List of most expensive paintings explained

This is a list of the highest known prices paid for paintings. The record is approximately US$450.3 million (which includes commission), paid for Leonardo da Vinci's Salvator Mundi . The painting was sold in November 2017,[1] [2] through the auction house Christie's in New York City.

Background

The most famous paintings, especially old master works created before 1803, are generally owned or held by museums for viewing by patrons. Since museums rarely sell them, they are considered priceless. Guinness World Records lists Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa as having the highest insurance value for a painting. On permanent display at the Louvre in Paris, the Mona Lisa was assessed at US$100 million on 14 December 1962. Taking inflation into account, the 1962 value would be around US$ million in .

The earliest sale on the list below (Vase with Fifteen Sunflowers by Vincent van Gogh) is from March 1987; with a price of £24.75 million (£ million in currency). This sale tripled the previous record, and introduced a new era in top art sales. Before this, the highest absolute price paid for a painting was £8.1 million (£ million in currency) paid by the J. Paul Getty Museum for Andrea Mantegna's Adoration of the Magi at Christie's in London on 18 April 1985.[3] The sale of Vincent van Gogh's Sunflowers was the first time a "modern" (in this case 1888) painting became the record holder. Old master paintings had previously dominated the market. In contrast, there are currently only nine pre-1875 paintings among the listed top 89, and none created between 1635 and 1874.

An exceptional case is graffiti artist David Choe, who accepted payment in shares for painting graffiti art in the headquarters of a fledgling Facebook. His shares were of limited value when he was given them, but by the time of Facebook's IPO they were valued at around $200 million.[4]

The list is incomplete with respect to sales between private parties, as these are not always reported and, even if they are, details like the purchase price may remain secret. For example, on June 25, 2019, the American hedge fund manager J. Tomilson Hill bought a recently rediscovered Judith and Holofernes (1607) attributed to Caravaggio, two days before it would have been auctioned in Toulouse. Though the Louvre Museum had turned down the opportunity to purchase it for €100 million,[5] the painting was estimated to sell for $110 to $170 million.[6] The actual purchase price was not disclosed, because of a confidentiality agreement attached to the private sale.[7] Another example is a 2019 sale of The Seated Zouave by Vincent van Gogh. According to some sources, the painting had been sold by Argentinian art collector Nelly Arrieta de Blaquier for $300 million,[8] but the price was not confirmed by any of the parties involved.[9]

Vincent van Gogh, Pablo Picasso, and Andy Warhol are the best-represented artists in the list. Whereas Picasso and Warhol became wealthy men, van Gogh is known to have sold only one painting in his lifetime, The Red Vineyard, for (approximately $2,000 in 2018 dollars) in 1890, to the Belgian impressionist painter and heiress Anna Boch.[10] [11]

Georgia O'Keeffe holds the record for the highest price paid for a painting by a woman. On November 20, 2014 at Sotheby's, the Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art bought her 1932 painting Jimson Weed/White Flower No. 1 for US$44.4 million (equivalent to US$ million in).[12] [13]

Among the listed top 89, only six are paintings by non-Western artists. Five are traditional Chinese paintings by Qi Baishi, Wu Bin, Wang Meng and Xu Yang. In particular, Qi Baishi's Twelve Landscape Screens was sold for $140.8 million in 2017. The only non-Western modern artwork listed is that of the Chinese-French painter Zao Wouki's oil painting Juin-Octobre 1985, which was sold for $65 million in 2018.[14] Not listed here in this list is Chinese painter Wang Shaofei's The High Sun, which was appraised for $74 million in 2017.[15]

List of highest prices paid

This list is ordered by consumer price index inflation-adjusted value (in bold) in millions of United States dollars in .[16] Where necessary, the price is first converted to dollars using the exchange rate at the time the painting was sold. The inflation adjustment may change as recent inflation rates are often revised. A list in another currency may be in a slightly different order due to exchange-rate fluctuations. Paintings are listed only once, i.e., for the highest price sold.
