List of natural satellites explained

Of the Solar System's eight planets and its nine most likely dwarf planets, six planets and seven dwarf planets are known to be orbited by at least 300 natural satellites, or moons. At least 19 of them are large enough to be gravitationally rounded; of these, all are covered by a crust of ice except for Earth's Moon and Jupiter's Io.[1] Several of the largest ones are in hydrostatic equilibrium and would therefore be considered dwarf planets or planets if they were in direct orbit around the Sun and not in their current states (orbiting planets or dwarf planets).

Moons are classed into two separate categories according to their orbits: regular moons, which have prograde orbits (they orbit in the direction of their planets' rotation) and lie close to the plane of their equators, and irregular moons, whose orbits can be pro- or retrograde (against the direction of their planets' rotation) and often lie at extreme angles to their planets' equators. Irregular moons are probably minor planets that have been captured from surrounding space. Most irregular moons are less than in diameter.

The earliest published discovery of a moon other than Earth's was by Galileo Galilei, who discovered the four Galilean moons orbiting Jupiter in 1610. Over the following three centuries, only a few more moons were discovered. Missions to other planets in the 1970s, most notably the Voyager 1 and 2 missions, saw a surge in the number of moons detected, and observations since the year 2000, using mostly large, ground-based optical telescopes, have discovered many more, all of which are irregular. __TOC__

Moons by primary

Mercury, the smallest and innermost planet, has no moons, or at least none that can be detected to a diameter of 1.61NaN1.[2] For a very short time in 1974, Mercury was thought to have a moon.

Venus also has no moons,[3] though reports of a moon around Venus have circulated since the 17th century.

Earth has one Moon, the largest moon of any rocky planet in the Solar System and the largest body typically described as a moon that orbits anything in hydrostatic equilibrium in relation to the primary object by mass and diameter other than Charon and Pluto, the latter two being dwarf planets revolving around each other. Earth also has more than 20 known co-orbitals, including the asteroids 3753 Cruithne and 469219 Kamoʻoalewa, and the occasional temporary satellite, like 2020 CD3; however, since they do not permanently orbit Earth, they are not considered moons. (See Other moons of Earth and Quasi-satellite.)

Mars has two known moons, Phobos and Deimos ("fear" and "dread", after attendants of Ares, the Greek god of war, equivalent to the Roman Mars). Searches for more satellites have been unsuccessful, putting the maximum radius of any other satellites at 90-1NaN-1.[4]

Jupiter has 95 moons with known orbits; 72 of them have received permanent designations, and 57 have been named. Its eight regular moons are grouped into the planet-sized Galilean moons and the far smaller Amalthea group. They were named after lovers of Zeus, the Greek equivalent of Jupiter. Among them is Ganymede, the largest and most massive moon in the Solar System. Its 87 known irregular moons are organized into two categories: prograde and retrograde. The prograde satellites consist of the Himalia group and three others in groups of one. The retrograde moons are grouped into the Carme, Ananke and Pasiphae groups.

Saturn has 146 moons with known orbits; 66 of them have received permanent designations, and 63 have been named. Most of them are quite small. Seven moons are large enough to be in hydrostatic equilibrium, including Titan, the second largest moon in the Solar System. Including these large moons, 24 of Saturn's moons are regular, and traditionally named after Titans or other figures associated with the mythological Saturn. The remaining 122 are irregular, and classified by their orbital characteristics into Inuit, Norse, and Gallic groups, and their names are chosen from the corresponding mythologies the groups are named after. The rings of Saturn are made up of icy objects ranging in size from one centimetre to hundreds of metres, each of which is on its own orbit about the planet. Thus, a precise number of Saturnian moons cannot be given, as there is no objective boundary between the countless small anonymous objects that form Saturn's ring system and the larger objects that have been named as moons. At least 150 "moonlets" embedded in the rings have been detected by the disturbance they create in the surrounding ring material, though this is thought to be only a small sample of the total population of such objects.

Uranus has 28 known moons, five of which are massive enough to have achieved hydrostatic equilibrium. There are 13 moons that orbit within Uranus's ring system, and another ten outer irregular moons. Unlike most planetary moons, which are named from antiquity, all the moons of Uranus are named after characters from the works of Shakespeare and Alexander Pope's work The Rape of the Lock.

Neptune has 16 known moons; the largest, Triton, accounts for more than 99.5 percent of all the mass orbiting the planet. Triton is large enough to have achieved hydrostatic equilibrium, but, uniquely for a large moon, has a retrograde orbit, suggesting it was a dwarf planet that was captured. Neptune also has seven known inner regular satellites, and eight outer irregular satellites.

Pluto, a dwarf planet, has five moons. Its largest moon Charon, named after the ferryman who took souls across the River Styx, is more than half as large as Pluto itself, and large enough to orbit a point outside Pluto's surface. In effect, each orbits the other, forming a binary system informally referred to as a double-dwarf-planet. Pluto's four other moons, Nix, Hydra, Kerberos and Styx are far smaller and orbit the Pluto–Charon system.[5]

Among the other dwarf planets, has no known moons. It is 90 percent certain that Ceres has no moons larger than 1 km in size, assuming that they would have the same albedo as Ceres itself.[6] has one large known moon, Dysnomia. Accurately determining its size is difficult: one indicative estimate of its radius is .[7]

Two objects were named as dwarf planets, under the expectation that they would prove to be so (though this remains uncertain). has two moons, Hiʻiaka and Namaka, of radii ~195 and ~100 km, respectively. has one moon, discovered in April 2016.

A number of other objects in the Kuiper belt and scattered disk may turn out to be dwarf planets.,,, and are generally agreed to be dwarf planets among astronomers, and all but Sedna are known to have moons. A number of other smaller objects, such as,,,, and, also have moons, although their dwarf planethood is more doubtful. This list includes all objects with a best estimated diameter above 400 km that are considered likely or official dwarf planets by other sources and astronomers,[8] [9] [10] including whose satellite has not been seen since its initial discovery.

, 365 asteroid moons and 128 trans-Neptunian moons (including those of Pluto and the other dwarf planets) had been discovered.[11]

Summary – number of moons
width=120 Planetswidth=90 Mercurywidth=90 Venuswidth=90 Earthwidth=90 Marswidth=90 Jupiterwidth=90 Saturnwidth=90 Uranuswidth=90 Neptune
Number of moons0012951462816
width=110 Consensus dwarf planetswidth=80 Cereswidth=80 width=80 Plutowidth=80 Haumeawidth=80 width=80 Makemakewidth=80 Gonggongwidth=80 Eriswidth=80
015211110
width=120 Minor planets
See list

Due to Earth's varying distance from these planets (as well as their distance to the Sun), the limits at which we are able to detect new moons are very inconsistent. As the below graph demonstrates, the maximum absolute magnitude (total inherent brightness, abbreviated H) of moons we have detected around planets occurs at H = 18 for Jupiter, H = 17 for Saturn, H = 14 for Uranus, and H = 12 for Neptune. Smaller moons may (and most likely do) exist around each of these planets, but are currently undetectable from Earth. Although spacecraft have visited all of these planets, Earth-based telescopes continue to outperform them in moon-detection ability due to their greater availability for wide-field surveys.

+Planetary moons by absolute magnitude

List

This is a list of the recognized moons of the planets and of the largest potential dwarf planets of the Solar System, ordered by their official Roman numeral designations. Moons that do not yet have official Roman numeral designations (because their orbits are not yet known well enough) are listed after those that do.

The 19 moons that are known to be large enough to have been rounded by their own gravity are listed in bold. The seven largest moons, which are larger than any of the known dwarf planets, are listed in bold and italic. Sidereal period differs from semi-major axis because a moon's speed depends both on the mass of its primary and its distance from it.

