Within state | Rebel group | Conflict | Control since | Territory controlled | Notes | Leader | Headquarters |
---|
| | Mali War Somali Civil War Yemeni Civil War | 2006 | Parts of Burkina Faso[1] Parts of central and northern Mali[2] Large parts of southern and central Somalia[3] Small parts of Abyan Governorate[4] | | TBD | Tinzaouaten (Mali)[5] Jilib (Somalia)[6] |
| Boko Haram | Boko Haram insurgency | 2009 | Small parts of Borno, Kaduna and Niger States[7] | Relocated to Kaduna State after the Battle of Sambisa Forest | Abu Umaimata | Chikun[8] [9] |
| | Insurgency in Cabo Delgado Mali War Boko Haram insurgency Somali Civil War | 2015 | Large parts of Borno State[10] [11] [12] Several villages in the Bari region[13] Several villages in the Gao region[14] Parts of Cabo Delgado Province[15] | Designated a terrorist organization by the United Nations[16] | Abu Hafs al-Hashimi al-Qurashi | Unknown |
| Indigenous People of Biafra | Insurgency in Southeastern Nigeria | 2021 | Parts of the Former Republic of Biafra | | Nnamdi Kanu | Unknown |
| Biafra Nations League | Bakassi Conflict | 2021 | Bakassi Peninsula | | Princewill Chimezie Richards, Henry Edet | Bakassi Peninsula |
| Red Dragon | Anglophone Crisis | 2019 | Several villages in Lebialem department of Southwest Province in Cameroon[17] | The Red Dragon militia controlling parts of Lebialem is loyal to the Interim Government of Ambazonia | Lekeaka Oliver | Unknown |
| Coalition of Patriots for Change | Central African Republic Civil War | 2020 | Parts of Central African Republic | Coalition of multiple groups including Anti-balaka, 3R, and MPC | François Bozizé[18] [19] | N'Djamena, Chad[20] |
| Mai-Mai | Kivu conflict | 2003 | Parts of northeastern DRC[21] | Various groups | Various leaders | Depending on group |
March 23 Movement | 2012 | Parts of North Kivu province[22] | | Bertrand Bisimwa | |
Nduma Defense of Congo-Renouveau | 2015 | Parts of North Kivu province[23] | | Shimiray Mwissa Guidon | Pinga |
| | | 2012 | Parts of northern Mali[24] | | Bilal Ag Acherif | Kidal[25] |
| Fano | | 2023 | Parts of the Amhara Region[26] | | Zemene Kassie | |
| Kachin Independence Army | Internal conflict in Myanmar | 2011 | Parts of Kachin State[27] | Military wing of Kachin Independence Organisation | N'Ban La | Laiza |
People's Defence Force | 2021 | Areas across Myanmar.[28] | Created as opposition to military junta | Duwa Lashi La | Multiple local headquarters |
MNDAA | 2021 | Kokang region. | | Pheung Kya-shin | |
KNDF | 2021 | | | Khun Bedu | |
| 2021 | Parts of Chin State[29] | | | Falam |
Karen National Liberation Army | 1966 | Parts of Kayin State[30] [31] | Military wing of Karen National Union | Saw Mutu Say Poe | Lay Wah |
| Movement of Democratic Forces of Casamance | Casamance conflict | 1982 | Parts of Casamance region in Senegal.[32] | | | |
| Sudan Revolutionary Front | Sudan–SRF conflict | 2011 | Parts of South Kordofan state and Blue Nile state[33] | | Abdelaziz al-Hilu | Kauda[34] |
| Tahrir al-Sham | Syrian civil war | 2017 | Part of Idlib Governorate in northwest Syria[35] | Faction within the Syrian civil war opposed to the Syrian government | Abu Mohammad al-Julani | Idlib |
Maghaweir al-Thowra | 2016 | Small pocket in the Syrian Desert adjacent to the Jordanian border and the Iraqi border[36] [37] | Faction within the Syrian civil war opposed to the Syrian government and aligned with the United States | | Al-Tanf |
| 2012 | Territories in the north and east of Syria, mostly over the Euphrates River | Faction within the Syrian civil war allied to the Syrian government and opposed by Turkey | Îlham Ehmed, Mansur Selum | Qamishli |
Syrian National Army | 2017 | Border areas of Northern Syria[38] | Faction within the Syrian civil war opposed to the Syrian government and aligned with Turkey | Anas al-Abdah | Azaz[39] |
| | Yemeni Civil War | 2017 | Some of the territory in South Yemen[40] [41] [42] | Organized in response to various grievances of southern Yemenis. It maintains a tenuous peace with the Yemeni government. | Aidarus al-Zoubaidi | Aden |
Houthi movement | 2004 | Most of former North Yemen, including the capital Sana'a, and parts of South Yemen[43] | The Houthis control the Supreme Political Council,[44] which is unrecognized by the international community | Mahdi al-Mashat | Sa'dah | |