data-sort-type="currency" Adjusted (in million USD)data-sort-type="currency" Original (in million USD)PaintingImageArtistYearDate of saleRank
at sale		SellerBuyerAuction house
$data-sort-value="$450.3"$450.3 Salvator Mundidata-sort-value=15001Dmitry RybolovlevBadr bin Abdullah Al SaudChristie's, New York[17]
data-sort-value="$"~$data-sort-value="$300"~$300Interchange19551David Geffen FoundationKenneth C. GriffinPrivate sale[18]
$ +$250 +[19] The Card Players1892/931George EmbiricosState of QatarPrivate sale[20] [21] [22]
$data-sort-value="$210"$210[23] Nafea Faa Ipoipo
(When Will You Marry?)		18922Rudolf Staechelin heirsState of QatarPrivate sale[24]
data-sort-value="$"~$data-sort-value="$200"~$200Number 17A19484David Geffen FoundationKenneth C. GriffinPrivate sale
$$183.8 Wasserschlangen II1904–072Yves BouvierDmitry RybolovlevPrivate sale
$$186
(€140)		No. 6 (Violet, Green and Red)19513Cherise MoueixDmitry RybolovlevPrivate sale via
Yves Bouvier[25]
$$180
(€160 million)		Pendant portraits of Maerten Soolmans and Oopjen Coppit1634[26] 7Éric de RothschildRijksmuseum
and Louvre		Private sale
[27]
$$179.4 Les Femmes d'Alger
("Version O")		19555Private collectionHamad bin Jassim bin Jaber Al ThaniChristie's, New York[28]
$$198
(€175)		The Standard Bearer163610Rothschild familyRijksmuseumprivate sale[29] [30]
$195$195Shot Sage Blue MarilynAndy Warhol196411Thomas and Doris AmmannLarry GagosianChristie's, New York[31]
$$170.4 Nu couché1917/189Laura Mattioli RossiLiu Yiqian[32] Christie's, New York[33]
$$140No. 5, 194819481David GeffenDavid MartinezPrivate sale via Sotheby's[34]
$$137.5Woman III19532David GeffenSteven A. CohenPrivate sale via Larry Gagosian[35]
$$165.0Masterpiece196212Agnes Gund[36] [37] Steven A. Cohen[38] Private sale
$$135Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer I19071Maria AltmannRonald Lauder, Neue GaleriePrivate sale via Christie's[39]
$$155Le Rêve19326Steve WynnSteven A. CohenPrivate sale[40]
$$82.5Portrait of Dr. Gachet18901Siegfried Kramarsky heirsRyoei Saito[41] Christie's, New York
$$157.2 Nu couché (sur le côté gauche)1917data-sort-value=13Ezra and David NahmadSotheby's, New York[42]
$$150Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer II191210 Oprah Winfrey[43] Unidentified buyer in ChinaPrivate sale via Larry Gagosian[44]
$$142.4 Three Studies of Lucian Freud19698Elaine Wynn, ex-wife of Steve Wynn[45] Christie's, New York[46]
$$78.1Bal du moulin de la Galette
[47] 		18762Betsey WhitneyRyoei Saito Sotheby's, New York
$$140.8
(¥931.5)		Twelve Landscape ScreensQi Baishi1925Beijing Poly Auction[48]
$$104.2 Garçon à la pipe19053Greentree Foundation
(Whitney family)		Guido Barilla (suspected)[49] Sotheby's, New York[50]
$$149.2 Les Poseuses, Ensemble (Petite version) Georges Seurat18881Paul G. AllenChristie's, New York
$$119.9 The Scream[51] 18958Petter OlsenLeon Black[52] Sotheby's, New York
$$120 Otahi189310Yves BouvierDmitry RybolovlevPrivate sale
$$118Reclining Nude With Blue Cushion19168Steven A. CohenDmitry RybolovlevPrivate sale via Yves Bouvier
$$137.7La Montagne Sainte-VictoirePaul Cezanne1888-902Paul G. AllenChristie's, New York
$$110.0[53] 19587Jean-Christophe CastelliSteven A. CohenPrivate sale, estimated price[54]
$$106.5 Nude, Green Leaves and Bust19329Frances Lasker Brody estateLeonard Blavatnik (suspected)[55] [56] Christie's, New York[57]
$ $58 plus
exchange of
works[58] 		Portrait of Joseph Roulin18891Private collection, ZürichMuseum of Modern Art New YorkPrivate sale via
Thomas Ammann,
Fine Art Zurich[59]
$$107.5L’Homme assis au verre1914Yves BouvierDmitry RybolovlevPrivate sale via
Yves Bouvier[60] [61]
$139.3$139.3Femme à la montrePablo Picasso1932Emily Fisher Landau's estateAnonymous buyerSotheby's, New York[62]
$$53.9Irises18891John Whitney Payson, son of Joan Whitney PaysonAlan Bond[63] Sotheby's, New York
$$95.2 Dora Maar au Chat19416Gidwitz familyBoris Ivanishvili[64] Sotheby's, New York[65]
$$100.0Eight Elvises196310Annibale BerlingieriThe State of Qatar (suspected)[66] [67] Private sale via Philippe Ségalot[68]