Satellites of planets
Satellite of EarthSatellites of JupiterSatellites of Uranus
Satellites of MarsSatellites of SaturnSatellites of Neptune
Satellites of generally agreed dwarf planets
Satellite of Satellites of PlutoSatellites of Haumea
Satellite of Satellite of MakemakeSatellite of
Satellite of
NameImageParentNumeralMean radius (km)Orbital semi-major axis (km)Sidereal period (d)
(r = retrograde)		Discovery yearYear AnnouncedDiscovered byNotesRef(s)
Moon data-sort-value="001" I (1)384,399 27.321582 — Synchronous rotation (Binary) [12]
data-sort-value="001" I (1)9,380 0.319 1877 1877 [13] [14] [15]
Mars data-sort-value="002" II (2)23,460 1.262 1877 1877
Io data-sort-value="001" I (1) 421,800 1.769 1610 1610 Main-group moon (Galilean) [16]
Europa Jupiter data-sort-value="002" II (2) 671,100 3.551 1610 1610 Main-group moon (Galilean)
Ganymede Jupiter data-sort-value="003" III (3) 1,070,400 7.155 1610 1610 Main-group moon (Galilean)
Callisto Jupiter data-sort-value="004" IV (4) 1,882,700 16.69 1610 1610 Main-group moon (Galilean)
Jupiter data-sort-value="005" V (5)181,400 0.498 1892 1892 Inner moon (Amalthea) [17]
Jupiter data-sort-value="006" VI (6) 11,461,000 250.56 1904 1905 Prograde irregular (Himalia) [18] [19]
Jupiter data-sort-value="007" VII (7) 11,741,000 259.64 1905 1905 Prograde irregular (Himalia) [20]
Jupiter data-sort-value="008" VIII (8) 23,624,000 743.63 (r) 1908 1908 Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae) [21]
Jupiter data-sort-value="009" IX (9) 23,939,000 758.90 (r) 1914 1914 Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae) [22]
Jupiter data-sort-value="010" X (10) 11,717,000 259.20 1938 1938 Prograde irregular (Himalia) [23]
Jupiter data-sort-value="011" XI (11) 23,404,000 734.17 (r) 1938 1938 Retrograde irregular (Carme)
Jupiter data-sort-value="012" XII (12) 21,276,000 629.77 (r) 1951 1951 Retrograde irregular (Ananke) [24]
Jupiter data-sort-value="013" XIII (13) 11,165,000 240.92 1974 1974 Prograde irregular (Himalia) [25]
Jupiter data-sort-value="014" XIV (14) 221,900 0.675 1979 1980 Synnott (Voyager 1) Inner moon (Amalthea) [26]
Jupiter data-sort-value="015" XV (15) 129,000 0.298 1979 1979 Jewitt, Danielson (Voyager 1) Inner moon (Amalthea) [27]
Jupiter data-sort-value="016" XVI (16) 128,000 0.295 1979 1980 Synnott (Voyager 1) Inner moon (Amalthea) [28]
Jupiter data-sort-value="017" XVII (17) 24,103,000 758.77 (r) 1999 2000 Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae) [29]
Jupiter data-sort-value="018" XVIII (18) 7,284,000 130.02 1975/2000 1975/2000 Kowal and Roemer (original); Sheppard, Jewitt, Fernández, Magnier (rediscovery) Prograde irregular (Themisto) [30] [31]
Jupiter data-sort-value="019" XIX (19) 23,493,000 752.86 (r) 2000 2001 Sheppard, Jewitt, Fernández, Magnier, Dahm, Evans Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae) [32]
Jupiter data-sort-value="020" XX (20) 23,280,000 732.41 (r) 2000 2001 Sheppard, Jewitt, Fernández, Magnier, Dahm, Evans Retrograde irregular (Carme)
Jupiter data-sort-value="021" XXI (21) 23,100,000 723.72 (r) 2000 2001 Sheppard, Jewitt, Fernández, Magnier, Dahm, Evans Retrograde irregular (Carme)
Jupiter data-sort-value="022" XXII (22) 20,858,000 623.32 (r) 2000 2001 Sheppard, Jewitt, Fernández, Magnier, Dahm, Evans Retrograde irregular (Ananke)
Jupiter data-sort-value="023" XXIII (23) 23,483,000 742.06 (r) 2000 2001 Sheppard, Jewitt, Fernández, Magnier, Dahm, Evans Retrograde irregular (Carme)
Jupiter data-sort-value="024" XXIV (24) 21,060,000 631.60 (r) 2000 2001 Sheppard, Jewitt, Fernández, Magnier, Dahm, Evans Retrograde irregular (Ananke)
Jupiter data-sort-value="025" XXV (25) 23,196,000 728.46 (r) 2000 2001 Sheppard, Jewitt, Fernández, Magnier, Dahm, Evans Retrograde irregular (Carme)
Jupiter data-sort-value="026" XXVI (26) 23,155,000 726.23 (r) 2000 2001 Sheppard, Jewitt, Fernández, Magnier, Dahm, Evans Retrograde irregular (Carme)
Jupiter data-sort-value="027" XXVII (27) 20,908,000 625.39 (r) 2000 2001 Sheppard, Jewitt, Fernández, Magnier, Dahm, Evans Retrograde irregular (Ananke)
Jupiter data-sort-value="028" XXVIII (28) 24,046,000 760.95 (r) 2001 2002 Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae) [33]
Jupiter data-sort-value="029" XXIX (29) 20,939,000 627.21 (r) 2001 2002 Retrograde irregular (Ananke)
Jupiter data-sort-value="030" XXX (30) 21,131,000 633.9 (r) 2001 2002 Retrograde irregular (Ananke)
Jupiter data-sort-value="031" XXXI (31) 23,229,000 730.18 (r) 2001 2002 Retrograde irregular (Carme)
Jupiter data-sort-value="032" XXXII (32) 22,865,000 717.33 (r) 2001 2002 Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae)
Jupiter data-sort-value="033" XXXIII (33) 20,797,000 620.49 (r) 2001 2002 Retrograde irregular (Ananke)
Jupiter data-sort-value="034" XXXIV (34) 19,304,000 550.74 (r) 2001 2002 Retrograde irregular (Ananke)
Jupiter data-sort-value="035" XXXV (35) 20,720,000 622.56 (r) 2001 2002 Retrograde irregular (Ananke)
Jupiter data-sort-value="036" XXXVI (36) 23,487,000 748.34 (r) 2001 2002 Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae)
Jupiter data-sort-value="037" XXXVII (37) 23,217,000 729.47 (r) 2001 2002 Retrograde irregular (Carme)
Jupiter data-sort-value="038" XXXVIII (38) 23,004,000 719.44 (r) 2001 2002 Retrograde irregular (Carme)
Jupiter data-sort-value="039" XXXIX (39) 23,577,000 739.88 (r) 2003 2003 Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae)
Jupiter data-sort-value="040" XL (40) 21,035,000 620.04 (r) 2003 2003 Gladman, AllenRetrograde irregular (Ananke)
Jupiter data-sort-value="041" XLI (41) 23,980,000 761.50 (r) 2003 2003 Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Fernández, HsiehRetrograde irregular (Pasiphae)
Jupiter data-sort-value="042" XLII (42) 21,164,000 628.09 (r) 2003 2004 Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Gladman, Kavelaars, Petit, AllenRetrograde irregular (Ananke)
Jupiter data-sort-value="043" XLIII (43)23,355,000 731.95 (r) 2002 2002 Retrograde irregular (Carme)
Jupiter data-sort-value="044" XLIV (44) 23,288,000 728.73 (r) 2003 2003 Retrograde irregular (Carme)
Jupiter data-sort-value="045" XLV (45) 21,069,000 626.32 (r) 2003 2003 Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Fernández, HsiehRetrograde irregular (Ananke)
Jupiter data-sort-value="046" XLVI (46) 17,058,000 456.30 2003 2003 Prograde irregular (Carpo)
Jupiter data-sort-value="047" XLVII (47) 23,328,000 730.47 (r) 2003 2003 Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Fernández, HsiehRetrograde irregular (Carme)
Jupiter data-sort-value="048" XLVIII (48) 23,809,000 752 (r) 2003 2003 Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae)
Jupiter data-sort-value="049" XLIX (49) 24,543,000 779.17 (r) 2003 2003 Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae)
Jupiter data-sort-value="050" L (50) 22,983,000 714.51 (r) 2003 2003 Gladman, Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Kavelaars, Petit, AllenRetrograde irregular (Carme)
Jupiter data-sort-value="051" LI (51) 23,314,300 723.2 (r) 2010 2011 Jacobson, Brozović, Gladman, AlexandersenRetrograde irregular (Carme) [34]
Jupiter data-sort-value="052" LII (52) 20,307,200 588.1 (r) 2010 2011 Retrograde irregular (Ananke)
Jupiter data-sort-value="053" LIII (53) 12,118,000 287.0 2000 2001 Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Fernández, HsiehPrograde irregular (Himalia)
Jupiter data-sort-value="054" LIV (54) 20,595,500 602.7 (r) 2016 2017 Retrograde irregular (Ananke)
Jupiter data-sort-value="055" LV (55) 20,274,000 588.0 (r) 2003 2003 Gladman, Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Kavelaars, Petit, AllenRetrograde irregular (Ananke)
Jupiter data-sort-value="056" LVI (56) 23,329,700 726.8 (r) 2011 2012 Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae)
Jupiter data-sort-value="057" LVII (57) 23,731,800 759.7 (r) 2003 2003 Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Fernández, HsiehRetrograde irregular (Carme)
Jupiter data-sort-value="058" LVIII (58) 22,820,000 701.3 (r) 2003 2003 Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae)
Jupiter data-sort-value="059" LIX (59) 23,484,000 734.2 (r) 2017 2017 Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae)
Jupiter data-sort-value="060" LX (60) 21,199,710 627.8 (r) 2003 2003 Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Fernández, HsiehRetrograde irregular (Ananke)
Jupiter data-sort-value="061" LXI (61) 22,757,000 697.6 (r) 2003 2003 Gladman, Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Kavelaars, Petit, AllenRetrograde irregular (Carme)
Jupiter data-sort-value="062" LXII (62) 18,928,100 532.0 2016 2018 Prograde irregular (Valetudo)
Jupiter data-sort-value="063" LXIII (63) 23,241,000 723.8 (r) 2017 2018 Retrograde irregular (Carme)
Jupiter data-sort-value="064" LXIV (64) 20,639,300 605.8 (r) 2017 2018 Retrograde irregular (Ananke)
Jupiter data-sort-value="065" LXV (65) 11,494,800 251.82017 2018 Prograde irregular (Himalia)
Jupiter data-sort-value="066" LXVI (66) 23,169,400 720.5 (r) 2017 2018 Retrograde irregular (Carme)
