

No	Regency	Capital	HDI (2023)
1		Soreang	0.737 (High)
2		Cikarang	0.757 (High)
3		Cibinong	0.717 (High)
4		Ciamis	0.720 (High)
5		Cianjur	0.665 (Medium)
6		Sumber	0.709 (High)
7		South Tarogong	0.681 (Medium)
8		Indramayu	0.692 (Medium)
9		Karawang	0.723 (High)
10		Kuningan	0.707 (High)
11		Majalengka	0.691 (Medium)
12		Parigi	0.693 (Medium)
13		Purwakarta	0.720 (High)
14		Subang	0.707 (High)
15		Pelabuhan Ratu	0.684 (Medium)
16		Sumedang	0.731 (High)
17		Singaparna	0.677 (Medium)
18		Ngamprah	0.696 (Medium)
No	City		HDI (2023)
1			0.830 (Very High)
2			0.730 (High)
3			0.830 (Very High)
4			0.778 (High)
5			0.794 (High)
6			0.764 (High)
7			0.823 (Very High)
8			0.763 (High)
9			0.744 (High)

Central Java

See main article: List of Central Java regencies and cities.

No	Regency	Capital	HDI (2023)
1		Banjarnegara	0.691 (Medium)
2		Purwokerto	0.738 (High)
3		Batang	0.702 (High)
4		Blora	0.706 (High)
5		Boyolali	0.754 (High)
6		Brebes	0.679 (Medium)
7		Cilacap	0.718 (High)
8		Demak	0.740 (High)
9		Purwodadi	0.714 (High)
10		Jepara	0.738 (High)
11		Karanganyar	0.773 (High)
12		Kebumen	0.713 (High)
13		Kendal	0.738 (High)
14		Klaten	0.775 (High)
15		Kudus	0.767 (High)
16		Mungkid	0.714 (High)
17		Pati	0.735 (High)
18		Kajen	0.714 (High)
19		Pemalang	0.680 (Medium)
20		Purbalingga	0.702 (High)
21		Purworejo	0.742 (High)
22		Rembang	0.718 (High)
23		Ungaran	0.751 (High)
24		Sragen	0.751 (High)
25		Sukoharjo	0.786 (High)
26		Slawi	0.702 (High)
27		Temanggung	0.713 (High)
28		Wonogiri	0.719 (High)
29		Wonosobo	0.693 (Medium)
No	City		HDI (2023)
1			0.811 (Very High)
2			0.767 (High)
3			0.849 (Very High)
4			0.844 (Very High)
5			0.835 (Very High)
6			0.770 (High)

East Java

No	Regency	Capital	HDI (2023)
1		Bangkalan	0.657 (Medium)
2		Banyuwangi	0.726 (High)
3		Kanigoro	0.724 (High)
4		Bojonegoro	0.708 (High)
5		Bondowoso	0.679 (Medium)
6		Gresik	0.779 (High)
7		Jember	0.686 (Medium)
8		Jombang	0.746 (High)
9		Ngasem	0.739 (High)
10		Lamongan	0.745 (High)
11		Lumajang	0.678 (Medium)
12		Caruban	0.729 (High)
13		Magetan	0.754 (High)
14		Kepanjen	0.721 (High)
15		Mojosari	0.755 (High)
16		Nganjuk	0.737 (High)
17		Ngawi	0.724 (High)
18		Pacitan	0.701 (High)
19		Pamekasan	0.679 (Medium)
20		Bangil	0.702 (High)
21		Ponorogo	0.725 (High)
22		Kraksaan	0.677 (Medium)
23		Sampang	0.641 (Medium)
24		Sidoarjo	0.815 (Very High)
25		Situbondo	0.691 (Medium)
26		Sumenep	0.686 (Medium)
27		Trenggalek	0.717 (High)
28		Tuban	0.703 (High)
29		Tulungagung	0.746 (High)
No	City		HDI (2023)
1			0.781 (High)
2			0.806 (Very High)
3			0.804 (Very High)
4			0.827 (Very High)
5			0.833 (Very High)
6			0.800 (Very High)
7			0.771 (High)
8			0.754 (High)
9			0.834 (Very High)

Special Region of Yogyakarta

No	Regency	Capital	HDI (2023)
1		Bantul	0.813 (Very High)
2		Wonosari	0.712 (High)
3		Wates	0.757 (High)
4		Sleman	0.847 (Very High)
No	City		HDI (2023)
1			0.882 (Very High)

Lesser Sunda Islands

Bali

See main article: List of regencies and cities in Bali.