$$115Young Girl with a Flower Basket1905data-sort-value=13David and Peggy RockefellerThe Nahmad family[69] Christie's, New York[70]
$ +$105.7 +[71]
(¥10,300)		Anna's Light1968data-sort-value=13DIC Corp.Private sale[72] [73] [74]
$$105.4 Silver Car Crash (Double Disaster)1963data-sort-value=13Sotheby's, New York[75]
$$110.5Untitled1982data-sort-value=13Emily and Jerry Spiegel[76] Yusaku Maezawa[77] Sotheby's, New York[78]
$$71.5Portrait de l'artiste sans barbe18895 heirs Christie's, New York
$$110.7Meules1890Hasso Plattner[79] Sotheby's, New York[80]
$$117.1Verger avec cyprèsVincent van Gogh18883Paul G. AllenChristie's, New York
$$100La Montagne Sainte-Victoire vue du bosquet du Château Noir1904[81] data-sort-value=13Edsel and Eleanor Ford HouseState of Qatar[82] Private sale[83] [84]
$$76.7
(£49.5) 		Massacre of the Innocents16116an Austrian familyKenneth ThomsonSotheby's, London
$$95.4 Nurse1964data-sort-value=13Christie's, New York
$$86.3 Triptych, 19761976data-sort-value=13Jean-Pierre Moueix heirs[85] Roman Abramovich[86] Sotheby's, New York[87]
$$105.7Maternitè IIPaul Gauguin18994Paul G. AllenChristie's, New York
$$104.5Birch Forest19035Paul G. AllenChristie's, New York
$$103.4Femme assise près d’une fenêtre (Marie-Thérèse)Pablo Picasso1932Christie's, New York[88]
$$49.3
(F300)		Les Noces de Pierrette19053[89] Tomonori TsurumakiBinoche et Godeau Paris
$$80.0195911David GeffenKenneth C. GriffinPrivate sale via Richard Gray[90]
$$85
(€54) 		Te Fare1892data-sort-value=13Yves BouvierDmitry RybolovlevPrivate sale
$$57A Wheatfield with Cypresses18896Emil Georg Bührle's sonWalter H. Annenberg[91] Private sale via Steven Mazoh
$$100Boy and Dog in a Johnnypump19822020Peter Brant[92] Ken Griffin[93] Private sale
$$47.8 Yo, Picasso19012Wendell CherryStavros NiarchosSotheby's, New York
$$80.0 Turquoise Marilyn1964data-sort-value=13Stefan EdlisSteven A. CohenPrivate sale via Larry Gagosian[94]
$$70.0Portrait of Alfonso d'Avalos with a PageTitian153310AXA insurance companyGetty MuseumPrivate sale via
Hervé Aaron[95] [96]
$$86.9 Orange, Red, Yellow1961data-sort-value=13David Pincus estateChristie's, New York[97]
$$80.5
(£40.9) 		Le Bassin aux Nymphéas1919data-sort-value=13J. Irwin and Xenia S. MillerAndrey Melnichenko[98] Christie's, London[99]
$108.4$108.4(£85.3) Lady with a Fan1917-8Patti Wong, on behalf of a Hong Kong buyer[100] Sotheby's.London[101] date=28 June 2023 title=Gustav Klimt- Dame mit Fächer (Lady with a Fan) url=https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/auction/2023/modern-contemporary-evening-auction-2/dame-mit-faecher-lady-with-a-fan?locale=en access-date=28 June 2023 website=Sotheby's
$$91.9Chop Suey1929data-sort-value=13Barney A. Ebsworth estateChristie's, New York[102]
$$60.5Rideau, Cruchon et Compotier18949Sotheby's, New York
$$90.3Portrait of an Artist (Pool with Two Figures)1972data-sort-value="13" Pierre ChenChristie's, New York[103]
$$84.2Black Fire I1961data-sort-value="13" Private CollectionAnonymousChristie's, New York[104]
$$72.8White Center (Yellow, Pink
and Lavender on Rose)		1950data-sort-value="13" David Rockefeller, Sr.Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al-Thani[105] Sotheby's, New York[106]
$$39.7
(£24.75)		Vase with Fifteen Sunflowers18891Helen Beatty,
daughter-in-law of
Chester Beatty		Yasuo Goto, Yasuda Comp./Sompo Holdings[107] Christie's, London
$$88.8Buffalo II1964data-sort-value="13" Robert and Beatrice Mayer EstateAlice Walton[108] Christie's, New York[109]
$$81.9Triple Elvis1963data-sort-value="13" [110] Christie's, New York[111]
$$71.7Green Car Crash
(Green Burning Car I)		1963data-sort-value="13" Private collection, ZürichPhilip NiarchosChristie's, New York[112]
$$81.9No. 101958data-sort-value="13" Christie's, New York[113] [114]
$$93.1In This Case1983Giancarlo GiammettiPrivate collectorChristie's, New York[115]
$$85.8 Suprematist Composition1916data-sort-value=13The Nahmad familyAnonymousChristie's, New York
$$80.8 Three Studies for a Portrait of John Edwards1984data-sort-value=13Private CollectionAnonymousChristie's, New York.