Jupiter data-sort-value="067" LXVII (67) 22,394,700 684.7 (r) 2017 2018 Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae)
Jupiter data-sort-value="068" LXVIII (68) 20,571,500 602.8 (r) 2017 2018 Retrograde irregular (Ananke)
Jupiter data-sort-value="069" LXIX (69) 23,174,400 720.7 (r) 2017 2018 Retrograde irregular (Carme)
Jupiter data-sort-value="070" LXX (70) 21,430,000 640.9 (r) 2017 2018 Retrograde irregular (Ananke)
Jupiter data-sort-value="071" LXXI (71) 1.5 11,453,000 250.42018 2018 Prograde irregular (Himalia)
Jupiter data-sort-value="072" LXXII (72) 20,155,300 580.7 (r) 2011 2012 Retrograde irregular (Carme)
Jupiter data-sort-value="999" — 20,554,400 602.02 (r) 2003 2003 Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Fernández, HsiehRetrograde irregular (Ananke)
Jupiter data-sort-value="999" — 22,048,600 668.85 (r) 2003 2003 Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Fernández, HsiehRetrograde irregular (Pasiphae)
Jupiter data-sort-value="999" — 24,168,700 767.6 (r) 2003 2003 Retrograde irregular (Carme) [35]
Jupiter data-sort-value="999" — 22,896,000 707.78 (r) 2003 2003 Retrograde irregular (Carme?)
Jupiter data-sort-value="999" — 21,557,700 646.64 (r) 2003 2003 Retrograde irregular (Ananke)
Jupiter data-sort-value="073" — 20,512,500 600.18 (r) 2003 2003 Gladman, Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Kavelaars, Petit, AllenRetrograde irregular (Ananke) [36]
Jupiter data-sort-value="999" — 24,678,100 792.00 (r) 2003 2004 Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae)
Jupiter data-sort-value="999" — 23,088,000 715.4 (r) 2003 2021 Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Gladman, Veillet Retrograde irregular (Carme) [37]
Jupiter data-sort-value="999" — 11,797,200 261.77 2011 2022 Sheppard Prograde irregular (Himalia) [38]
Jupiter data-sort-value="999" — 22,213,500 676.37 (r) 2016 2023 Sheppard Retrograde irregular (Carme) [39]
Jupiter data-sort-value="999" — 23,664,100 743.69 (r) 2016 2023 Sheppard Retrograde irregular (Pasiphae) [40]
Jupiter data-sort-value="999" — 11,467,500 250.88 2018 2022 Sheppard Prograde irregular (Himalia) [41]
Jupiter data-sort-value="999" — 22,826,600 704.56 (r) 2018 2023 Sheppard Retrograde irregular (Carme) [42]
Jupiter data-sort-value="999" — 16,504,300 433.16 2018 2023 Sheppard Prograde irregular (Carpo) [43]
Jupiter data-sort-value="999" — 20,667,200 606.99 (r) 2021 2023 Sheppard Retrograde irregular (Ananke) [44]
Jupiter data-sort-value="999" — 21,140,600 627.96 (r) 2021 2023 Sheppard Retrograde irregular (Ananke) [45]
Jupiter data-sort-value="999" — 21,495,700 643.85 (r) 2021 2023 Sheppard Retrograde irregular (Ananke) [46]
Jupiter data-sort-value="999" — 22,946,700 710.13 (r) 2021 2023 Sheppard Retrograde irregular (Carme) [47]
Jupiter data-sort-value="999" — 22,831,800 704.80 (r) 2021 2023 Sheppard, Tholen, Trujillo Retrograde irregular (Carme) [48]
Jupiter data-sort-value="999" — 23,427,200 732.55 (r) 2021 2023 Sheppard, Tholen, Trujillo Retrograde irregular (Carme) [49]
Jupiter data-sort-value="999" — 22,015,500 667.34 (r) 2022 2023 Sheppard Retrograde irregular (Carme) [50]
Jupiter data-sort-value="999" — 22,413,200 685.51 (r) 2022 2023 Sheppard Retrograde irregular (Carme) [51]
Jupiter data-sort-value="999" — 20,912,400 617.82 (r) 2022 2023 Sheppard Retrograde irregular (Ananke) [52]
Mimas data-sort-value="001" I (1) 185,540 0.942 1789 1789 Main-group moon
Enceladus Saturn data-sort-value="002" II (2) 238,040 1.370 1789 1789 Main-group moon
Tethys Saturn data-sort-value="003" III (3) 294,670 1.888 1684 1686 Main-group moon (Sidera Lodoicea)
Dione Saturn data-sort-value="004" IV (4) 377,420 2.737 1684 1686 Main-group moon (Sidera Lodoicea)
Rhea Saturn data-sort-value="005" V (5) 527,070 4.518 1672 1673 Main-group moon (Sidera Lodoicea)
Titan Saturn data-sort-value="006" VI (6) 1,221,870 15.95 1655 1656 Main-group moon
Saturn data-sort-value="007" VII (7) 1,500,880 21.28 1848 1848 Main-group moon
Iapetus Saturn data-sort-value="008" VIII (8) 3,560,840 79.33 1671 1673 Main-group moon (Sidera Lodoicea)
Saturn data-sort-value="009" IX (9) 12,947,780 550.31 (r) 1898 1899 Retrograde irregular (Norse)
Saturn data-sort-value="010" X (10) 151,460 0.695 1966/1980 1967/1980 Dollfus
Voyager 1 (confirmed)
Inner moon (co-orbital)
Saturn data-sort-value="011" XI (11) 151,410 0.694 1966/1980 1967/1980 Walker
Voyager 1 (confirmed)
Inner moon (co-orbital)
Saturndata-sort-value="012" XII (12) 377,420 2.737 1980 1980 Laques, Lecacheux
Saturn data-sort-value="013" XIII (13) 294,710 1.888 1980/1981 1980 Smith, Reitsema, Larson, Fountain (Voyager 1)
Saturn data-sort-value="014" XIV (14) 294,710 1.888 1980/1981 1980 Pascu, Seidelmann, Baum, Currie
Saturn data-sort-value="015" XV (15) 137,670 0.602 1980 1980 Terrile (Voyager 1) Inner moon (shepherd)
Saturn data-sort-value="016" XVI (16) 139,380 0.613 1980 1980 Collins (Voyager 1) Inner moon (shepherd)
Saturn data-sort-value="017" XVII (17) 141,720 0.629 1980 1980 Collins (Voyager 1) Inner moon (shepherd)
Saturn data-sort-value="018" XVIII (18) 133,580 0.575 1981 1990 Showalter (Voyager 2) Inner moon (shepherd)
Saturn data-sort-value="019" XIX (19) 23,140,400 1,315.58 (r) 2000 2000 Retrograde irregular (Norse)
Saturn data-sort-value="020" XX (20) 15,200,000 686.95 2000 2000 Prograde irregular (Inuit) (Paaliaq)
Saturn data-sort-value="021" XXI (21) 17,983,000 926.23 2000 2000 Prograde irregular (Gallic)
Saturn data-sort-value="022" XXII (22) 11,124,000 451.42 2000 2000 Prograde irregular (Inuit) (Kiviuq)
Saturn data-sort-value="023" XXIII (23) 19,459,000 1,016.67 (r) 2000 2000 Retrograde irregular (Norse)
Saturn data-sort-value="024" XXIV (24) 11,110,000 449.22 2000 2000 Prograde irregular (Inuit) (Kiviuq)
Saturn data-sort-value="025" XXV (25) 18,628,000 952.77 (r) 2000 2000 Retrograde irregular (Norse)
Saturn data-sort-value="026" XXVI (26) 16,182,000 783.45 2000 2000 Prograde irregular (Gallic)
Saturn data-sort-value="027" XXVII (27) 15,540,000 728.20 (r) 2000 2000 Retrograde irregular (Norse)
Saturn data-sort-value="028" XXVIII (28) 17,343,000 871.19 2000 2000 Prograde irregular (Gallic)
Saturn data-sort-value="029" XXIX (29) 18,015,400 896.44 2000 2000 Prograde irregular (Inuit) (Siarnaq)
Saturn data-sort-value="030" XXX (30) 20,314,000 1,094.11 (r) 2000 2000 Retrograde irregular (Norse)
Saturndata-sort-value="031" XXXI (31) 19,007,000 1,003.86 (r) 2003 2003 Retrograde irregular (Norse)
Saturn data-sort-value="032" XXXII (32) 194,440 1.010 2004 2004 Porco, Charnoz, Brahic, Dones (Cassini–Huygens)
Saturn data-sort-value="033" XXXIII (33) 212,280 1.154 1981/2004 2004 Gordon, Murray, Beurle, et al. (Cassini–Huygens)
Saturn data-sort-value="034" XXXIV (34) 377,200 2.737 2004 2004 Porco et al. (Cassini–Huygens)
Saturn data-sort-value="035" XXXV (35) 136,500 0.594 2005 2005 Porco et al. (Cassini–Huygens) Inner moon (shepherd)
AegirSaturn data-sort-value="036" XXXVI (36)20,751,000 1,117.52 (r) 2004 2005 Retrograde irregular (Norse)
BebhionnSaturn data-sort-value="037" XXXVII (37)17,119,000 834.84 2004 2005 Prograde irregular (Gallic)
BergelmirSaturn data-sort-value="038" XXXVIII (38)19,336,000 1,005.74 (r) 2004 2005 Retrograde irregular (Norse)
BestlaSaturn data-sort-value="039" XXXIX (39)20,192,000 1,088.72 (r) 2004 2005 Retrograde irregular (Norse)
FarbautiSaturn data-sort-value="040" XL (40)20,377,000 1,085.55 (r) 2004 2005 Retrograde irregular (Norse)
FenrirSaturn data-sort-value="041" XLI (41) 22,454,000 1,260.35 (r) 2004 2005 Retrograde irregular (Norse)
FornjotSaturn data-sort-value="042" XLII (42)25,146,000 1,494.2 (r) 2004 2005 Retrograde irregular (Norse)
HatiSaturn data-sort-value="043" XLIII (43)19,846,000 1,038.61 (r) 2004 2005 Retrograde irregular (Norse)
Saturn data-sort-value="044" XLIV (44)18,437,000 931.86 (r) 2004 2006 Retrograde irregular (Norse)
Saturn data-sort-value="045" XLV (45) 22,089,000 1,230.97 (r) 2006 2006 Retrograde irregular (Norse)
Saturn data-sort-value="046" XLVI (46) 23,058,000 1,311.36 (r) 2006 2006 Retrograde irregular (Norse)
Saturn data-sort-value="047" XLVII (47)17,665,000 878.29 (r) 2006 2006 Retrograde irregular (Norse)
Saturn data-sort-value="048" XLVIII (48) 22,704,000 1,297.36 (r) 2006 2006 Retrograde irregular (Norse)
AntheSaturn data-sort-value="049" XLIX (49) 197,700 1.0365 2007 2007 Porco et al. (Cassini–Huygens) [53]
JarnsaxaSaturn data-sort-value="050" L (50) 18,811,000 964.74 (r) 2006 2006 Retrograde irregular (Norse)
GreipSaturn data-sort-value="051" LI (51) 18,206,000 921.19 (r) 2006 2006 Retrograde irregular (Norse)
TarqeqSaturn data-sort-value="052" LII (52) 18,009,000 887.48 2007 2007 Prograde irregular (Inuit) (Siarnaq)
Saturn data-sort-value="053" LIII (53) 167,500 0.808 2008 2009 [54] [55]
Saturn data-sort-value="054" LIV (54) 19,418,000 1,010.55 (r) 2004 2019 Retrograde irregular (Norse) [56]
Saturn data-sort-value="055" LV (55) 20,636,000 1,107.13 (r) 2004 2019 Retrograde irregular (Norse) [57]
Saturn data-sort-value="056" LVI (56) 21,163,000 1,149.82 (r) 2004 2019 Retrograde irregular (Norse) [58]
Saturn data-sort-value="057" LVII (57) 21,174,000 1,150.69 (r) 2004 2019 Retrograde irregular (Norse) [59]