No	Regency	Capital	HDI (2023)
1		Mangupura	0.830 (Very High)
2		Bangli	0.707 (High)
3		Singaraja	0.739 (High)
4		Gianyar	0.792 (High)
5		Negara	0.740 (High)
6		Amlapura	0.689 (Medium)
7		Semarapura	0.731 (High)
8		Tabanan	0.774 (High)
No	City		HDI (2023)
1			0.847 (Very High)

West Nusa Tenggara

No	Regency	Capital	HDI (2023)
1		Woha	0.682 (Medium)
2		Praya	0.684 (Medium)
3		Dompu	0.699 (Medium)
4		Selong	0.684 (Medium)
5		Tanjung	0.666 (Medium)
6		Sumbawa Besar	0.698 (Medium)
7		Gerung	0.701 (High)
8		Taliwang	0.731 (High)
No	City		HDI (2023)
1			0.773 (High)
2			0.800 (Very High)

East Nusa Tenggara

No	Regency	Capital	HDI (2023)
1		Kalabahi	0.629 (Medium)
2		Atambua	0.638 (Medium)
3		Waibakul	0.634 (Medium)
4		Larantuka	0.657 (Medium)
5		Borong	0.632 (Medium)
6		Waingapu	0.670 (Medium)
7		Ende	0.686 (Medium)
8		Oelamasi	0.658 (Medium)
9		Lewoleba	0.661 (Medium)
10		Betun	0.620 (Medium)
11		Ruteng	0.664 (Medium)
12		Mbay	0.670 (Medium)
13		Bajawa	0.691 (Medium)
14		Kefamenanu	0.651 (Medium)
15		Baa	0.640 (Medium)
16		West Savu	0.588 (Medium)
17		Maumere	0.668 (Medium)
18		Soe	0.635 (Medium)
19		Tambolaka	0.637 (Medium)
20		Labuan Bajo	0.658 (Medium)
21		Waikabubak	0.652 (Medium)
No	City		HDI (2022)
1			0.806 (Very High)

Kalimantan

West Kalimantan

No	Regency	Capital	HDI (2023)
1		Bengkayang	0.695 (Medium)
2		Putussibau	0.676 (Medium)
3		Sukadana	0.647 (Medium)
4		Ketapang	0.686 (Medium)
5		Sungai Raya	0.696 (Medium)
6		Ngabang	0.681 (Medium)
7		Nanga Pinoh	0.677 (Medium)
8		Mempawah	0.679 (Medium)
9		Sambas	0.686 (Medium)
10		Sanggau	0.677 (Medium)
11		Sekadau	0.663 (Medium)
12		Sintang	0.686 (Medium)
No	City		HDI (2023)
1			0.810 (Very High)
2			0.733 (High)

South Kalimantan

No	Regency	Capital	HDI (2023)
1		Paringin	0.704 (High)
2		Martapura	0.714 (High)
3		Marabahan	0.681 (Medium)
4		Barabai	0.701 (High)
5		Kotabaru	0.701 (High)
6		Amuntai	0.676 (Medium)
7		Kandangan	0.705 (High)
8		Tanjung	0.738 (High)
9		Pelaihari	0.709 (High)
10		Batulicin	0.723 (High)
11		Rantau	0.720 (High)
No	City		HDI (2023)
1			0.801 (Very High)
2			0.785 (High)

Central Kalimantan

See main article: List of regencies and cities in Central Kalimantan.

No	Regency	Capital	HDI (2023)
1		Tamiang Layang	0.727 (High)
2		Sampit	0.722 (High)
3		Kuala Kurun	0.720 (High)
4		Kuala Kapuas	0.707 (High)
5		Kasongan	0.702 (High)
6		Nanga Bulik	0.718 (High)
7		Puruk Cahu	0.694 (Medium)
8		Muara Teweh	0.718 (High)
9		Pulang Pisau	0.696 (Medium)
10		Sukamara	0.694 (Medium)
11		Kuala Pembuang	0.686 (Medium)
12		Buntok	0.716 (High)
13		Pangkalan Bun	0.740 (High)
No	City		HDI (2023)
1			0.816 (Very High)

East Kalimantan

No	Regency	Capital	HDI (2023)
1		Tanjung Redeb	0.762 (High)
2		Sangatta	0.749 (High)
3		Tenggarong	0.753 (High)
4		Ujoh Bilang	0.695 (Medium)
5		Tana Paser	0.741 (High)
6		Penajam	0.733 (High)
7		Sendawar	0.737 (High)
No	City		HDI (2023)
1			0.816 (Very High)
2			0.815 (Very High)
3			0.823 (Very High)

North Kalimantan

No	Regency	Capital	HDI (2023)
1		Tanjung Selor	0.727 (High)
2		Malinau	0.731 (High)
3		Nunukan	0.677 (Medium)
4		Tideng Pale	0.692 (Medium)
No	City		HDI (2023)
1			0.775 (High)

Sulawesi

Gorontalo

No	Regency		HDI (2023)
1		Tilamuta	0.681 (Medium)
2		Suwawa	0.715 (High)
3		Limboto	0.690 (Medium)
4		Kwandang	0.666 (Medium)
5		Marisa	0.671 (Medium)
No	City		HDI (2023)
1			0.786 (High)