$$92.2Portrait of a Young Man holding a Roundeldata-sort-value="1480" Sheldon Solow estateRussian private collectorSotheby's, New York[116]
$$81.4 Meule1891data-sort-value=13Christie's, New York[117]
$ $84.7 Nymphéas en fleur1914–1917data-sort-value=13David and Peggy RockefellerXin Li-Cohen[118] Christie's, New York[119]
data-sort-value=$~$data-sort-value="$75"~$75
(€50–60)[120] 		Darmstadt Madonna1526data-sort-value=13Donatus, Landgrave of HesseReinhold WürthPrivate sale via
Christoph Graf Douglas[121]
$$81.3 Laboureur dans un champ1889data-sort-value=13Nancy Lee and Perry R. Bass estate Christie's, New York[122]
$$84.55 Triptych Inspired by the Oresteia of Aeschylus1981data-sort-value=13Hans Rasmus AstrupSotheby's, New York[123]
$$70.6
(£50)		Diana and ActaeonTitian1556–1559data-sort-value=13Duke of SutherlandNational Galleries of Scotland
& National Gallery, London		Private sale[124] [125] [126]
$$40.7Au Lapin Agile19045Linda de Roulet, daughter of Joan Whitney PaysonWalter H. AnnenbergSotheby's, New York
$$68The Gross Clinic1875data-sort-value=13Thomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphia Museum of ArtPrivate sale[127]
$$75.1 No 1 (Royal Red and Blue)1954data-sort-value=13John and Anne MarionSotheby's, New York[128]
$$38.5
(£20.9)		Acrobate et jeune arlequin
[129] 		19053Roger Janssen heirs?
[130] 		MitsukoshiChristie's, London
$$80.8 Odalisque couchée aux magnolias1923data-sort-value=13David and Peggy RockefellerXin Li-CohenChristie's, New York[131]
$$55.0 Femme aux Bras Croisés1902data-sort-value=13Chauncey McCormick heirsChristie's, New York[132]
$$69.0 Nude Sitting on a Divan1917data-sort-value=13Halit Cıngıllıoglu[133] Sotheby's, New York[134]
$$63.5Police Gazette[135] 1955data-sort-value=13David GeffenSteven A. CohenPrivate sale via Richard Gray.
$$85Untitled1982Yusaku MaezawaTaiwanese collectorPhilips, New York[136]
$$71.7
(£45)		Diana and CallistoTitian1556–1559data-sort-value=13Duke of SutherlandNational Galleries of Scotland
& National Gallery, London		Private sale[137]
$$82.5No. 7Mark Rothko1951Private CollectionLaurence EscalantePrivate sale
$$70.5Untitled (New York City)1968data-sort-value="13" Sydney M. Irmas heirsChristie's, New York[138]
$$77
(¥512.9)		[139] Wu Bin1610data-sort-value="13" William Bernard Ziff Jr. heirsBeijing Poly Auction
$$49.5Femme assise dans un jardin1938data-sort-value="13" Robert Saidenberg [140] Sotheby's, New York
$$70.2
(£42.2)		Portrait of George Dyer Talking1966data-sort-value="13" Christie's, London[141] [142]
$$47.5Peasant Woman Against a Background of Wheat189011Steve WynnPrivate sale via
Acquavella Galleries Inc.,
New York[143]
$$69.61970data-sort-value="13" Nicola del RoscioChristie's, New York[144]
$$69.6Four Marlons1966data-sort-value="13" WestSpielChristie's, New York[145]
$$79.45 The Empire of Lights1961data-sort-value=13Anne-Marie Crowet Gillon heirsSotheby's, London[146]
$$65.5
(¥425.5)		Eagle Standing on Pine Tree[147] Qi Baishi1946data-sort-value=13Liu YiqianHunan TV & Broadcast
Intermediary Co[148] 		China Guardian Auctions
$$63.4 Men in Her Life1962data-sort-value=13Jose MugrabiSheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al-Thani[149] Phillips de Pury & Company[150]
$$70.1 Contraste de formes1913data-sort-value=13 and FoundationChristie's, New York[151]
$$67.45La Gommeuse1901data-sort-value=13William I. KochSotheby's, New York.[152] [153]
$$67.4 Buste de femme
(Femme à la résille)		1938data-sort-value=13Steve WynnJoseph Lau[154] Christie's, New York
$$35.2Portrait of a HalberdierPontormo15375Chauncey StillmanGetty MuseumChristie's, New York
$$66.3 L’Allée des Alyscamps1888data-sort-value=13Sotheby's, New York[155]
$$66.2 Untitled1952data-sort-value=13Private CollectionAnonymousChristie's, New York
$$66.3Untitled XXV1977data-sort-value="13" Christie's, New York[156]
$$62.1
(¥402.5)		Zhichuan Resettlement[157] Wang Meng1350 data-sort-value=13Beijing Poly Auction
$$69.2Femme au béret et à la robe quadrillée (Marie-Thérèse Walter)1937Private collectionHarry SmithSotheby's, London[158] [159]
$$65.1Spring1881data-sort-value="13" Oliver Hazard Payne heirs[160] Getty MuseumChristie's, New York[161]
$$68.9Woman as Landscape1955data-sort-value="13" Barney A. Ebsworth estateChristie's, New York
$$61.71949data-sort-value="13" City and County of DenverSotheby's, New York[162]
$$71.4 Cabanes de bois parmi les oliviers et cyprès1889Edwin L. CoxChristie's, New York[163]
$$70.35Le Bassin Aux Nymphéas (1917-19)Claude Monet1917-19data-sort-value="13" Private Collection, New York, United StatesSotheby's, New York[164]
$$65.23
(HK$510.371)		Juin-Octobre 1985Zao Wou-Ki1985data-sort-value=13Chang Qiu Dun[165] Sotheby's, Hong Kong[166]

Progression of highest prices paid

This list shows the progression of the highest price paid for a painting since 1746.