Saturn data-sort-value="058" LVIII (58) 26,676,000 1,627.18 (r) 2004 2019 Retrograde irregular (Norse) [60]
Saturn data-sort-value="059" LIX (59) 19,976,000 1,054.45 (r) 2004 2019 Sheppard, Jewitt, Kleyna, Marsden, Jacobson Retrograde irregular (Norse) [61]
Saturn data-sort-value="060" LX (60) 16,981,000 826.44 2004 2019 Prograde irregular (Gallic) [62]
Saturn data-sort-value="061" LXI (61) 20,396,000 1,087.84 (r) 2004 2019 Retrograde irregular (Norse) [63]
Saturn data-sort-value="062" LXII (62) 21,214,000 1,153.96 (r) 2004 2019 Retrograde irregular (Norse) [64]
Saturn data-sort-value="063" LXIII (63) 24,168,000 1,403.18 (r) 2004 2019 Retrograde irregular (Norse) [65]
Saturn data-sort-value="064" LXIV (64) 24,299,000 1,414.59 (r) 2004 2019 Retrograde irregular (Norse) [66]
Saturn data-sort-value="065" LXV (65) 22,412,000 1,253.08 (r) 2004 2019 Retrograde irregular (Norse) [67]
Saturn data-sort-value="066" LXVI (66) 21,908,000 1,211.02 (r) 2004 2019 Retrograde irregular (Norse) [68]
Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 20,999,000 1,140.24 (r) 2004 2005 Retrograde irregular (Norse?)
Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 19,878,000 1,046.19 (r) 2004 2005 Retrograde irregular (Norse)
Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 18,404,000 933.48 (r) 2004 2005 Retrograde irregular (Norse?)
Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 19,447,000 1,014.70 (r) 2004 2005 Retrograde irregular (Norse?)
Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 22,645,000 1,272.61 (r) 2004 2019 Retrograde irregular (Norse) [69]
Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 22,901,000 1,294.25 2004 2019 Prograde irregular (group unknown, possibly Gallic) [70]
Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 22,020,000 1,220.31 (r) 2004 2019 Retrograde irregular (Norse?) [71]
Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 17,568,000 869.65 2004 2019 Prograde irregular (Inuit) (Siarnaq) [72]
Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 23,192,000 1,319.07 (r) 2004 2019 Retrograde irregular (Norse) [73]
Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 15,892,000 748.18 (r) 2004 2019 Retrograde irregular (Norse) [74]
Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 23,575,000 1,351.83 (r) 2004 2019 Retrograde irregular (Norse) [75]
S/2004 S 40Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 16,075,600 765.92 (r)2004 2023 Sheppard et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [76]
S/2004 S 41Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 18,095,000 895.76 (r)2004 2023 Sheppard et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [77]
S/2004 S 42Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 18,240,800 910.61 (r)2004 2023 Sheppard et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [78]
S/2004 S 43Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 18,935,000 971.48 (r)2004 2023 Sheppard et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [79]
S/2004 S 44Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 19,515,400 1,014.98 (r)2004 2023 Sheppard et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [80]
S/2004 S 45Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 19,693,600 1,058.95 (r)2004 2023 Sheppard et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [81]
S/2004 S 46Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 20,513,000 1,107.57 (r)2004 2023 Sheppard et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [82]
S/2004 S 47Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 16,050,600 755.69 (r)2004 2023 Sheppard et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [83]
S/2004 S 48Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 22,136,700 1,248.52 (r)2004 2023 Sheppard et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [84]
S/2004 S 49Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 22,399,700 1,290.34 (r)2004 2023 Sheppard et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [85]
S/2004 S 50Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 22,346,000 1,219.11 (r)2004 2023 Sheppard et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [86]
S/2004 S 51Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 25,208,200 1,544.65 (r)2004 2023 Sheppard et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [87]
S/2004 S 52Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 26,448,100 1,573.49 (r)2004 2023 Sheppard et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [88]
S/2004 S 53Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 23,279,800 1,367.72 (r)2004 2023 Sheppard et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [89]
S/2005 S 4Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 11,324,500 448.632005 2023 Sheppard et al. Prograde irregular (Inuit) (Kiviuq) [90]
S/2005 S 5Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 21,366,200 1,138.62 (r)2005 2023 Sheppard et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [91]
Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 18,790,000 963.37 (r) 2006 2006 Retrograde irregular (Norse)
Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 22,096,000 1,227.21 (r) 2006 2006 Retrograde irregular (Norse)
S/2006 S 9Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 14,406,600 648.71 (r)2006 2023 Sheppard et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [92]
S/2006 S 10Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 18,979,900 965.26 (r)2006 2023 Sheppard et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [93]
S/2006 S 11Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 19,711,900 1,018.45 (r)2006 2023 Sheppard et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [94]
S/2006 S 12Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 19,569,800 1,043.162006 2023 Sheppard et al. Prograde irregular (group unknown, possibly Gallic) [95]
S/2006 S 13Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 19,953,800 1,061.74 (r)2006 2023 Sheppard et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [96]
S/2006 S 14Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 21,062,100 1,150.64 (r)2006 2023 Sheppard et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [97]
S/2006 S 15Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 21,799,400 1,183.57 (r)2006 2023 Sheppard et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [98]
S/2006 S 16Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 21,720,700 1,217.36 (r)2006 2023 Sheppard et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [99]
S/2006 S 17Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 22,384,900 1,262.48 (r)2006 2023 Sheppard et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [100]
S/2006 S 18Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 22,760,700 1,324.09 (r)2006 2023 Sheppard et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [101]
S/2006 S 19Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 23,801,100 1,324.68 (r)2006 2023 Sheppard et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [102]
S/2006 S 20Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 13,193,800 563.89 (r)2006 2023 Sheppard et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [103]
Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 16,725,000 808.08 (r) 2007 2007 Retrograde irregular (Norse)
Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 18,975,000 977.8 (r) 2007 2007 Retrograde irregular (Norse?)
S/2007 S 5Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 15,835,700 748.50 (r)2007 2023 Sheppard et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [104]
S/2007 S 6Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 18,544,900 944.31 (r)2007 2023 Sheppard et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [105]
S/2007 S 7Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 15,931,700 742.79 (r)2007 2023 Sheppard et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [106]
S/2007 S 8Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 17,049,000 826.942007 2023 Sheppard et al. Prograde irregular (Gallic) [107]
S/2007 S 9Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 20,174,600 1,099.69 (r)2007 2023 Sheppard et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [108]
Saturndata-sort-value="999" — 117,000 0.471 2009 2009 [109]
Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 11,221,000 443.8 2019 2021 Ashton, Gladman, Petit, Alexandersen Prograde irregular (Inuit) (Kiviuq) [110]
S/2019 S 2Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 16,559,900 796.22 (r)2019 2023 Ashton et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [111]
S/2019 S 3Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 17,077,200 836.68 (r)2019 2023 Ashton et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [112]
S/2019 S 4Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 17,956,700 898.40 (r)2019 2023 Ashton et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [113]
S/2019 S 5Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 19,076,900 971.54 (r)2019 2023 Ashton et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [114]
