List of political parties in Nepal explained

The following is the list of political parties in Nepal registered in the Election Commission.[1]

National parties

A party registered with the Election Commission of Nepal is recognised as a national party only if it fulfils the two conditions listed below:[2] [3]

There are currently eight national parties in Nepal.[4]

PartyFoundedPolitical
position		IdeologyLeaderFederal ParliamentProvincial AssembliesLocal government
data-sort-type="number" Pratinidhi
Sabha		data-sort-type="number" Rastriya
Sabha		data-sort-type="number" Koshidata-sort-type="number" Madheshdata-sort-type="number" Bagmatidata-sort-type="number" Gandakidata-sort-type="number" Lumbinidata-sort-type="number" Karnalidata-sort-type="number" Sudur­pashchimdata-sort-type="number" Headsdata-sort-type="number" Councillors

1950 to Social democracy
Third way
Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist)
1991Communism
Marxism–Leninism
bgcolor=Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)
Nepali: नेपाल कमयुनिस्ट पार्टी (माओवादी केन्द्र)|label=none		1994Communism
Prachanda Path
bgcolor=

2022Centre to Centre-rightEconomic liberalism
bgcolor=

1990
Economic liberalism
Hindutva
bgcolor=
2024
to
Minority rights
bgcolor=

2019Social democracy
Regionalism
Madheshi rights
bgcolor=
2020
to
Minority rights

Other parties currently represented in the Federal parliament

A political party securing less than 3% of the PR votes will have to send its directly elected or FPTP candidates to the parliament as independent lawmakers. In other words, candidates from any political party failing to meet the criteria to become a national party will be ineligible to be represented in parliament as a party.[2] [5]

There are currently five such political parties which failed to achieve national status yet are represented in Nepal's Parliament.[4]

PartyFoundedPolitical
position		IdeologyLeaderFederal ParliamentProvincial AssembliesLocal government
data-sort-type="number" Pratinidhi
Sabha		data-sort-type="number" Rastriya
Sabha		data-sort-type="number" Koshidata-sort-type="number" Madheshdata-sort-type="number" Bagmatidata-sort-type="number" Gandakidata-sort-type="number" Lumbinidata-sort-type="number" Karnalidata-sort-type="number" Sudur
pashchim		data-sort-type="number" Headsdata-sort-type="number" Councillors
bgcolor=Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Socialist)
2021Communism
Marxist–Leninism


2021Social democracy
Third way
bgcolor=

2022


1975Marxism–Leninism
Maoism
Juche
bgcolor=

2006Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Anti-federalism

Parties currently represented only in provincial assemblies

PartyFoundedPolitical positionLeaderProvincial AssembliesLocal government
data-sort-type="number" Headdata-sort-type="number" CouncillorsLocal councils

)
2022Big tent

2016

Parties represented only in local government

PartyPolitical positionLeaderLocal government
data-sort-type="number" Headdata-sort-type="number" CouncillorsLocal councils
bgcolor=
Marchawari
bgcolor=

Janakpur &
Mahottari
bgcolor=
Pheta


Right-wingKamala &
Kotahimai
bgcolor=hotpink
(Federal Democratic National Front)
Chulachuli,
Kankai,
Pathibhara Yanwarak &<br/>Sidingwa
bgcolor=limegreen
Centre-leftAmargadhi &
Ganyapadhura
bgcolor=cyan

Centre-leftKalaiya &
Lamki Chuha
bgcolor=

Centre-leftButwal,Kaligandaki &
Mangsebung
bgcolor=mediumblue
(Bahujan Power Party)
Centre-leftKrishnanagar &Lakshminiya
bgcolor=steelblue
(Bahujan Unity Party Nepal)
Left-wingBarahathawa
Nepal Sushashan Party

Pokhariya
bgcolor=darksalmon
Left-wingSarkegadh
bgcolor=Nepal Sadbhavana Party
(Nepal Goodwill Party)
Chhinnamasta