data-sort-type="currency" PricePaintingImageArtistYearDate of saleSellerBuyerAuction house
$0.03 millionMagdalen in the DesertAugustus III of PolandPrivate sale
$0.04 million (110,000 French francs)Sistine Madonnadata-sort-value=1513 1513–1514PiacenzaAugustus III of PolandPrivate sale
$0.08 million (£16,000)Adoration of the Mystic Lamb1432Edward SollyFrederick William III of PrussiaPrivate sale
$0.12 million (615,300 French francs)The Immaculate Conception of Los Venerablesdata-sort-value=1678 1678Jean-de-Dieu SoultLouvre, ParisParis[167]
$0.35 million (£70,000)Ansidei Madonnadata-sort-value=15071505–1507George Spencer-Churchill, 8th Duke of MarlboroughNational Gallery, LondonPrivate sale[168]
$0.5 millionColonna Altarpiecedata-sort-value=1503 1503-1505Charles SedelmeyerJ. P. MorganPrivate sale
$0.51 millionPortrait of Elena Grimaldi Cattaneodata-sort-value=1623 1623KnoedlerPeter Arrell Browne WidenerPrivate sale
$0.51 millionThe Milldata-sort-value=16481645/48Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 6th Marquess of LansdownePeter Arrell Browne WidenerPrivate sale
$0.6 millionSmall Cowper Madonnadata-sort-value=1504 1504–1505Joseph Joel DuveenPeter Arrell Browne WidenerPrivate sale
$1.6 millionBenois Madonnadata-sort-value=1478 1478–1480Benois familyNicholas II, Emperor of RussiaPrivate sale
$2 millionStudy of a Young Womandata-sort-value=1665c. 1665-1667Prince d'ArenbergCharles WrightsmanPrivate sale
$2.3 millionAristotle Contemplating a Bust of Homer1653Estate of Mrs Alfred EricksonMetropolitan Museum of Art, New York CityParke-Bernet, New York[169]
data-sort-value="$5"$5-$6 millionGinevra de' Bencidata-sort-value=1474Franz Joseph II, Prince of LiechtensteinNational Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.Private sale
$5.5 million (£2.3 million)Portrait of Juan de Parejadata-sort-value=1650Jacob Pleydell-Bouverie, 8th Earl of RadnorMetropolitan Museum of Art, New York CityChristie's, London[170] [171]
$6.4 millionJuliet and Her Nurse1836Trustees of Whitney MuseumAnonymousSotheby Parke Bernet, New York[172]
$10.0 million (£7.47 million)Seascape: Folkestonedata-sort-value=1845Estate of Kenneth ClarkUnknownSotheby's, London[173] [174] [175]
$10.5 millionAdoration of the Magi1462Spencer Compton, 7th Marquess of NorthamptonJ. Paul Getty MuseumChristie's, New York
$39.7 million
(£24.75 million)		Vase with Fifteen Sunflowers1889Helen Beatty,
daughter-in-law of
Chester Beatty		Yasuo Goto, Yasuda Comp./Sompo HoldingsChristie's, London
$53.9 millionIrises1889John Whitney Payson, son of Joan Whitney PaysonAlan BondSotheby's, New York
$58 million plus
exchange of
works[176] 		Portrait of Joseph Roulin1889Private collection, ZürichMuseum of Modern Art New YorkPrivate sale via
Thomas Ammann,
Fine Art Zurich
$82.5 millionPortrait of Dr. Gachet1890Siegfried Kramarsky heirsRyoei SaitoChristie's, New York
$104.2 million Garçon à la pipe1905Greentree Foundation
(Whitney family)		Guido Barilla (suspected)Sotheby's, New York
$135 millionPortrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer I1907Maria AltmannRonald Lauder, Neue GaleriePrivate sale via Christie's
$140 millionNo. 5, 19481948David GeffenDavid MartinezPrivate sale via Sotheby's
$250 million+[177] The Card Playersdata-sort-value=18931892/93George EmbiricosState of QatarPrivate sale
data-sort-value="$300"~$300 millionInterchange1955David Geffen FoundationKenneth C. GriffinPrivate sale
data-sort-value="$450.3"$450.3 millionSalvator Mundidata-sort-value=1500Dmitry RybolovlevBadr bin Abdullah Al SaudChristie's, New York

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. News: 'Lost' Leonardo da Vinci to go on display, says National Gallery. https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/art/art-news/8632230/Lost-Leonardo-da-Vinci-to-go-on-display-says-National-Gallery.html . 2022-01-11 . subscription . live. Telegraph. 12 July 2011.
  2. https://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/media/15705/exhibition-guide_leonardo-da-vinci.pdf Exhibition Guide: Leonardo Da Vinci, Painter at the Court of Milan, 9 November 2011– 5 February 2012
  3. William Wilson, Getty Pays $10.5 Million For Painting, The New York Times, April 19, 1985
  4. Nick Bilton, "For Founders to Decorators, Facebook Riches," The New York Times, 1/1/12.
  5. News: 'Lost Caravaggio' rejected by the Louvre may be worth £100m . Brown. Mark. The Guardian. 28 February 2019. 1 March 2019.