S/2019 S 6Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 18,198,700 905.412019 2023 Ashton et al. Prograde irregular (Inuit) (Siarnaq) [115]
S/2019 S 7Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 20,181,300 1,093.86 (r)2019 2023 Ashton et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [116]
S/2019 S 8Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 20,284,400 1,080.60 (r)2019 2023 Ashton et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [117]
S/2019 S 9Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 20,359,000 1,104.27 (r)2019 2023 Ashton et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [118]
S/2019 S 10Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 20,713,400 1,129.53 (r)2019 2023 Ashton et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [119]
S/2019 S 11Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 20,663,700 1,097.33 (r)2019 2023 Ashton et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [120]
S/2019 S 12Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 20,904,500 1,130.40 (r)2019 2023 Ashton et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [121]
S/2019 S 13Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 20,965,800 1,132.90 (r)2019 2023 Ashton et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [122]
S/2019 S 14Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 17,853,000 902.002019 2023 Ashton et al. Prograde irregular (Inuit) (Siarnaq) [123]
S/2019 S 15Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 21,189,700 1,156.21 (r)2019 2023 Ashton et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [124]
S/2019 S 16Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 23,266,700 1,360.26 (r)2019 2023 Ashton et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [125]
S/2019 S 17Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 22,724,100 1,322.15 (r)2019 2023 Ashton et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [126]
S/2019 S 18Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 23,140,700 1,349.74 (r)2019 2023 Ashton et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [127]
S/2019 S 19Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 23,047,200 1,342.57 (r)2019 2023 Ashton et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [128]
S/2019 S 20Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 23,678,600 1,343.58 (r)2019 2023 Ashton et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [129]
S/2019 S 21Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 26,439,000 1,572.06 (r)2019 2023 Ashton et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [130]
S/2020 S 1Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 11,338,700 450.832020 2023 Ashton et al. Prograde irregular (Inuit) (Kiviuq) [131]
S/2020 S 2Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 17,869,300 907.00 (r)2020 2023 Ashton et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [132]
S/2020 S 3Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 18,054,700 896.352020 2023 Ashton et al. Prograde irregular (Inuit) (Siarnaq) [133]
S/2020 S 4Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 18,235,500 910.342020 2023 Ashton et al. Prograde irregular (Gallic) [134]
S/2020 S 5Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 18,391,300 933.522020 2023 Ashton et al. Prograde irregular (Inuit) (Siarnaq) [135]
S/2020 S 6Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 21,265,300 1,149.11 (r)2020 2023 Ashton et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [136]
S/2020 S 7Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 17,400,000 844.85 (r)2020 2023 Ashton et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [137]
S/2020 S 8Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 21,966,700 1,201.72 (r)2020 2023 Ashton et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [138]
S/2020 S 9Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 25,434,100 1,565.23 (r)2020 2023 Ashton et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [139]
S/2020 S 10Saturn data-sort-value="999" — 25,314,800 1,479.87 (r)2020 2023 Ashton et al. Retrograde irregular (Norse) [140]
Ariel data-sort-value="001" I (1) 190,9002.520 1851 1851 Main-group moon
Umbriel Uranus data-sort-value="002" II (2) 266,000 4.144 1851 1851 Main-group moon
Titania Uranus data-sort-value="003" III (3) 436,300 8.706 1787 1787 Main-group moon
Oberon Uranus data-sort-value="004" IV (4) 583,500 13.46 1787 1787 Main-group moon
Miranda Uranus data-sort-value="005" V (5) 129,900 1.413 1948 1949 Main-group moon
Uranus data-sort-value="006" VI (6) 49,800 0.335 1986 1986 Terrile (Voyager 2) Inner moon (shepherd)
Uranus data-sort-value="007" VII (7) 53,800 0.376 1986 1986 Terrile (Voyager 2) Inner moon (shepherd)
Uranus data-sort-value="008" VIII (8) 59,200 0.435 1986 1986 Smith (Voyager 2)
Uranus data-sort-value="009" IX (9) 61,800 0.464 1986 1986 Synnott (Voyager 2)
Uranus data-sort-value="010" X (10) 62,700 0.474 1986 1986 Synnott (Voyager 2)
Uranus data-sort-value="011" XI (11) 64,400 0.493 1986 1986 Synnott (Voyager 2)
Uranus data-sort-value="012" XII (12) 66,100 0.513 1986 1986 Synnott (Voyager 2)
Uranus data-sort-value="013" XIII (13) 69,900 0.558 1986 1986 Synnott (Voyager 2)
Uranus data-sort-value="014" XIV (14) 75,300 0.624 1986 1986 Synnott (Voyager 2)
Uranus data-sort-value="015" XV (15) 86,000 0.762 1985 1986 Synnott (Voyager 2)
Uranus data-sort-value="016" XVI (16) 7,231,100579.73 (r) 1997 1997 Retrograde irregular (Caliban) [141]
Uranus data-sort-value="017" XVII (17) 12,179,400 1,288.38 (r) 1997 1997
Uranus data-sort-value="018" XVIII (18) 16,256,000 1,978.29 (r) 1999 1999
Uranus data-sort-value="019" XIX (19) 17,418,000 2,225.21 (r) 1999 1999
Uranus data-sort-value="020" XX (20) 8,004,000 677.36 (r) 1999 1999 Retrograde irregular (Caliban)
Uranus data-sort-value="021" XXI (21) 8,504,000 749.24 (r) 2001 2002
FranciscoUranus data-sort-value="022" XXII (22) 4,276,000 266.56 (r) 2001 2003
MargaretUranus data-sort-value="023" XXIII (23) 14,345,000 1,687.01 2003 2003
FerdinandUranus data-sort-value="024" XXIV (24) 20,901,000 2,887.21 (r) 2001 2003 Holman, Kavelaars, Milisavljevic, et al.
Uranus data-sort-value="025" XXV (25) 76,417 0.638 1986 1999/2003 Karkoschka (Voyager 2)
Uranus data-sort-value="026" XXVI (26) 97,736 0.923 2003 2003
Uranus data-sort-value="027" XXVII (27) 74,392 0.613 2003 2003
S/2023 U 1Uranus data-sort-value="999" — 7,978,000 680.76 (r) 2023 2024 Sheppard Retrograde irregular (Caliban) [142]
Triton data-sort-value="001" I (1) 354,800 5.877 (r) 1846 1846
Neptune data-sort-value="002" II (2) 5,513,820 360.14 1949 1949 [143]
Neptune data-sort-value="003" III (3) 48,224 0.294 1989 1989 Terrile (Voyager 2)
Neptune data-sort-value="004" IV (4) 50,075 0.311 1989 1989 Terrile (Voyager 2)
Neptune data-sort-value="005" V (5) 52,526 0.335 1989 1989 Synnott (Voyager 2)
Neptune data-sort-value="006" VI (6) 61,953 0.429 1989 1989 Synnott (Voyager 2)
Neptune data-sort-value="007" VII (7) 73,548 0.555 1981/1989 1981/1989 Reitsema, Hubbard, Lebofsky, Tholen (Voyager 2)
Neptune data-sort-value="008" VIII (8) 117,647 1.122 1989 1989 Synnott (Voyager 2)
HalimedeNeptune data-sort-value="009" IX (9) 15,728,000 1,879.71 (r) 2002 2003
PsamatheNeptune data-sort-value="010" X (10) 46,695,000 9,115.91 (r) 2003 2003 Retrograde irregular (Neso)
SaoNeptune data-sort-value="011" XI (11) 22,422,000 2,914.07 2002 2003 Prograde irregular (Sao)
LaomedeiaNeptune data-sort-value="012" XII (12) 23,571,000 3,167.85 2002 2003 Prograde irregular (Sao)
NesoNeptune data-sort-value="013" XIII (13) 48,387,000 9,740.73 (r) 2002 2003 Retrograde irregular (Neso)
HippocampNeptune data-sort-value="014" XIV (14) 105,283 0.9362 2004/2013 2013 Showalter et al. [144]
S/2002 N 5Neptune data-sort-value="999" — 23,365,200 3,141.26 2002 2024 Holman, Kavelaars, Grav, Fraser Prograde irregular (Sao) [145]
S/2021 N 1Neptune data-sort-value="999" — 50,623,600 10,017.93 (r) 2021 2024 Sheppard, Tholen, Trujillo, Lykawka Retrograde irregular (Neso) [146]
Vanthdata-sort-value="001" I (1) 9.5392005 2007 Brown & Suer Synchronous rotation (Binary) [147]
Charon data-sort-value="001" I (1) 19,591 6.387 1978 1978 Synchronous rotation (Binary)
Pluto data-sort-value="002" II (2) 22.5 48,671 24.85 2005 2005 Weaver, Stern, Buie, et al.
Pluto data-sort-value="003" III (3) 27.5 64,698 38.20 2005 2005 Weaver, Stern, Buie, et al.
Pluto data-sort-value="004" IV (4) 7 57,729 32.17 2011 2011 Showalter (Hubble) [148] [149]
Pluto data-sort-value="005" V (5) 5.5 42,393 20.16 2012 2012 Showalter (Hubble) [150]
data-sort-value="001" I (1) 49,880 49.12 2005 2005 Brown et al. [151] [152]
Haumea data-sort-value="002" II (2) 25,657 18.2783 2005 2005 Brown et al. [153]
data-sort-value="001" I (1) [154] 12.438 2006 2007 Brown [155]
data-sort-value="999" — 2015 2016 Parker et al. [156] [157]
data-sort-value="001" I (1) 2010 2016 Marton, Kiss & Müller assuming a prograde orbit
Dysnomiadata-sort-value="001" I (1) 15.786 2005 2005 Brown, Rabinowitz, Trujillo et al. Synchronous rotation (Binary) [158]