South Sulawesi

No	Regency	Capital	HDI (2023)
1		Bantaeng	0.705 (High)
2		Barru	0.723 (High)
3		Watampone	0.678 (Medium)
4		Bulukumba	0.712 (High)
5		Malili	0.743 (High)
6		Enrekang	0.738 (High)
7		Sungguminasa	0.715 (High)
8		Bontosunggu	0.659 (Medium)
9		Belopa	0.721 (High)
10		Masamba	0.713 (High)
11		Rantepao	0.712 (High)
12		Maros	0.716 (High)
13		Pangkajane	0.705 (High)
14		Pinrang	0.728 (High)
15		Benteng	0.692 (Medium)
16		Sinjai	0.689 (Medium)
17		Pangkajene Sidenreng	0.727 (High)
18		Watansoppeng	0.705 (High)
19		Pattallassang	0.689 (Medium)
20		Makale	0.707 (High)
21		Sengkang	0.711 (High)
No	City
1			0.835 (Very High)
2			0.794 (High)
3			0.790 (High)

West Sulawesi

No	Regency	Capital	HDI (2023)
1.		Tobadak	0.674 (Medium)
2.		Majene	0.686 (Medium)
3.		Mamasa	0.678 (Medium)
4.		Mamuju	0.696 (Medium)
5.		Pasangkayu	0.691 (Medium)
6.		Polewali	0.655 (Medium)

Southeast Sulawesi

No	Regency	Capital	HDI (2023)
1		Rumbia	0.674 (Medium)
2		Pasarwajo	0.681 (Medium)
3		Labungkari	0.658 (Medium)
4		Tirawuta	0.695 (Medium)
5		Kolaka	0.747 (High)
6		Unaaha	0.727 (High)
7		Langara	0.673 (Medium)
8		Raha	0.701 (High)
9		Buranga	0.697 (Medium)
10		Lasusua	0.710 (High)
11		Asera	0.717 (High)
12		Batauga	0.661 (Medium)
13		Andoolo	0.703 (High)
14		Wangiwangi	0.714 (High)
15		Laworo	0.671 (Medium)
No	City		HDI (2023)
1			0.775 (High)
2			0.848 (Very High)

Central Sulawesi

No	Regency	Capital	HDI (2023)
1		Luwuk	0.717 (High)
2		Salakan	0.668 (Medium)
3		Banggai	0.669 (Medium)
4		Buol	0.695 (Medium)
5		Banawa	0.669 (Medium)
6		Bungku	0.730 (High)
7		Kolonodale	0.697 (Medium)
8		Parigi	0.671 (Medium)
9		Poso	0.724 (High)
10		Sigi Biromaru	0.699 (Medium)
11		Ampana	0.663 (Medium)
12		Tolitoli	0.676 (Medium)
No	City		HDI (2023)
1			0.825 (Very High)

North Sulawesi

No	Regency	Capital	HDI (2023)
1		Lolak	0.696 (Medium)
2		Tutuyan	0.679 (Medium)
3		Tondano	0.769 (High)
4		Boroko	0.686 (Medium)
5		Airmadidi	0.753 (High)
6		Tahuna	0.722 (High)
7		Ondong	0.695 (Medium)
8		Molibagu	0.664 (Medium)
9		Amurang	0.736 (High)
10		Ratahan	0.719 (High)
11		Melonguane	0.711 (High)
No	City		HDI (2023)
1			0.751 (High)
2			0.744 (High)
3			0.801 (Very High)
4			0.781 (High)

Maluku Islands

Maluku

No	Regency	Capital	HDI (2023)
1		Dobo	0.650 (Medium)
2		Namlea	0.705 (High)
3		Masohi	0.724 (High)
4		Bula	0.658 (Medium)
5		Namrole	0.662 (Medium)
6		Langgur	0.675 (Medium)
7		Tiakur	0.639 (Medium)
8		Saumlaki	0.641 (Medium)
9		Piru	0.675 (Medium)
No	City		HDI (2023)
1			0.820 (Very High)
2			0.694 (Medium)

North Maluku

No	Regency	Capital	HDI (2023)
1		Weda	0.674 (Medium)
2		Maba	0.688 (Medium)
3		Daruba	0.647 (Medium)
4		Tobelo	0.690 (Medium)
5		Labuha	0.658 (Medium)
6		Sanana	0.652 (Medium)
7		Bobong	0.623 (Medium)
8		Jailolo	0.669 (Medium)
No	City		HDI (2023)
1			0.813 (Very High)
2	Tidore		0.724 (High)

Western New Guinea

West Papua

No	Regency	Capital	HDI (2023)
1		Fakfak	0.697 (Medium)
2		Kaimana	0.667 (Medium)
3		Manokwari	0.732 (High)
4	Arfak Mountains	Anggi	0.578 (Medium)
5		Ransiki	0.615 (Medium)
6		Bintuni	0.660 (Medium)
7		Rasiei	0.616 (Medium)