  6. Alex Greenberger, Caravaggio Painting Estimated at $170 M. Sold Privately Ahead of Auction in France, ArtNews, 25 June 2019
  7. Robin Pogrebin, Mystery Buyer of Work Attributed to Caravaggio Revealed, The New York Times, 27 June 2019
  8. Web site: 2020-01-18 . El enigma detrás del Van Gogh que salió de la Argentina . 2022-08-09 . LA NACION . es.
  9. Web site: 26 May 2006. Most Expensive Paintings . 2022-08-09 . theartwolf . en-US.
  10. Web site: The Red Vineyard Painting at annaboch.com. 5 October 2014.
  11. Web site: Anna Boch.com Impressionist, patron of many artists. annaboch.com. 2020-01-27.
  12. News: The Most Expensive Female Artists 2016 – artnet News. 2016-05-24. artnet News. 2017-11-17.
  13. Web site: American Art Auction Results. 16 November 2017.
  14. https://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/2018/modern-art-evening-sale-hk0809/lot.1004.html Zao Wou-Ki, Juin-Octobre 1985, Modern Art Evening Sale, Sotheby's, Hong Kong, 30 September 2018
  15. Web site: The Chinese Ink Paintings of Wang Shaofei Break the World Record.
  16. The Wikipedia template uses a yearly average inflation. Using monthly averages gives slightly different numbers, most significantly for paintings sold early or late in a year with significant inflation.
  17. News: Leonardo da Vinci Painting 'Salvator Mundi' Sells for $450.3 Million. Crow. Kelly. 2017-11-16. The Wall Street Journal. 2017-11-16. 0099-9660.
  18. News: Billionaire Griffin Pays $500 Million for Two Paintings. Kazakina. Katya. Bloomberg Business. February 18, 2016. February 23, 2016.
  19. Exact price (even the currency of sale) is not known, with estimates from $250 million to $300 million
  20. Art Media Agency (AMA), 250 M$, a new record for a painting?, 4 May 2011
  21. [Stefan Koldehoff]
  22. Web site: Peers . Alexandra . Qatar Purchases Cézanne's The Card Players for More Than $250 Million, Highest Price Ever for a Work of Art . QuatarSale. January 2012 . 2012-02-03.
  23. News: Lawsuit Reveals Gauguin Painting Was Not World's Most Expensive. Haigney. Sophie. The New York Times. July 3, 2017. July 3, 2017.
  24. News: Gauguin Painting Is Said to Fetch Nearly $300 Million. Reyburn. Scott. Carvajal. Doreen. The New York Times. February 5, 2015. February 5, 2015.
  25. News: The Billionaire, the Dealer, and the $186 Million Rothko . Bloomberg . Stephanie . Baker . April 27, 2015.
  26. http://www.louvre.fr/en/portraits-maerten-soolmans-and-oopjen-coppit-rembrandtan-exceptionnal-acquisition-exhibited-musee-du Portraits of Maerten Soolmans and Oopjen Coppit by Rembrandt, an exceptionnal acquisition exhibited at the Musée du Louvre
  27. https://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/22/arts/design/rembrandt-portraits-may-come-home-for-record-price-with-government-help.html Rembrandt portraits may come home
  28. News: Picasso and Giacometti Artworks Top $120 Million Each at Christie's Sale. 11 May 2015. The New York Times. 12 May 2015. Scott. Reyburn.
  29. News: 2021-12-08 . Netherlands to buy Rembrandt Standard Bearer self-portrait . en-GB . BBC News . 2022-05-07.
  30. Web site: Chow . Vivienne . 2021-12-09 . The Netherlands Is Ready to Spend $198 Million to Bring a Rembrandt Self-Portrait Back Home for Good . 2022-05-07 . Artnet News . en-US.
  31. Web site: ANDY WARHOL (1928-1987) . 2022-05-10 . www.christies.com . en.
  32. News: Chinese Taxi Driver Turned Billionaire Bought Modigliani Painting. 10 November 2015. The New York Times. 10 November 2015. Amy. Qin.
  33. News: With $170.4 Million Sale at Auction, Modigliani Work Joins Rarefied Nine-Figure Club. 9 November 2015. The New York Times. 9 November 2015. Robin. Pogrebin. Scott. Reyburn.
  34. Carol Vogel, A Pollock Is Sold, Possibly for a Record Price, The New York Times, November 2, 2006
  35. Carol Vogel, Landmark De Kooning Crowns Collection, The New York Times, November 18, 2006
  36. News: Auction Sales Down at Christie's, Sotheby's and Phillips, in a Challenging 2016. Reyburn. Scott. 2017-02-09. The New York Times. 2017-04-05. 0362-4331.
