List of rebel groups that control territory explained

This is a list of active rebel groups that control territory around the world whose domains may be subnational, transnational, or international. A "rebel group" is defined here as a polity that uses armed conflict in opposition to established government (or governments) for reasons such as to seek political change or to establish, maintain, or to gain independence. Groups that "control territory" are defined as any group that hold any populated or inhabited city, town, village, hamlet, or defined area that is under the direct administration or military control of the group. Such control may be contested and might be temporary or fluctuating, especially under the circumstance of conflict.

It does not include the governments of stable breakaway states or other states with limited recognition.

Within stateRebel groupConflictControl
since
Territory controlledNotesLeaderHeadquarters



Mali War
Somali Civil War
Yemeni Civil War
2006 Parts of Burkina Faso[1]
Parts of central and northern Mali[2]
Large parts of southern and central Somalia[3]
Small parts of Abyan Governorate[4]
TBDTinzaouaten (Mali)[5]
Jilib (Somalia)[6]
Boko HaramBoko Haram insurgency2009 Small parts of Borno, Kaduna and Niger States[7] Relocated to Kaduna State after the Battle of Sambisa ForestAbu UmaimataChikun[8] [9]



Insurgency in Cabo Delgado
Mali War
Boko Haram insurgency
Somali Civil War
2015 Large parts of Borno State[10] [11] [12]
Several villages in the Bari region[13]
Several villages in the Gao region[14]
Parts of Cabo Delgado Province[15]
Designated a terrorist organization by the United Nations[16] Abu Hafs al-Hashimi al-QurashiUnknown
Indigenous People of BiafraInsurgency in Southeastern Nigeria2021Parts of the Former Republic of BiafraNnamdi KanuUnknown
Biafra Nations LeagueBakassi Conflict2021Bakassi PeninsulaPrincewill Chimezie Richards, Henry EdetBakassi Peninsula
Red DragonAnglophone Crisis2019Several villages in Lebialem department of Southwest Province in Cameroon[17] The Red Dragon militia controlling parts of Lebialem is loyal to the Interim Government of AmbazoniaLekeaka OliverUnknown
Coalition of Patriots for ChangeCentral African Republic Civil War2020Parts of Central African RepublicCoalition of multiple groups including Anti-balaka, 3R, and MPCFrançois Bozizé[18] [19] N'Djamena, Chad[20]
Mai-MaiKivu conflict2003Parts of northeastern DRC[21] Various groupsVarious leadersDepending on group
March 23 Movement2012Parts of North Kivu province[22] Bertrand Bisimwa
Nduma Defense of Congo-Renouveau2015Parts of North Kivu province[23] Shimiray Mwissa GuidonPinga
2012Parts of northern Mali[24] Bilal Ag AcherifKidal[25]
Fano2023Parts of the Amhara Region[26] Zemene Kassie
Kachin Independence ArmyInternal conflict in Myanmar2011Parts of Kachin State[27] Military wing of Kachin Independence OrganisationN'Ban LaLaiza
People's Defence Force2021Areas across Myanmar.[28] Created as opposition to military juntaDuwa Lashi LaMultiple local headquarters
MNDAA2021Kokang region.Pheung Kya-shin
KNDF2021Khun Bedu
2021Parts of Chin State[29] Falam
Karen National Liberation Army1966Parts of Kayin State[30] [31] Military wing of Karen National UnionSaw Mutu Say PoeLay Wah
Movement of Democratic Forces of CasamanceCasamance conflict1982Parts of Casamance region in Senegal.[32]
Sudan Revolutionary FrontSudan–SRF conflict2011Parts of South Kordofan state and Blue Nile state[33] Abdelaziz al-HiluKauda[34]
Tahrir al-ShamSyrian civil war2017Part of Idlib Governorate in northwest Syria[35] Faction within the Syrian civil war opposed to the Syrian governmentAbu Mohammad al-JulaniIdlib
Maghaweir al-Thowra2016Small pocket in the Syrian Desert adjacent to the Jordanian border and the Iraqi border[36] [37] Faction within the Syrian civil war opposed to the Syrian government and aligned with the United StatesAl-Tanf
2012Territories in the north and east of Syria, mostly over the Euphrates RiverFaction within the Syrian civil war allied to the Syrian government and opposed by TurkeyÎlham Ehmed, Mansur SelumQamishli
Syrian National Army2017Border areas of Northern Syria[38] Faction within the Syrian civil war opposed to the Syrian government and aligned with TurkeyAnas al-AbdahAzaz[39]
Yemeni Civil War2017Some of the territory in South Yemen[40] [41] [42] Organized in response to various grievances of southern Yemenis. It maintains a tenuous peace with the Yemeni government.Aidarus al-ZoubaidiAden
Houthi movement2004Most of former North Yemen, including the capital Sana'a, and parts of South Yemen[43] The Houthis control the Supreme Political Council,[44] which is unrecognized by the international communityMahdi al-MashatSa'dah