Papua

No	Regency	Capital	HDI (2023)
1		Biak	0.734 (High)
2		Sentani	0.735 (High)
3		Waris	0.680 (Medium)
4		Burmeso	0.540 (Low)
5		Sarmi	0.658 (Medium)
6		Sorendiweri	0.646 (Medium)
7		Botawa	0.664 (Medium)
8		Serui	0.691 (Medium)
No	City		HDI (2022)
1			0.811 (Very High)

Highland Papua

No	Regency	Capital	HDI (2023)
1		Kobakma	0.502 (Low)
2		Wamena	0.605 (Medium)
3		Tiom	0.505 (Low)
4		Kenyam	0.351 (Low)
5		Oksibil	0.481 (Low)
6		Karubaga	0.514 (Low)
7		Dekai	0.511 (Low)
8		Elelim	0.508 (Low)

Central Papua

No	Regency	Capital	HDI (2023)
1		Waghete	0.511 (Low)
2		Kigamani	0.567 (Medium)
3		Sugapa	0.501 (Low)
4		Timika	0.759 (High)
5		Nabire	0.708 (High)
6		Enarotali	0.579 (Medium)
7		Ilaga	0.445 (Low)
8		Mulia	0.508 (Low)

South Papua

No	Regency	Capital	HDI (2023)
1		Agats	0.531 (Low)
2		Tanah Merah	0.634 (Medium)
3		Kepi	0.605 (Medium)
4		Merauke	0.721 (High)

Southwest Papua

No	Regency	Capital	HDI (2023)
1		Kumurkek	0.612 (Medium)
2		Waisai	0.652 (Medium)
3		Aimas	0.674 (Medium)
4		Teminabuan	0.639 (Medium)
5		Fef	0.555 (Medium)
No	City		HDI (2023)
1			0.796 (High)

Superlatives

Superlatives of cities can be found at Indonesian Wikipedia articles Daftar kota di Indonesia menurut jumlah penduduk and Daftar kota di Indonesia menurut luas wilayah. Although the least populated regency in Indonesia according to various sources is said to be Tana Tidung Regency in North Kalimantan,^[5] Supiori Regency in Papua is included here instead because it has a smaller population of about 23 thousand people compared to 28 thousand people of Tana Tidung Regency.

	Regencies	Province		Cities	Province
Largest by area		South Papua			Central Kalimantan
Smallest by area		Jakarta		Sibolga^[6]	North Sumatra
Largest by population	Bogor Regency^[7]	West Java			Jakarta
Smallest by population	Supiori Regency^[8]	Papua			Aceh

Subdivision splits

Following the Regional Autonomy Act (Indonesian: Undang-Undang Otonomi Daerah) of 1999, many regencies have been split to create additional regencies and cities, the number of such divisions were thus increased to 514. However, these territorial splits can sometimes lead into corruption cases.^[9] As of early 2024, further proposals for territorial splits are still under a moratorium.^[10]

The latest new regencies split from existing regencies were South Buton Regency, Central Buton Regency and West Muna Regency in July 2014, while the latest cities were South Tangerang and Gunungsitoli in October 2008. There are no cities which have been split into other subdivisions, although the administrative regency of Thousand Islands was split from North Jakarta administrative city in 2001. Despite the name of South Tangerang being similar to that of Tangerang city, South Tangerang was actually split from Tangerang Regency.

In two special cases, all subdivisions of North Maluku and Riau Islands were made from parts of the defunct North Maluku Regency and Riau Islands Regency, respectively. All subdivisions of North Kalimantan are also made from lands of Bulungan Regency, but its area was split to several regencies before the province was established. Central Java (since 1965) and the Special Region of Yogyakarta (apart from the separation of the Thousand Islands Administrative Regency from North Jakarta City) are the only province-level areas which have not had any subdivision splits. Listed below are the subdivision splits from 1999 to the most recent ones in 2014; for pre-1999 splits see also main article in Indonesian Wikipedia.

2014

Southeast Sulawesi

• South Buton Regency from Buton Regency (23 July 2014)
• Central Buton Regency from Buton Regency (23 July 2014)
• West Muna Regency from Muna Regency (23 July 2014)

2013

South Sumatra

• North Musi Rawas Regency from Musi Rawas Regency (10 June 2013)

Central Sulawesi

• North Morowali Regency from Morowali Regency (12 April 2013)

Southeast Sulawesi

• Konawe Islands Regency from Konawe Regency (12 April 2013)

2012

South Sumatra

• Penukal Abab Lematang Ilir Regency from Muara Enim Regency (14 December 2012)

East Nusa Tenggara

• Malaka Regency from Belu Regency (14 December 2012)

East Kalimantan

• Mahakam Ulu Regency from West Kutai Regency (14 December 2012)

Central Sulawesi

• Banggai Laut Regency from Banggai Islands Regency (14 December 2012)

West Sulawesi

• Central Mamuju Regency from Mamuju Regency (14 December 2012)

Southeast Sulawesi

• East Kolaka Regency from Kolaka Regency (14 December 2012)

North Maluku

• Taliabu Island Regency from Sula Islands Regency (14 December 2012)