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Ice in the Solar System – NASA . 3 October 2019 . 9 May 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210509123911/https://mobile.arc.nasa.gov/public/iexplore/missions/pages/yss/april2012.html . live .
  2. Warell . J. . Karlsson, O. . 2007 . A search for natural satellites of Mercury . Planetary and Space Science . 55 . 14 . 2037–2041 . 2007P&SS...55.2037W . 10.1016/j.pss.2007.06.004.
  3. Web site: Solar System Exploration: Planets: Venus: Moons . https://web.archive.org/web/20160211051705/http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/venus/moons . 11 February 2016 . 16 March 2008 . NASA.
  4. Sheppard . Scott . etal . 2004 . A Survey for Outer Satellites of Mars: Limits to Completeness . The Astronomical Journal . 128 . 5 . 2542–2546 . astro-ph/0409522 . 2004AJ....128.2542S . 10.1086/424541 . 45681283.
  5. Buie . Marc W. . Grundy . William M. . Young . Eliot F. . Young . Leslie A. . Stern . S. Alan . 2006 . Orbits and Photometry of Pluto's Satellites: Charon, S/2005 P1, and S/2005 P2 . The Astronomical Journal . 132 . 1 . 290–298 . astro-ph/0512491 . 2006AJ....132..290B . 10.1086/504422 . 119386667. . a, i, e per JPL (site updated 2008 Aug 25)
  6. Bieryla . Allyson . Parker . J. W. . December 2006 . Search for Satellites around Ceres . 2007 AAS/AAPT Joint Meeting, American Astronomical Society Meeting 209, #25.02; Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society . 38 . 933 . 2006AAS...209.2502B.
  7. Web site: Johnston . W. R. . 30 December 2008 . (136199) Eris and Dysnomia . 2016-12-01 . Johnston's Archive . 11 May 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200511123019/http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/astro/astmoons/am-136199.html . live .
  8. Web site: How many dwarf planets are there in the outer solar system? . California Institute of Technology . Michael E. Brown . Michael E. Brown . 13 September 2019. 9 February 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20191013130649/http://web.gps.caltech.edu/~mbrown/dps.html. 13 October 2019.
  9. 2010. Physical and dynamical characteristics of icy "dwarf planets" (plutoids). Icy Bodies of the Solar System: Proceedings IAU Symposium No. 263, 2009. Tancredi, G.. 263. 173–185. 10.1017/S1743921310001717. 2010IAUS..263..173T. free.
  10. Grundy . W.M. . Noll . K.S. . Buie . M.W. . Benecchi . S.D. . Ragozzine . D. . Roe . H.G. . The mutual orbit, mass, and density of transneptunian binary Gǃkúnǁʼhòmdímà . Icarus . December 2019 . 334 . 30–38 . 10.1016/j.icarus.2018.12.037 . 2019Icar..334...30G . 126574999 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20190407045339/http://www2.lowell.edu/~grundy/abstracts/preprints/2019.G-G.pdf . 2019-04-07 .
  11. Web site: Johnston . Wm. Robert . 1 October 2022 . 23 October 2022 . Asteroids with Satellites . Johnston's Archive . 18 December 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191218214655/http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/astro/asteroidmoons.html . live .
  12. Wieczorek . M. . etal . 2006 . The constitution and structure of the lunar interior . Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry . 60 . 1 . 221–364 . 2006RvMG...60..221W . 10.2138/rmg.2006.60.3 . 130734866.
  13. 20 September 1877 . Notes: The Satellites of Mars . The Observatory . 1 . 6 . 181–185 . 1877Obs.....1..181. . 9 March 2008 . 19 May 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190519171850/http://adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/Obs../0001//0000181.000.html . live .
  14. Web site: 19 February 2015 . Planetary Satellite Physical Parameters . 1 February 2016 . . 1 November 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131101144111/http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/?sat_phys_par . live ., and references therein.
  15. Web site: 23 August 2013 . Planetary Satellite Mean Orbital Parameters . 1 February 2016 . . 3 November 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131103134221/http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/?sat_elem . live ., and references therein.
  16. Showman . Adam P. . Malhotra, Renu . 1999 . The Galilean Satellites . Science . 286 . 5437 . 77–84 . 10.1126/science.286.5437.77 . 10506564 . 10 March 2008 . 14 May 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110514231040/http://www.lpl.arizona.edu/~showman/publications/showman-malhotra-1999.pdf . dead .
  17. Barnard . E. E. . 1892 . Discovery and Observation of a Fifth Satellite to Jupiter . . 12 . 81–85 . 1892AJ.....12...81B . 10.1086/101715 . 10 March 2008 . 15 May 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200515004107/http://adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/AJ.../0012//0000081.000.html . live .
  18. Crommelin . A. C. D. . 10 March 1905 . Provisional Elements of Jupiter's Satellite VI . . 65 . 5 . 524–527 . 1905MNRAS..65..524C . 10.1093/mnras/65.5.524 . free . 6 September 2019 . 16 July 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230716101011/https://zenodo.org/record/1431871 . live .
  19. Porco . Carolyn C. . etal . March 2003 . Cassini Imaging of Jupiter's Atmosphere, Satellites, and Rings . Science . 299 . 5612 . 1541–1547 . 2003Sci...299.1541P . 10.1126/science.1079462 . 12624258 . 20150275 . 25 March 2016 . 25 July 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180725153330/https://www.researchgate.net/publication/10867818 . live .
  20. Perrine . C. D. . 1905 . The Seventh Satellite of Jupiter . Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific . 17 . 101 . 62–63 . 1905PASP...17...56. . 10.1086/121624 . 40691209 . free.
  21. Melotte . P. J. . 1908 . Note on the Newly Discovered Eighth Satellite of Jupiter, Photographed at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . 68 . 6 . 456–457 . 1908MNRAS..68..456. . 10.1093/mnras/68.6.456 . free.
  22. Nicholson . S. B. . 1914 . Discovery of the Ninth Satellite of Jupiter . Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific . 26 . 1 . 197–198 . 1914PASP...26..197N . 10.1086/122336 . . 16586574 . 10 March 2008 . 19 May 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190519163415/http://adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/PASP./0026//0000197.000.html . live .
  23. Nicholson . S.B. . 1938 . Two New Satellites of Jupiter . Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific . 50 . 297 . 292–293 . 1938PASP...50..292N . 10.1086/124963 . 120216615 . 10 March 2008 . 11 May 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200511123030/http://adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/PASP./0050//0000292.000.html . live .
  24. Nicholson . S. B. . 1951 . An unidentified object near Jupiter, probably a new satellite . Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific . 63 . 375 . 297–299 . 1951PASP...63..297N . 10.1086/126402 . free . 13 March 2008 . 20 May 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190520032646/http://adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/PASP./0063//0000297.000.html . live .
  25. Kowal . C. T. . Aksnes, K. . Marsden, B. G. . Roemer, E. . 1974 . Thirteenth satellite of Jupiter . Astronomical Journal . 80 . 460–464 . 1975AJ.....80..460K . 10.1086/111766 . free . 13 March 2008 . 16 May 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200516181644/http://adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/AJ.../0080//0000460.000.html . live .
  26. Synnott . S.P. . 1980 . 1979J2: The Discovery of a Previously Unknown Jovian Satellite . Science . 210 . 4471 . 786–788 . 1980Sci...210..786S . 10.1126/science.210.4471.786 . 0036-8075 . 1684562 . 17739548.
  27. Jewitt . D. C. . Danielson, G.E. . Synnott, S.P. . 1979 . Discovery of a New Jupiter Satellite . Science . 206 . 4421 . 951 . 1979Sci...206..951J . 10.1126/science.206.4421.951 . 0036-8075 . 1749286 . 17733911 . 6391249.
  28. Synnott . S.P. . 1981 . 1979J3: Discovery of a Previously Unknown Satellite of Jupiter . Science . 212 . 4501 . 1392 . 1981Sci...212.1392S . 10.1126/science.212.4501.1392 . 0036-8075 . 1686790 . 17746259.
  29. Web site: 20 July 2000 . IAUC 7460: S/1999 J 1 . 8 January 2011 . 26 April 2006 . https://web.archive.org/web/20060426014719/http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/iauc/07400/07460.html . live .
  30. Web site: 3 October 1975 . IAUC 2845: Probable New Satellite of Jupiter . 8 January 2011 . 28 October 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20171028053405/http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/02800/02845.html . live .
  31. Web site: 25 November 2000 . IAUC 7525: S/1975 J 1 = S/2000 J 1 . 8 January 2011 . 16 September 2002 . https://web.archive.org/web/20020916000608/http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/iauc/07500/07525.html . live .
  32. Web site: 5 January 2001 . IAUC 7555: Satellites of Jupiter . 8 January 2011 . 16 September 2002 . https://web.archive.org/web/20020916000558/http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/iauc/07500/07555.html . live .
  33. Web site: 16 May 2002 . IAUC 7900: Satellites of Jupiter . 8 January 2011 . 13 August 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170813013439/http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/07900/07900.html . live .
  34. Web site: Jupiter's Known Satellites . https://web.archive.org/web/20150318034833/http://home.dtm.ciw.edu/users/sheppard/satellites/jupsatdata.html . 18 March 2015 . 25 March 2016.
  35. Web site: 5 November 2020 . MPEC 2020-V19: S/2003 J 9 . Minor Planet Electronic Circular . Minor Planet Center . 5 November 2020 . 5 November 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201105205832/https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K20/K20V19.html . live .
  36. Web site: 4 November 2020 . MPEC 2020-V10: S/2003 J 16 . Minor Planet Electronic Circular . Minor Planet Center . 4 November 2020 . 4 November 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201104190349/https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K20/K20V10.html . live .
  37. Web site: MPEC 2021-V333: S/2003 J 24 . 16 November 2021 . minorplanetcenter.net . 16 November 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211116032237/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K21/K21VX3.html . live .
  38. Web site: MPEC 2022-Y69: S/2011 J 3 . minorplanetcenter.net . 20 December 2023 . 21 December 2022 . 21 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221221030227/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K22/K22Y69.html . live .
  39. Web site: MPEC 2023-A13: S/2016 J 3 . minorplanetcenter.net . 5 January 2023 . 5 January 2023 . 6 January 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230106023803/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23A13.html . live .
  40. Web site: MPEC 2023-B96: S/2016 J 4 . minorplanetcenter.net . 24 January 2023 . 24 January 2023 . 24 January 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230124190815/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23B96.html . live .
  41. Web site: MPEC 2022-Y68: S/2018 J 2 . minorplanetcenter.net . 20 December 2023 . 21 December 2022 . 21 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20221221024636/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K22/K22Y68.html . live .
  42. Web site: MPEC 2023-B38: S/2018 J 3 . minorplanetcenter.net . 19 January 2023 . 19 January 2023 . 19 January 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230119182812/https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23B38.html . live .
  43. Web site: MPEC 2023-B51: S/2018 J 4 . minorplanetcenter.net . 20 January 2023 . 20 January 2023 . 21 January 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230121011910/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23B51.html . live .
  44. Web site: MPEC 2023-A14: S/2021 J 1 . minorplanetcenter.net . 5 January 2023 . 5 January 2023 . 6 January 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230106023900/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23A14.html . live .
  45. Web site: MPEC 2023-B37: S/2021 J 2 . minorplanetcenter.net . 19 January 2023 . 19 January 2023 . 20 January 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230120002443/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23B37.html . live .
  46. Web site: MPEC 2023-B39: S/2021 J 3 . minorplanetcenter.net . 19 January 2023 . 19 January 2023 . 19 January 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230119175814/https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23B39.html . live .
  47. Web site: MPEC 2023-B40: S/2021 J 4 . minorplanetcenter.net . 19 January 2023 . 19 January 2023 . 19 January 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230119183942/https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23B40.html . live .
  48. Web site: MPEC 2023-B41: S/2021 J 5 . minorplanetcenter.net . 19 January 2023 . 19 January 2023 . 20 January 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230120023321/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23B41.html . live .
  49. Web site: MPEC 2023-B50: S/2021 J 6 . minorplanetcenter.net . 20 January 2023 . 20 January 2023 . 20 January 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230120214738/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23B50.html . live .