  37. On June 11, 2017, Ms. Gund revealed that she intended to use the proceeds from the sale of the painting for a specific purpose: to create a fund that supports criminal justice reform and seeks to reduce mass incarceration in the United States.News: Agnes Gund Sells a Lichtenstein to Start Criminal Justice Fund. Pogrebin. Robin. The New York Times. 11 June 2017. 11 June 2017.
  38. Web site: Robert. Frank. 2017-06-18. Steve Cohen buys Roy Lichtenstein's 'Masterpiece' for $165 million. . 12 June 2017.
  39. Carol Vogel, Lauder Pays $135 Million, a Record, for a Klimt Portrait, The New York Times, June 19, 2006
  40. Carol Vogel & Peter Lattman, $616 Million Poorer, Hedge Fund Owner Still Buys Art, The New York Times, March 26, 2013
  41. Lee Rosenbaum, "Dr. Gachet" Sighting: It WAS Flöttl!, ArtsJournal, January 26, 2007
  42. http://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/2018/impressionist-modern-art-evening-sale-n09860/lot.18.html Lot description and auction details
  43. Oprah Winfrey had bought the painting in November 2006 at Christie's for nearly $88 million. At that time this was the 4th highest (unadjusted) price at auction and 10th highest price on this list.
  44. News: The Gustav Klimt Painting Oprah Reportedly Sold for $150M Has Quite a Story. The Hollywood Reporter.
  45. Carol Vogel, Buyer of $142.4 Million Bacon Triptych Identified as Elaine Wynn, The New York Times, January 15, 2014
  46. News: Bacon's Study of Freud Sells for $142.4 Million. Vogel. Carol. The New York Times. November 12, 2013. November 13, 2013.
  47. This is the small version of the painting; the large version is at the Musée d'Orsay.
  48. Web site: Qi Baishi Just Became the First Chinese Artist to Break the $100 Million Mark at Auction. Eileen Kinsella. 19 December 2017. artnet News.
  49. Claire Foy-Smith, Who buys paintings for $104m?, BBC News Online, 6 May 2004
  50. http://www.sothebys.com/app/live/lot/LotDetailPrintable.jsp?lot_id=47Q4L Lot description and auction details
  51. One of two pastel versions; another two painted versions (and lithography) exist, all created by Munch.
  52. Kelly Crow, An Art Mystery Solved: Mogul Is 'Scream' Buyer, The Wall Street Journal, July 11, 2012
  53. This stands as the most expensive painting by a living artist.
  54. News: Planting a Johns 'Flag' in a Private Collection. Carol. Vogel. The New York Times . 18 March 2010 .
  55. Web site: Who Bought the Brody Picasso for $106m?. 28 January 2016.
  56. News: Art Sales: Russian buyers inject confidence into Old Master market. Colin. Gleadell. The Telegraph . July 12, 2016. www.telegraph.co.uk.
  57. https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE6443DV20100505 Picasso piece sets record for art sold at auction
  58. The paintings transferred to the dealers include a late Monet entitled Corona (Water Lilies) from around 1920; Renoir's Reclining Nude of 1902; Kandinsky's Autumn Landscape, Murnau from 1908, and Picasso's Striped Bodice from September 1943.
  59. Kimmelman, Michael: How the MoMA got the Van Gogh, The New York Times, 09 October 1989.
  60. News: 2015-11-12 . La police monégasque a disséqué les transactions du Genevois - Le Temps . fr . 2023-08-13 . 1423-3967.
  61. Web site: Esteve . Camille . 2023-03-15 . Dmitri Rybolovlev poursuit Sotheby's en justice aux États-Unis pour complicité de fraude . 2023-08-13 . Monaco Tribune . fr-FR.
  62. News: Small . Zachary . November 8, 2023 . Picasso Sells for $139.4 Million, Despite a Sagging Art Market . The New York Times . live . November 9, 2023 . https://archive.today/20231109034219/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/08/arts/design/picasso-sothebys-emily-fisher-landau-auction.html . November 9, 2023.
  63. Alan Bond could not pay off the painting, and Irises was resold (probably for somewhat less) to the Getty Museum.
  64. Marc Spiegler, he Hunt for the Red Collector, New York Magazine, 22 August 2006.
  65. http://www.sothebys.com/app/live/lot/LotDetail.jsp?lot_id=4LY4N Lot description and auction details
  66. Web site: Archivio Corriere della Sera. archiviostorico.corriere.it.
  67. Dan Duray, qatar may have purchased Warhol's 'Eight Elvises', ArtNews 08/07/14
  68. The Pop master's highs and lows, The Economist, 26 November 2009.
  69. Web site: Nahmads confirm Picasso's $115m flower girl will go to Paris. www.theartnewspaper.com. 15 May 2018 . 2020-02-09.
  70. News: Rockefeller Picasso sells for $115 million including feesauthor=Robert Frank. CNBC.
  71. Price excludes sales commission and other costs.
  72. Web site: DIC Sells 'Anna's Light' Painting For Y10.3bn Gain. 2013-11-18. 2013-10-08. https://web.archive.org/web/20131008145346/http://e.nikkei.com/e/fr/tnks/Nni20131004D0410A08.htm. dead.