Lampung

• Pesisir Barat Regency from West Lampung Regency (25 October 2012)

West Java

• Pangandaran Regency from Ciamis Regency (25 October 2012)

West Papua

• South Manokwari Regency and Arfak Mountains Regency from Manokwari Regency (25 October 2012)

2008

North Sumatra

• Gunungsitoli city from Nias Regency (29 October 2008)
• North Nias Regency from Nias Regency (29 October 2008)
• West Nias Regency from Nias Regency (29 October 2008)
• North Labuhan Batu Regency from Labuhan Batu Regency (24 June 2008)
• South Labuhan Batu Regency from Labuhan Batu Regency (24 June 2008)

Jambi

• Sungai Penuh from Kerinci Regency (24 June 2008)

Riau

• Meranti Islands Regency from Bengkalis Regency (19 December 2008)

Bengkulu

• Central Bengkulu Regency from North Bengkulu Regency (24 June 2008)

Lampung

• Mesuji Regency from Tulang Bawang Regency (29 October 2008)
• West Tulang Bawang Regency from Tulang Bawang Regency (29 October 2008)
• Pringsewu Regency from Tanggamus Regency (29 October 2008)

Riau Islands

• Anambas Islands Regency from Natuna Regency (24 June 2008)

Banten

• South Tangerang city from Tangerang Regency (29 October 2008)

West Nusa Tenggara

• North Lombok Regency from West Lombok Regency (24 June 2008)

East Nusa Tenggara

• Sabu Raijua Regency from Kupang Regency (29 October 2008)

North Sulawesi

• East Bolaang Mongondow Regency from Bolaang Mongondow Regency (24 June 2008)
• South Bolaang Mongondow Regency from Bolaang Mongondow Regency (24 June 2008)

Central Sulawesi

• Sigi Regency from Donggala Regency (24 June 2008)

South Sulawesi

• North Toraja Regency from Tana Toraja Regency (24 June 2008)

Maluku

• South Buru Regency from Buru Regency (24 June 2008)
• Southwest Maluku Regency from Western Southeast Maluku Regency (Tanimbar Islands Regency) (24 June 2008)

North Maluku

• Morotai Island Regency from North Halmahera Regency (29 October 2008)

West Papua

• Tambrauw Regency from Sorong Regency, South Sorong Regency and Manokwari Regency (29 October 2008)
• Maybrat Regency from Sorong Regency (19 December 2008)

Papua

• Lanny Jaya Regency, Central Mamberamo Regency, Nduga Regency and Yalimo Regency from Jayawijaya Regency (4 January 2008)
• Puncak Regency from Puncak Jaya Regency (4 January 2008)
• Dogiyai Regency from Nabire Regency (4 January 2008)
• Deiyai Regency and Intan Jaya Regency from Paniai Regency (29 October 2008)

2007

Aceh

• Subulussalam from Aceh Singkil Regency (2 January 2007)
• Pidie Jaya Regency from Pidie Regency (2 January 2007)

North Sumatra

• Batubara Regency from Asahan Regency (2 January 2007)
• Padang Lawas Regency and North Padang Lawas Regency from South Tapanuli Regency (17 July 2007)

South Sumatra

• Empat Lawang Regency from Lahat Regency (2 January 2007)

Lampung

• Pesawaran Regency from South Lampung Regency (17 July 2007)

Banten

• Serang from Serang Regency (17 July 2007)

West Java

• West Bandung Regency from Bandung Regency (2 January 2007)

East Nusa Tenggara

• Nagekeo Regency from Ngada Regency (2 January 2007)
• Central Sumba Regency and Southwest Sumba Regency from West Sumba Regency (2 January 2007)
• East Manggarai Regency from Manggarai Regency (17 July 2007)

West Kalimantan

• Kubu Raya Regency from Pontianak Regency (Mempawah Regency) (17 July 2007)

North Kalimantan

• Tana Tidung Regency from Bulungan Regency (17 July 2007)

North Sulawesi

• Kotamobagu and North Bolaang Mongondow Regency from Bolaang Mongondow Regency (2 January 2007)
• Siau Tagulandang Biaro Islands Regency from Sangihe Islands Regency (2 January 2007)
• Southeast Minahasa Regency from South Minahasa Regency (2 January 2007)

Gorontalo

• North Gorontalo Regency from Gorontalo Regency (2 January 2007)

Southeast Sulawesi

• North Konawe Regency from Konawe Regency (2 January 2007)
• North Buton Regency from Muna Regency (2 January 2007)

Maluku

• Tual from Southeast Maluku Regency (17 July 2007)

Papua

• Mamberamo Raya Regency from Sarmi Regency (15 March 2007)

2003

Aceh

• Bener Meriah Regency from Aceh Tengah Regency (18 December 2003)