  50. Web site: MPEC 2023-D44: S/2022 J 1 . minorplanetcenter.net . 22 February 2023 . 22 February 2023 . 31 March 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230331020057/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23D44.html . live .
  51. Web site: MPEC 2023-D45: S/2022 J 2 . minorplanetcenter.net . 22 February 2023 . 22 February 2023 . 19 March 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230319045830/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23D45.html . live .
  52. Web site: MPEC 2023-D46: S/2022 J 3 . minorplanetcenter.net . 22 February 2023 . 22 February 2023 . 19 March 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230319045830/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23D45.html . live .
  53. C. Porco . the Cassini Imaging Team . amp . 18 July 2007 . S/ 2007 S 4 . IAU Circular . 8857 . 8 January 2011 . 27 March 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120327153027/http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iauc/08800/08857.html . live .
  54. Web site: 2009 . IAU Circular No. 9023 . 6 March 2009 . International Astronomical Union . 1 May 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190501170153/http://ciclops.org/view/5518/S2008_S_1?js=1 . dead .
  55. Thomas . P. C. . Burns, J. A. . Tiscareno, M. S. . Hedman, M. M. . Helfenstein, P. . 4 . 2013 . Saturn's Mysterious Arc-Embedded Moons: Recycled Fluff? . 1598 . 2013-05-21 . 44th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference . 29 July 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200729024515/https://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2013/pdf/1598.pdf . live .
  56. Web site: MPEC 2019-T126: S/2004 S 20 . 11 October 2019 . minorplanetcenter.net . 23 January 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210123081126/https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19TC6.html . live .
  57. Web site: MPEC 2019-T128: S/2004 S 22 . 11 October 2019 . minorplanetcenter.net . 7 October 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191007173722/https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19TC8.html . live .
  58. Web site: MPEC 2019-T129: S/2004 S 23 . 11 October 2019 . minorplanetcenter.net . 7 October 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191007173835/https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19TC9.html . live .
  59. Web site: MPEC 2019-T132: S/2004 S 25 . 11 October 2019 . minorplanetcenter.net . 16 July 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230716104438/https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19TD2.html . live .
  60. Web site: MPEC 2019-T133: S/2004 S 26 . 11 October 2019 . minorplanetcenter.net . 7 October 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191007205355/https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19TD3.html . live .
  61. Web site: MPEC 2019-T134: S/2004 S 27 . 11 October 2019 . minorplanetcenter.net . 7 October 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191007205539/https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19TD4.html . live .
  62. Web site: MPEC 2019-T136: S/2004 S 29 . 11 October 2019 . minorplanetcenter.net . 7 October 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191007205824/https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19TD6.html . live .
  63. Web site: MPEC 2019-T137: S/2004 S 30 . 11 October 2019 . minorplanetcenter.net . 7 October 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191007210050/https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19TD7.html . live .
  64. Web site: MPEC 2019-T154: S/2004 S 32 . 11 October 2019 . minorplanetcenter.net . 16 July 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230716122930/https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19TF4.html . live .
  65. Web site: MPEC 2019-T155: S/2004 S 33 . 11 October 2019 . minorplanetcenter.net . 8 October 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191008182333/https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19TF5.html . live .
  66. Web site: MPEC 2019-T156: S/2004 S 34 . 11 October 2019 . minorplanetcenter.net . 8 October 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191008182508/https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19TF6.html . live .
  67. Web site: MPEC 2019-T157: S/2004 S 35 . 11 October 2019 . minorplanetcenter.net . 8 October 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191008182550/https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19TF7.html . live .
  68. Web site: MPEC 2019-T160: S/2004 S 38 . 11 October 2019 . minorplanetcenter.net . 21 December 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211221182807/https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19TG0.html . live .
  69. Web site: MPEC 2019-T127: S/2004 S 21 . 11 October 2019 . minorplanetcenter.net . 7 October 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191007173616/https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19TC7.html . live .
  70. Web site: MPEC 2019-T131: S/2004 S 24 . 11 October 2019 . minorplanetcenter.net . 7 October 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191007205133/https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19TD1.html . live .
  71. Web site: MPEC 2019-T135: S/2004 S 28 . 11 October 2019 . minorplanetcenter.net . 7 October 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191007205705/https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19TD5.html . live .
  72. Web site: MPEC 2019-T153: S/2004 S 31 . 11 October 2019 . minorplanetcenter.net . 8 October 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191008182042/https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19TF3.html . live .
  73. Web site: MPEC 2019-T158: S/2004 S 36 . 11 October 2019 . minorplanetcenter.net . 8 October 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191008182701/https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19TF8.html . live .
  74. Web site: MPEC 2019-T159: S/2004 S 37 . 11 October 2019 . minorplanetcenter.net . 8 October 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191008182834/https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19TF9.html . live .
  75. Web site: MPEC 2019-T161: S/2004 S 39 . 11 October 2019 . minorplanetcenter.net . 8 October 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191008183022/https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K19/K19TG1.html . live .
  76. Web site: MPEC 2023-J24: S/2004 S 40 . 3 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 14 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230514060619/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J24.html . live .
  77. Web site: MPEC 2023-J37: S/2004 S 41 . 6 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 6 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230506045545/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J41.html . live .
  78. Web site: MPEC 2023-J41: S/2004 S 42 . 6 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 6 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230506045545/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J41.html . live .
  79. Web site: MPEC 2023-J45: S/2004 S 43 . 7 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 7 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230507060448/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J45.html . live .
  80. Web site: MPEC 2023-J46: S/2004 S 44 . 7 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 7 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230507094132/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J46.html . live .
  81. Web site: MPEC 2023-J47: S/2004 S 45 . 7 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 7 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230507101528/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J47.html . live .
  82. Web site: MPEC 2023-J60: S/2004 S 46 . 8 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net.
  83. Web site: MPEC 2023-J62: S/2004 S 47 . 8 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 9 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230509141812/https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J62.html . live .
  84. Web site: MPEC 2023-J166: S/2004 S 48 . 15 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net.
  85. Web site: MPEC 2023-J168: S/2004 S 49 . 15 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net.
  86. Web site: MPEC 2023-J169: S/2004 S 50 . 15 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net.
  87. Web site: MPEC 2023-J177: S/2004 S 51 . 15 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net.
  88. Web site: MPEC 2023-J179: S/2004 S 52 . 15 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 15 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230515203928/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23JH9.html . live .
  89. Web site: MPEC 2023-K03: S/2004 S 53 . 16 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 16 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230516222415/https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23K03.html . live .
  90. Web site: MPEC 2023-J79: S/2005 S 4 . 10 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 10 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230510235837/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J79.html . live .
  91. Web site: MPEC 2023-J85: S/2005 S 5 . 10 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 11 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230511153922/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J85.html . live .
  92. Web site: MPEC 2023-J22: S/2006 S 9 . 3 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 4 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230504232541/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J22.html . live .
  93. Web site: MPEC 2023-J42: S/2006 S 10 . 6 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 6 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230506052844/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J42.html . live .
  94. Web site: MPEC 2023-J48: S/2006 S 11 . 7 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 7 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230507092107/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J48.html . live .
  95. Web site: MPEC 2023-J49: S/2006 S 12 . 7 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 7 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230507113900/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J49.html . live .
  96. Web site: MPEC 2023-J56: S/2006 S 13 . 8 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 8 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230508173924/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J56.html . live .
  97. Web site: MPEC 2023-J64: S/2006 S 14 . 8 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 20 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230520125033/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J64.html . live .
  98. Web site: MPEC 2023-J163: S/2006 S 15 . 15 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 15 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230515152821/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23JG3.html . live .
  99. Web site: MPEC 2023-J164: S/2006 S 16 . 15 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 16 June 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240616110918/https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23JG4.html . live .
  100. Web site: MPEC 2023-J165: S/2006 S 17 . 15 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net.
  101. Web site: MPEC 2023-J170: S/2006 S 18 . 15 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net.
  102. Web site: MPEC 2023-J176: S/2006 S 19 . 15 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 16 June 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240616110915/https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23JH6.html . live .
  103. Web site: MPEC 2023-K118: S/2006 S 20 . 23 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 25 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230525040716/https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23KB8.html . live .
  104. Web site: MPEC 2023-J34: S/2007 S 5 . 5 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 7 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230507125025/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J34.html . live .
  105. Web site: MPEC 2023-J40: S/2007 S 6 . 6 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 15 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230515052325/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J40.html . live .
  106. Web site: MPEC 2023-J80: S/2007 S 7 . 10 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 10 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230510193859/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J80.html . live .