Other parties

PartyPolitical positionLeader
Nepal Pariwar DalCentre-rightEk Nath Dhakal
Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist–Leninist)Left-wingChandra Prakash Mainali
Shree Mahendra Dal(Shreemad), NepalSushil K. Bisht
Khambuwan Rashtriya Morcha, NepalRam Kumar Rai
Bouddhik Prajatantrik ParishadLaxman Rajbanshi
Jana Jagaran Party NepalLokmani Dhakal
Samajvadi Janata PartyCentre-leftPrem Bahadur Singh
Sanghiya Loktantrik Rastriya Manch (Tharuhat)Rukmini Chaudhary
Madhesh Terai ForumAmar Yadav
Nepal Communist Party (Marxist)Far-leftPrakash Adhikari
Communist Party of NepalFar-leftRishi Ram Kattel
Madhesi Janaadhikar Forum MadheshBhagya Nath Gupta
Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist–Leninist-Socialist)Far-leftBishnu Raj Aryal
Shiva Sena NepalRight-wing to far-rightArun Subedi
Nepal Sukumbasi Party (Loktantrik)Hukum Bahadur Lama
Bahujan Samaj Party NepalCentre-leftGanga Prasad Mahara
Deshbhakta Paryabaraniya Samajik MorchaCentreSurendra Prasad Dhakal
Rastrabadi Ekta PartyUma Shrestha
Tamangsaling Loktantrik Party
Lok DalKaushal Kumar Singh
Deshbhakta Samaj
Janashakti NepalRam Kumar Ojha
Miteri Party Nepal
Rastriya Shiva Sena PartyRight-wingBikram Bahadur Bam
Akhanda Sudurpashchim Party NepalKhagendra Awasthi
Nepal Prajatantrik Pragatisheel Party
Pichhadabarga Nishad Dalit Janajati Party
Janasamajvadi Party, NepalCentre-left
Churebhavar Loktantrik PartyBhumiraj Niraula
Rastriya Churebhavar PartyShiva Prasad Tamang
Chure Bhawar Rastriya PartyKeshav Prasad Mainali
Chure Bhawar Rastriya Ekta Party NepalBadri Neupane
Rastriya Janata Dal NepalBharat Prasad Mahato
Lok Kalyankari Janata Party, Nepal
Nepal Samajbadi Party (Lohiyabadi)Centre-left
Gandhivadi Party Nepal
Rastravadi Party
Nepal Purvarastrasevak Loktantrik Party
Nepal Janaloktantrik Party
Nepal People's Party
Rastriya Jana Ekta Party
Hamro Party
Nepal Dalit Party
Hamro Party Nepal
Yuva Nepal Party
Nepal Loktantrik Janata Congress Party
Nepal Samajwadi Janata DalLeft-wing
Nepal Bahudal PartyAmbika Rana
Prajatantrik Shakti PartyCentre-rightGanesh Bahadur Shrestha
Nepali Jantantra Party
People's Progressive PartyCentre-leftJukti Jung Lamichhane
Unnat Loktantra PartyN/ASwagat Nepal

Defunct parties

This is a list of defunct political parties of Nepal that have had some representation in the legislature.

PartyFoundedDefunct
Nepal Rashtrabadi Gorkha Parishad[6] 1951Unknown
Communist Party of Nepal19491962
Nepal Praja Parishad19511961
Samyukta Prajatantra Party[7] 1955Unknown
Communist Party of Nepal (Democratic)19791991
Samyukta Janamorcha Nepal19912002
Communist Party of Nepal (United)19912005
Nepal Sadbhawana Party19812017
Rastriya Prajatantra Party (Chand)19971998
Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist–Leninist)19982002
Nepali Congress (Democratic)20022007
Janamorcha Nepal20022009
Nepal Sadbhavana Party (Anandidevi)20032015
Communist Party of Nepal (Unified)20072013
Rastriya Janashakti Party20072013
Madheshi Jana Adhikar Forum, Nepal20072015
Sadbhavana Party20072017
Terai Madhesh Loktantrik Party20072017
Madheshi Jana Adhikar Forum, Nepal (Loktantrik)20092017
Communist Party of Nepal Marxist−Leninist (Samajbadi)20102013
Terai Madhesh Loktantrik Party Nepal20102013
Madheshi Jana Adhikar Forum (Republican)20112017
Federal Socialist Party, Nepal20122015
Rastriya Madhesh Samajbadi Party20132017
Terai Madhesh Sadbhavana Party20132017
Federal Socialist Forum, Nepal20152019
Rastriya Janata Party Nepal20162019
Nepal Loktantrik Forum20172017
Rastriya Janata Party Nepal20172020
Rastriya Prajatantra Party (Democratic)20172020
Nepal Communist Party20182021
Samajbadi Party, Nepal20192020
Rastriya Sadbhavana PartyUnknown2013
Akhanda Nepal PartyUnknown2017
Sanghiya Sadbhavana PartyUnknown2017
Samajbadi Janata PartyUnknownUnknown

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: दर्ता भएका राजनीतिक दलहरु (अधावधिक सुची). Election Commission.
  2. Web site: Criteria for nat'l parties: 3 percent vote share, 1 FPTP seat a must. 2022-12-08 . The Kathmandu Post . en.
  3. Web site: Seven parties secure national party status so far: Election Commission. 2022-12-08 . The Kathmandu Post . en.
  4. Web site: प्रतिनिधिसभामा १२ दल, राष्ट्रिय पार्टी ७ मात्रै . 2022-12-06 . ekantipur.com . ne.
  5. Web site: 3 pc threshold proposed for parliamentary polls. 2022-12-08 . My República. en.
  6. Bajracharya, Bhadra Ratha/Sharma, Sita Ram/Bakshi S.R.. Political development in Nepal. New Delhi: Anmol Publications, 1993. p. 114, 115
  7. Book: Śrīvāstava, Kāśī Prasāda . Nepāla kā itihāsa . 1986 . Atmaram & Sons . 978-81-7043-045-2 . hi.

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