North Sumatra

• Nias Selatan Regency from Nias Regency (25 February 2003)
• Pakpak Bharat Regency from Dairi Regency (25 February 2003)
• Humbang Hasundutan Regency from Tapanuli Utara Regency (25 February 2003)
• Samosir Regency from Toba Samosir Regency (18 December 2003)
• Serdang Bedagai Regency from Deli Serdang Regency (18 December 2003)

West Sumatra

• Dharmasraya Regency from Sawahlunto Sijunjung Regency (18 December 2003)
• Solok Selatan Regency from Solok Regency (18 December 2003)
• Pasaman Barat Regency from Pasaman Regency (18 December 2003)

Riau Islands

• Lingga Regency from Bintan Regency (18 December 2003)

Bengkulu

• Mukomuko Regency from Bengkulu Utara Regency (25 February 2003)
• Seluma Regency from Bengkulu Selatan Regency (25 February 2003)
• Kaur Regency from Bengkulu Selatan Regency (25 February 2003)
• Lebong Regency from Rejang Lebong Regency (18 December 2003)
• Kepahiang Regency from Rejang Lebong Regency (18 December 2003)

South Sumatra

• Ogan Komering Ulu Timur Regency from Ogan Komering Ulu Regency (18 December 2003)
• Ogan Komering Ulu Selatan Regency from Ogan Komering Ulu Regency (18 December 2003)
• Ogan Ilir Regency from Ogan Komering Ilir Regency (18 December 2003)

Bangka Belitung Islands

• Bangka Selatan Regency from Bangka Regency (25 February 2003)
• Bangka Tengah Regency from Bangka Regency (25 February 2003)
• Bangka Barat Regency from Bangka Regency (25 February 2003)
• Belitung Timur Regency from Belitung Regency (25 February 2003)

West Nusa Tenggara

• West Sumbawa Regency from Sumbawa Regency (18 December 2003)

East Nusa Tenggara

• West Manggarai Regency from Manggarai Regency (25 February 2003)

West Kalimantan

• Melawi Regency from Sintang Regency (18 December 2003)
• Sekadau Regency from Sanggau Regency (18 December 2003)

South Kalimantan

• Tanah Bumbu Regency from Kotabaru Regency (25 February 2003)
• Balangan Regency from North Hulu Sungai Regency (25 February 2003)

North Sulawesi

• South Minahasa Regency from Minahasa Regency (25 February 2003)
• Tomohon from Minahasa Regency (25 February 2003)
• North Minahasa Regency from Minahasa Regency (18 December 2003)

Gorontalo

• Bone Bolango Regency from Gorontalo Regency (25 February 2003)
• Pohuwato Regency from Boalemo Regency (25 February 2003)

Central Sulawesi

• Tojo Una-Una Regency from Poso Regency (18 December 2003)

West Sulawesi

• Pasangkayu Regency from Mamuju Regency (25 February 2003)

South Sulawesi

• East Luwu Regency from North Luwu Regency (25 February 2003)

Southeast Sulawesi

• South Konawe Regency from Kendari Regency (25 February 2003)
• Bombana Regency from Buton Regency (18 December 2003)
• Wakatobi Regency from Buton Regency (18 December 2003)
• North Kolaka Regency from Kolaka Regency (18 December 2003)

Maluku

• East Seram Regency from Central Maluku Regency (18 December 2003)
• West Seram Regency from Central Maluku Regency (18 December 2003)
• Aru Islands Regency from Southeast Maluku Regency (18 December 2003)

North Maluku

• North Halmahera Regency from North Maluku Regency (25 February 2003)
• South Halmahera Regency from North Maluku Regency (25 February 2003)
• Sula Islands Regency from North Maluku Regency (25 February 2003)
• East Halmahera Regency from Central Halmahera Regency (25 February 2003)
• Tidore Islands from Central Halmahera Regency (25 February 2003)

Papua

• Supiori Regency from Biak Numfor Regency (18 December 2003)

2002

Aceh

• Aceh Barat Daya Regency from Aceh Selatan Regency (10 April 2002)
• Gayo Lues Regency from Aceh Tenggara Regency (10 April 2002)
• Aceh Jaya Regency from Aceh Barat Regency (10 April 2002)
• Nagan Raya Regency from Aceh Barat Regency (10 April 2002)
• Aceh Tamiang Regency from Aceh Timur Regency (10 April 2002)

West Sumatra

• Pariaman from Padang Pariaman Regency (10 April 2002)

South Sumatra

• Banyuasin Regency from Musi Banyuasin Regency (10 April 2002)

West Java

• Banjar from Ciamis Regency (25 October 2002)

West Nusa Tenggara

• Bima from Bima Regency (10 April 2002)

Central Kalimantan

• Katingan Regency from East Kotawaringin Regency (10 April 2002)
• Seruyan Regency from East Kotawaringin Regency (10 April 2002)
• Sukamara Regency from West Kotawaringin Regency (10 April 2002)
• Lamandau Regency from West Kotawaringin Regency (10 April 2002)
• Gunung Mas Regency from Kapuas Regency (10 April 2002)
• Pulang Pisau Regency from Kapuas Regency (10 April 2002)
• Murung Raya Regency from North Barito Regency (10 April 2002)
• East Barito Regency from South Barito Regency (10 April 2002)