See also

Notes and References

  1. https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/6/18/state-controls-only-60-percent-of-burkina-faso-mediator State controls just 60 percent of Burkina Faso: ECOWAS mediator
  2. Web site: Speaking with the "Bad Guys": Toward Dialogue with Central Mali's Jihadists. While the Malian army controls towns and their immediate vicinity, the jihadists rule the countryside, erecting checkpoints on rural roads and patrolling rivers. 28 May 2019.
  3. Web site: Osman . Jamal . Inside Al Shabaab . Channel4 . 15 June 2022 . 10 October 2022.
  4. Web site: Hussien . Shurki . Yemen separatists seize al-Qaeda stronghold in Abyan .
  5. Web site: Armed violence in the Sahara. Mathieu. Pellerin. November 2019.
  6. Web site: Somalia: Al-Shabaab Leaders Split Over Funds Control. 27 March 2020. AllAfrica.
  7. Web site: Boko Haram and the Islamic State West Africa Province .
  8. Web site: DSS: Boko Haram relocating from Sambisa forest to Kaduna. 15 September 2021.
  9. Web site: Leaked DSS memo shows fleeing Boko Haram terrorists are moving to Kaduna. 15 September 2021.
  10. Web site: Economics of terrorism in Lake Chad Basin. 10 July 2019.
  11. Web site: Several killed in fight between Boko Haram, ISWAP members. 20 January 2020.
  12. News: ISWAP Still Controls Vast Areas of Guzamala In Northeast . Abdulkareem . Haruna . June 30, 2022 . HumAngle.
  13. Web site: Letter dated 1 November 2019 from the Chair of the Security Council Committee pursuant to resolution 751 (1992) concerning Somalia addressed to the President of the Security Council. 84. 1 November 2019.
  14. Book: Mémier, Marc . AQMI et Al-Mourabitoun : le djihad sahélien réunifié? . January 2017 . 978-2-36567-661-8 . Études de l’Ifri . . 28 November 2019 . fr . 54 . 12 March 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170312043437/https://www.ifri.org/sites/default/files/atoms/files/memier_aqmi_et_al-mourabitoun_fr_2017.compressed.pdf . live .
  15. Web site: Winning Peace in Mozambique's Embattled North . 10 February 2022 .
  16. Web site: Security Council Al-Qaida Sanctions Committee Amends Entry. United Nations. 30 May 2013. 12 November 2016.
  17. Web site: Cameroun/Sécurité au NoSo : l'étau se resserre autour de Field Marshall. ActuCameroun.com. 14 May 2020. 16 May 2020. dmy-all.
  18. Web site: CAR says ex-president attempting 'coup' as rebels form coalition. 19 December 2020.
  19. Web site: François Bozizé: CAR accuses former president of 'attempted coup'. BBC. BBC.co.uk/News. 19 December 2020. 20 December 2020. dmy-all.
  20. https://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20211106-françois-bozizé-et-d-autres-chefs-rebelles-centrafricains-se-trouvent-à-ndjamena François Bozizé et d'autres chefs rebelles centrafricains se trouvent à Ndjamena
  21. http://missoulian.com/news/world/africa/congo-army-un-take-on-rebel-group-in-northeast/article_f61f405b-d005-58c9-8dd4-7b72ef7c8659.html
  22. News: Congo military accuses Rwanda of invasion; rebels seize town . Al-Hadji Kudra Maliro . Justin Kabumba . Washington Post . 13 June 2022 . 13 June 2022.
  23. Web site: NDC-R: Congo's Contract Militia Which "Killed" FDLR's Gen Sylvestre Mudacumura. 15 May 2020.
  24. News: Mali government seeks to assert control over restive north, to send troops to Kidal. 7 February 2020.
  25. Web site: A Tuareg soldier guards the Azawad Movement's headquarters in Kidal, northern Mali. 5 June 2015. Yahoo News.
  26. Web site: Ethiopia's Ominous New War in Amhara .