  107. Web site: MPEC 2023-J81: S/2007 S 8 . 10 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 21 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230521162918/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J81.html . live .
  108. Web site: MPEC 2023-K02: S/2007 S 9 . 16 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 16 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230516064706/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23K02.html . live .
  109. Web site: 2009 . IAU Circular No. 9091 . 17 January 2010 . International Astronomical Union . 12 June 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180612135926/http://ciclops.org/view_popup.php?id=5926 . dead .
  110. Web site: MPEC 2021-W14: S/2019 S 1 . 16 November 2021 . minorplanetcenter.net . 21 December 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211221182820/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K21/K21W14.html . live .
  111. Web site: MPEC 2023-J25: S/2019 S 2 . 3 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 14 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230514051602/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J25.html . live .
  112. Web site: MPEC 2023-J26: S/2019 S 3 . 3 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 5 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230505031643/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J26.html . live .
  113. Web site: MPEC 2023-J36: S/2019 S 4 . 5 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 6 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230506023642/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J36.html . live .
  114. Web site: MPEC 2023-J43: S/2019 S 5 . 6 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 6 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230506040440/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J43.html . live .
  115. Web site: MPEC 2023-N12: S/2019 S 6 . 3 July 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 16 July 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230716094259/https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23N12.html . live .
  116. Web site: MPEC 2023-J57: S/2019 S 7 . 8 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 8 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230508151440/https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J57.html . live .
  117. Web site: MPEC 2023-J58: S/2019 S 8 . 8 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 15 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230515231201/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J58.html . live .
  118. Web site: MPEC 2023-J59: S/2019 S 9 . 8 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 8 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230508173744/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J59.html . live .
  119. Web site: MPEC 2023-J61: S/2019 S 10 . 8 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 22 September 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230922215134/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J61.html . live .
  120. Web site: MPEC 2023-J63: S/2019 S 11 . 8 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 9 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230509043952/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J63.html . live .
  121. Web site: MPEC 2023-J67: S/2019 S 12 . 9 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 9 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230509021458/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J67.html . live .
  122. Web site: MPEC 2023-J69: S/2019 S 13 . 9 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 16 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230516052815/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J69.html . live .
  123. Web site: MPEC 2023-J83: S/2019 S 14 . 10 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 11 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230511080956/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J83.html . live .
  124. Web site: MPEC 2023-J84: S/2019 S 15 . 10 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 18 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230518053622/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J84.html . live .
  125. Web site: MPEC 2023-J171: S/2019 S 16 . 15 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net.
  126. Web site: MPEC 2023-J172: S/2019 S 17 . 15 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 15 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230515204133/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23JH2.html . live .
  127. Web site: MPEC 2023-J173: S/2019 S 18 . 15 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 20 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230520075211/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23JH3.html . live .
  128. Web site: MPEC 2023-J174: S/2019 S 19 . 15 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 20 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230520083508/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23JH4.html . live .
  129. Web site: MPEC 2023-J175: S/2019 S 20 . 15 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 16 June 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240616110928/https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23JH5.html . live .
  130. Web site: MPEC 2023-K05: S/2019 S 21 . 16 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 16 June 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240616111429/https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23K05.html . live .
  131. Web site: MPEC 2023-J21: S/2020 S 1 . 3 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 14 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230514023338/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J21.html . live .
  132. Web site: MPEC 2023-J27: S/2020 S 2 . 3 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 14 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230514062335/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J27.html . live .
  133. Web site: MPEC 2023-J35: S/2020 S 3 . 5 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 6 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230506030958/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J35.html . live .
  134. Web site: MPEC 2023-J38: S/2020 S 4 . 6 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 6 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230506052659/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J38.html . live .
  135. Web site: MPEC 2023-J39: S/2020 S 5 . 6 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 6 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230506053339/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J39.html . live .
  136. Web site: MPEC 2023-J68: S/2020 S 6 . 9 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 9 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230509042802/https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J68.html . live .
  137. Web site: MPEC 2023-J82: S/2020 S 7 . 10 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 11 May 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230511032436/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23J82.html . live .
  138. Web site: MPEC 2023-J167: S/2020 S 8 . 15 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net.
  139. Web site: MPEC 2023-J178: S/2020 S 9 . 15 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net.
  140. Web site: MPEC 2023-K04: S/2020 S 10 . 16 May 2023 . minorplanetcenter.net . 16 June 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240616111433/https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K23/K23K04.html . live .
  141. Farkas-Takács . A. . Kiss . Cs. . Pál . A. . Molnár . L. . Szabó . Gy. M. . Hanyecz . O. . etal . September 2017 . Properties of the Irregular Satellite System around Uranus Inferred from K2, Herschel, and Spitzer Observations . The Astronomical Journal . 154 . 3 . 13 . 1706.06837 . 2017AJ....154..119F . 10.3847/1538-3881/aa8365 . 119 . 118869078 . free .
  142. Web site: MPEC 2024-D113 : S/2023 U 1 . minorplanetcenter.net . 23 February 2024 . 29 February 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240229051827/https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K24/K24DB3.html . live .
  143. Kiss . C. . Pál . A. . Farkas-Takács . A. I. . Szabó . G. M. . Szabó . R. . Kiss . L. L. . etal . April 2016 . Nereid from space: Rotation, size and shape analysis from K2, Herschel and Spitzer observations . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . 457 . 3 . 2908–2917 . 1601.02395 . 2016MNRAS.457.2908K . 10.1093/mnras/stw081 . free . 54602372 . 13 March 2020 . 16 June 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240616111423/https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article-pdf/457/3/2908/8000447/stw081.pdf . live .
  144. News: Kelly Beatty . 2013-07-15 . Neptune's Newest Moon . Sky & Telescope . 2018-03-08 . 16 July 2013 . https://archive.today/20130716121048/www.skyandtelescope.com/news/Neptunes-Newest-Moon-215535121.html . live .
  145. Web site: MPEC 2024-D114 : S/2002 N 5 . minorplanetcenter.net . 23 February 2024 . 3 March 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240303040354/https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K24/K24DB4.html . live .
  146. Web site: MPEC 2024-D112 : S/2021 N 1 . minorplanetcenter.net . 23 February 2024 . 5 March 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240305065326/https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K24/K24DB2.html . live .
  147. Grundy . W. M. . Noll . K. S. . Roe . H. G. . Buie . M. W. . Porter . S. B. . Parker . A. H. . Nesvorný . D. . Benecchi . S. D. . Stephens . D. C. . Trujillo . C. A. . 2019 . Mutual Orbit Orientations of Transneptunian Binaries . Icarus . 334 . 62–78 . 2019Icar..334...62G . 10.1016/j.icarus.2019.03.035 . 0019-1035 . 133585837 . 26 November 2019 . 15 January 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200115091416/http://www2.lowell.edu/~grundy/abstracts/preprints/2019.TNB_orbits.pdf . dead .
  148. Web site: Showalter . M. R. . Hamilton, D. P. . 20 July 2011 . New Satellite of (134340) Pluto: S/2011 (134340) 1 . 20 July 2011 . Central Bureau Electronic Telegrams . . 24 September 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170924222436/http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iau/cbet/002700/CBET002769.txt . live .
  149. Web site: NASA's Hubble Discovers Another Moon Around Pluto . 21 July 2011 . NASA . 2 October 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20111002035739/http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2011/23/full/ . live .
  150. Web site: Hubble Discovers a Fifth Moon Orbiting Pluto . 13 July 2012 . NASA . 19 December 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20161219083704/http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2012/32 . dead .
  151. Dumas . C. . Carry . B. . Hestroffer . D. . Merlin . F. . 2011 . High-contrast observations of (136108) Haumea . Astronomy & Astrophysics . 528 . A105 . 1101.2102 . 2011A&A...528A.105D . 10.1051/0004-6361/201015011 . 119226136.
  152. Ragozzine . D. . Brown, M.E. . 2009 . Orbits and Masses of the Satellites of the Dwarf Planet Haumea = 2003 EL61 . The Astronomical Journal . 137 . 6 . 4766–4776 . 0903.4213 . 2009AJ....137.4766R . 10.1088/0004-6256/137/6/4766 . 15310444.
  153. D. C. Fabrycky . M. J. Holman . D. Ragozzine . M. E. Brown . T. A. Lister . D. M. Terndrup . J. Djordjevic . E. F. Young . L. A. Young . R. R. Howell . 2008 . Mutual Events of 2003 EL61 and its Inner Satellite . AAS DPS Conference 2008 . 40 . 36.08 . 2008DPS....40.3608F.
  154. Web site: Johnston . Wm. Robert . 21 September 2014 . (50000) Quaoar and Weywot . 20 June 2023 . Johnston's Archive . 5 September 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190905195702/http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/astro/astmoons/am-50000.html . live .
  155. Fraser . Wesley C. . Brown . Michael E. . May 2010 . Quaoar: A Rock in the Kuiper Belt . The Astrophysical Journal . 714 . 2 . 1547–1550 . 1003.5911 . 2010ApJ...714.1547F . 10.1088/0004-637X/714/2/1547 . 17386407.
  156. Web site: 2016 . Hubble Discovers Moon Orbiting the Dwarf Planet Makemake . 27 April 2016 . hubblesite.org . 29 September 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190929065046/http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2016/18/full/ . live .
  157. Parker . A. H. . Buie . M. W. . Grundy . W. M. . Noll . K. S. . 2016-04-25 . Discovery of a Makemakean Moon . The Astrophysical Journal . 825 . 1 . L9 . 1604.07461 . 2016ApJ...825L...9P . 10.3847/2041-8205/825/1/L9 . 119270442 . free .
  158. Holler . Bryan J. . Grundy . William M. . Buie . Marc W. . Noll . Keith S. . February 2021 . The Eris/Dysnomia system I: The orbit of Dysnomia . Icarus . 355 . 114130 . 2009.13733 . 2021Icar..35514130H . 10.1016/j.icarus.2020.114130 . 114130 . 221995416.

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "List of natural satellites".

Except where otherwise indicated, Everything.Explained.Today is © Copyright 2009-2024, A B Cryer, All Rights Reserved. Cookie policy.