East Kalimantan

• Penajam North Paser Regency from Paser Regency (10 April 2002)

North Sulawesi

• Talaud Islands Regency from Sangihe Islands Regency (10 April 2002)

Central Sulawesi

• Parigi Moutong Regency from Donggala Regency (10 April 2002)

West Sulawesi

• Mamasa Regency from Polewali Mamasa Regency (10 April 2002)

South Sulawesi

• Palopo from Luwu Regency (10 April 2002)

West Papua

(including current Southwest Papua province)

• Kaimana Regency from Fak-Fak Regency (25 October 2002)
• Teluk Bintuni Regency from Manokwari Regency (25 October 2002)
• Teluk Wondama Regency from Manokwari Regency (25 October 2002)
• South Sorong Regency from Sorong Regency (11 December 2002)
• Raja Ampat Regency from Sorong Regency (11 December 2002)

Papua

(including current Highland Papua and South Papua provinces)

• Sarmi Regency from Jayapura Regency (11 December 2002)
• Keerom Regency from Jayapura Regency (11 December 2002)
• Waropen Regency from Yapen Waropen Regency (11 December 2002)
• Bintang Mountains Regency from Jayawijaya Regency (11 December 2002)
• Yahukimo Regency from Jayawijaya Regency (11 December 2002)
• Tolikara Regency from Jayawijaya Regency (11 December 2002)
• Boven Digoel Regency from Merauke Regency (11 December 2002)
• Mappi Regency from Merauke Regency (11 December 2002)
• Asmat Regency from Merauke Regency (11 December 2002)

2001

Aceh

• Lhokseumawe from Aceh Utara Regency (21 June 2001)
• Langsa from Aceh Timur Regency (21 June 2001)

North Sumatra

• Padang Sidempuan from Tapanuli Selatan Regency (21 June 2001)

Riau Islands

• Tanjung Pinang from Bintan Regency (21 June 2001)

South Sumatra

• Prabumulih from Muara Enim Regency (21 June 2001)
• Lubuklinggau from Musi Rawas Regency (21 June 2001)
• Pagar Alam from Lahat Regency (21 June 2001)

DKI Jakarta

• Seribu Regency from North Jakarta (3 July 2001)

West Java

• Cimahi from Bandung Regency (21 June 2001)
• Tasikmalaya from Tasikmalaya Regency (21 June 2001)

East Java

• Kota Baru from Malang Regency (21 June 2001)

West Kalimantan

• Singkawang from Bengkayang Regency (21 June 2001)

Southeast Sulawesi

• Bau-Bau from Buton Regency (21 June 2001)

1999

Aceh

• Aceh Singkil Regency from South Aceh Regency (20 April 1999)
• Simeulue Regency from West Aceh Regency (4 October 1999)
• Bireuen Regency from North Aceh Regency (4 October 1999)

West Sumatra

• Mentawai Islands Regency from Padang Pariaman Regency (4 October 1999)

Riau

(including the current Riau Islands Province, separated in 2002)

• Pelalawan Regency from Kampar Regency (4 October 1999)
• Rokan Hulu Regency from Kampar Regency (4 October 1999)
• Rokan Hilir Regency from Bengkalis Regency (4 October 1999)
• Siak Regency from Bengkalis Regency (4 October 1999)
• Kuantan Singingi Regency from Indragiri Hulu Regency (4 October 1999)
• Dumai from Bengkalis Regency (4 October 1999)
• Karimun Regency from Bintan Regency (4 October 1999)
• Natuna Regency from Bintan Regency (4 October 1999)
• Batam from Bintan Regency (4 October 1999)

Jambi

• Muaro Jambi Regency from Batanghari Regency (4 October 1999)
• Sarolangun Regency and Merangin Regency from Sarolangun Bangko Regency (4 October 1999)
• East Tanjung Jabung Regency and West Tanjung Jabung Regency from Tanjung Jabung Regency (4 October 1999)
• Tebo Regency and Bungo Regency from Bungo Tebo Regency (4 October 1999)

Lampung

• Way Kanan Regency from North Lampung Regency (20 April 1999)
• East Lampung Regency from Central Lampung Regency (20 April 1999)
• Metro (city) from Central Lampung Regency (20 April 1999)

West Java

(including current Banten Province, created 2000)

• Cilegon from Serang Regency (20 April 1999)
• Depok from Bogor Regency (27 April 1999)

East Nusa Tenggara

• Lembata Regency from East Flores Regency (4 October 1999)

West Kalimantan

• Bengkayang Regency from Sambas Regency (20 April 1999)
• Landak Regency from Mempawah Regency (4 October 1999)

South Kalimantan

• Banjarbaru from Banjar Regency (20 April 1999)

East Kalimantan

(including current North Kalimantan Regency)