  27. News: Burma attack breaks Kachin truce near China border. BBC. 20 January 2013. 18 August 2014. The rebels are seeking greater autonomy within Burma for ethnic Kachins who have had de facto control over a part of northern Burma for more than 50 years..
  28. https://www.france24.com/en/tv-shows/the-interview/20220510-myanmar-s-civilian-president-claims-resistance-controls-nearly-half-of-country Myanmar's civilian president claims resistance controls nearly half the country
  29. Web site: Resistance to the Myanmar regime in Chin state – a photo essay . 24 January 2022. The Guardian.
  30. Web site: Six die in Myanmar Air Strikes on Karen Villages Near the Thai Border. 2 May 2021. 27 May 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210527171804/https://www.rfa.org/english/news/myanmar/karen-villages-03302021170654.html. live.
  31. News: Myanmar army launches air strikes in Karen state, group says. Reuters. 27 March 2021. 2 May 2021. 11 May 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210511215155/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-myanmar-politics-karen-idUSKBN2BJ0IZ. live.
  32. https://trialinternational.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/press-kit-Westwood_EN.pdf WESTWOOD: DEALING IN CONFLICT TIMBER
  33. Web site: Sudan Revolutionary Front (SRF). Human Security Baseline Assessment (HSBA) for Sudan and South Sudan. 4 June 2013. 1 December 2014. Corresponding to the SPLM-N's dominant role, the SRF's locus of control resides in its bastion in Kaoda, and the Nuba Mountains, South Kordofan. Military activity is most prevalent in South Kordofan but extends to Blue Nile and into South Sudan's border states..
  34. https://middle-east-online.com/en/sudan%E2%80%99s-pm-visits-rebel-stronghold-peace-mission Sudan’s PM visits rebel stronghold on peace mission
  35. Web site: Syria: Who's in control of Idlib?. Ali. Zulfiqar. BBC.co.uk/News. BBC News. 18 February 2020. 19 May 2020. dmy-all.
  36. Web site: Fears Rise of an ISIS Comeback. Seligman. Lara. ForeignPolicy.com. Graham Holdings. 2 July 2019. 19 May 2020. dmy-all.
  37. Web site: Iran-backed group launches attack near small garrison in Syria housing American special operators. Snow. Shawn. MilitaryTimes.com. Sightline Media Group. 16 February 2020. 19 May 2020. dmy-all.
  38. Web site: Who Are Turkey's Proxy Fighters in Syria?. Tsurkov. Elizabeth. NYBooks.com. The New York Review of Books. 27 November 2019. 19 May 2020. dmy-all.
  39. Web site: Turkey's Idlib incursion and the HTS question: Understanding the long game in Syria. Lister. Charles. WarOnTheRocks.com. War on the Rocks. 31 October 2017. 3 November 2017. dmy-all.
  40. Web site: GCC: Aden-based Southern Transitional Council 'doomed to fail'. The New Arab. alaraby.co.uk. 16 May 2017 . 2017-06-08.
  41. Web site: Banished Aden governor forms independent "South Yemen" council. The New Arab. alaraby.co.uk. 11 May 2017 . 2017-06-08.
  42. Web site: Thirty Southern Figures Reject Transitional Council in Aden – ASHARQ AL-AWSAT English. Saudi Research & Marketing (uk) Ltd. english.aawsat.com. 2017-06-08.
  43. News: Ahmed. Al-Haj. Houthi Rebels Take Over Yemen's Government. Huffington Post. 2 June 2015. 7 February 2015. dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20150206171011/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/02/06/houthis-yemen-takeover_n_6630070.html. 6 February 2015.
  44. Web site: Yemen rebels form rival government. Qantara.de. Deutsche Welle. 5 October 2016. 27 March 2021. dmy-all.