• West Kutai Regency from Kutai Regency (4 October 1999)
• East Kutai Regency from Kutai Regency (4 October 1999)
• Bontang from Kutai Regency (4 October 1999)
• Malinau Regency from Bulungan Regency (4 October 1999)
• Nunukan Regency from Bulungan Regency (4 October 1999)

Gorontalo

• Boalemo Regency from Gorontalo Regency (4 October 1999)

Central Sulawesi

• Buol Regency from Buol Toli-Toli Regency (4 October 1999)
• Morowali Regency from Poso Regency (4 October 1999)
• Banggai Islands Regency from Banggai Regency (4 October 1999)

South Sulawesi

• North Luwu Regency from Luwu Regency (20 April 1999)

Maluku

• Buru Regency from Central Maluku Regency (4 October 1999)
• Tanimbar Islands Regency from Southeast Maluku Regency (4 October 1999)

North Maluku

• Ternate from North Maluku Regency (20 April 1999)

West Papua

(in current Southwest Papua province)

• Sorong from Sorong Regency (4 October 1999)

Papua

(all in current Central Papua province)

• Paniai Regency from Nabire Regency (4 October 1999)
• Puncak Jaya Regency from Nabire Regency (4 October 1999)
• Mimika Regency from Fak-Fak Regency (4 October 1999)

Former regencies

These regencies are defunct by splitting its lands together, or renamed. This list does not include colonial-era regencies, or former regencies of the former province of East Timor.

Former regency's name	Fate
Toba Samosir Regency (−2020)	Renamed to Toba Regency
Western Southeast Maluku Regency (1999–2019)	Renamed to Tanimbar Islands Regency
North Mamuju Regency (2003–2018)	Renamed to Pasangkayu Regency
Pontianak Regency (−2014)	Renamed to Mempawah Regency
Riau Islands Regency (−2006)	Split into 3 in 1999 and one each in 2001 and 2003, later changed name to Bintan Regency
North Maluku Regency (−2003)	Split into 4 regencies and cities
Kutai Regency (−2002)	Split into 4 regencies and cities in 1999, later renamed to Kutai Kartanegara Regency
Sarolangun Bangko Regency (−1999)	Split into Sarolangun Regency and Merangin Regency
Bungo Tebo Regency (−1999)	Split into Bungo Regency and Tebo Regency
Tanjung Jabung Regency (−1999)	Split into West Tanjung Jabung Regency and East Tanjung Jabung Regency
Buol Toli-Toli Regency (−1999)	Split into Buol Regency and Toli-Toli Regency
Adikarto Regency (−1951)	Merged into Kulon Progo Regency
Hulu Sungai Regency (−1959)	Split into South Hulu Sungai Regency, Central Hulu Sungai Regency and North Hulu Sungai Regency
Barito Regency (−1959)	Split into North Barito Regency and South Barito Regency
Kotawaringin Regency (−1959)	Split into West Kotawaringin Regency and East Kotawaringin Regency

See also

• List of Indonesian cities by population
• List of Indonesian regencies by population

Notes and References

1. Book: Turner, Mark. Owen Podger. Maria S. Sumardjono. Wayan K. Tirthayasa. Decentralisation in Indonesia: redesigning the state. Australian National University. Asia Pacific School of Economics and Government. 2003. 0-7315-3697-5.
2. https://kodepos.nomor.net/ Kode Pos Indonesia
3. Web site: Profil Daerah (Regional profiles). Indonesian Ministry of Interior.
4. Book: Indeks Pembangunan Manusia 2022. 18 January 2024. Statistics Indonesia. 2086-2369. 16 May 2023. I Nyoman. Setiawan. Synthia Natalia. Kristiani. Nurarifin. Syukriyah. Delyana. Nia. Setyawati. Farhan Anshari. Arsyi. Wisnu. Winardi. Yoyo. Karyono. Mutijo. Dimas Hari. Santoso.
5. Web site: Penduduk Kabupaten Bogor Terbanyak, Tana Tidung Tersedikit. August 14, 2020. July 2, 2021. CNN Indonesia.
6. Web site: 15 Kota Terkecil di Indonesia, Solo Masuk Urutan Berapa?. 9 February 2021. 2 July 2021. Solopos. Nugroho. Meidinata.
7. Web site: Kabupaten Bogor Berpenduduk Terbanyak Se-Indonesia . opendata.jabarprov.go.id . 11 January 2023 . id.
8. Web site: Rilis Data Kemendagri: Jumlah Penduduk Jabar Terbanyak, Kaltara Tersedikit . dukcapil.kemendagri.go.id . 11 January 2023 . id . 24 February 2022.
9. Web site: Daerah Pemekaran Sering Jadi Ladang Korupsi. Republika. 26 July 2016. 7 February 2021. Amri. Amrullah.
10. Web site: Moratorium pemekaran daerah di tengah pandemi. 7 December 2020. 11 February 2021. Antaranews. A moratorium on regional expansion amidst the pandemic. Fransiska. Ninditya.