  73. Web site: サービス終了のお知らせ - NAVER まとめ. matome.naver.jp.
  74. Web site: Regarding extraordinary profit associated with the sale of a certain painting owned by the company and revision of its consolidated operating result forecast . 2013-11-18 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150923214533/http://www.dic-global.com/en/release/pdf/20131004_01.pdf . 2015-09-23 . dead .
  75. http://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/2013/nov-2013-contemporary-evening-n09037/lot.16.html Silver Car Crash auction results
  76. News: Pogrebin . Robin . Reyburn . Scott . 2017-05-17 . How Basquiat Became the $60 Million Man . en-US . The New York Times . 2022-05-10 . 0362-4331.
  77. https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/26/arts/design/110-million-basquiat-painting-yusaku-maezawa.html Why Spend $110 Million on a Basquiat?
  78. News: A Basquiat Sells for 'Mind-Blowing' $110.5 Million at Auction. Robin. Pogrebin. Scott. Reyburn. The New York Times . 18 May 2017.
  79. News: Wullschlager. Jackie. August 22, 2020. The Making of Impressionism. The Financial Times. https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/https://www.ft.com/content/ab933d77-a6a0-4471-95da-f14a6766d1ae . 2022-12-10 . subscription. August 22, 2020.
  80. Scott Reyburn, A Monet Sells for $110.7 Million, an Auction High for an Impressionist Work, The New York Times, May 14, 2019.
  81. Exact date of sale is not known.
  82. Web site: Qatar bought Ford House's $100-million Cezanne. Mark Stryker, Detroit Free Press Staff Writer. 5 February 2015. Detroit Free Press.
  83. Web site: $100M for Cézanne painting? Ford House couldn't refuse. Mark Stryker, Detroit Free Press Staff Writer. 19 December 2014. Detroit Free Press.
  84. Web site: Secret $100 Million Cézanne Sale in Detroit – artnet News. Sarah Cascone. 19 December 2014. artnet News.
  85. Web site: Wine Spectator Online: Unfiltered . Château Pétrus Makes a Record-Breaking Sale—of Art . 21 May 2008 . 7 February 2010 . https://web.archive.org/web/20090123233921/http://www.winespectator.com/Wine/Features/0,1197,4396,00.html . 23 January 2009 . dead .
  86. Cristina Ruiz and Sarah Thornton Roman Abramovich brings home the $86.3m Bacon and the $33.6m Freud, The Art Newspaper, 1 June 2008
  87. http://www.sothebys.com/app/live/lot/LotDetail.jsp?lot_id=159456705 Lot description and auction details
  88. Web site: Femme assise près d'une fenêtre (Marie-Thérèse), 1932. 2022-01-24. Widewalls. en.
  89. Judd Tully, Auction; `Blue' Picasso Breaks Record at $51.7 Million, The Washington Post, Dec 1, 1989
  90. Carol Vogel, Works by Johns and de Kooning Sell for $143.5 Million, The New York Times, October 12, 2006
  91. Annenberg subsequently donated it to the Metropolitan Museum of Art.
  92. News: Johnson. Steve. July 25, 2020. Now hanging at the Art Institute: Chicago billionaire Ken Griffin's new, $100 million Basquiat canvas. Chicago Tribune. 2020-09-30.
  93. Web site: Kazakina. Katya. June 4, 2020. Ken Griffin Buys Basquiat Painting for More Than $100 Million. 2020-09-30. Bloomberg.
  94. Carol Vogel, Inside Art: Buying a Warhol 'Marilyn', The New York Times, 25 May 2007
  95. http://www.getty.edu/news/press/center/titian_acq.html The Getty secures masterpiece portrait by Titian
  96. Will Bennett, The $70 million soldier, The Daily Telegraph, 23 February 2004
  97. https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/art/art-news/9254215/Mark-Rothko-painting-sets-post-war-auction-record.html Mark Rothko painting sets post-war auction record
  98. Web site: Neuendorf . Henri . 2018-09-28 . The Impressionist Pioneer vs. the Postmodern Master: Two $30 Million Paintings Will Duel at Christie's and Sotheby's This Fall . 2023-08-13 . Artnet News . en-US.
  99. http://www.christies.com/LotFinder/lot_details.aspx?intObjectID=5100003 Lot description and auction details
  100. News: Badshah . Nadeem . 2023-06-27 . Gustav Klimt's Lady with a Fan sells for £85.3m, breaking European record . en-GB . The Guardian . 2023-06-28 . 0261-3077.
  101. Cite web
  102. Scott Reyburn, Hopper Painting Sells for Record $91.9 Million at Christie’s, The New York Times, November 13, 2018
  103. Scott Reyburn and Robin Pogrebin, David Hockney Painting Sells for $90 Million, Smashing Record for Living Artist, The New York Times, November 15, 2018
  104. Web site: Post-War and Contemporary Evening Sale – Fine Art Auction – Search Results – Christie's. 5 October 2014.
  105. News: Thornton . Sarah . Adam . Georgina . Revealed: $72.8m Rockefeller Rothko has gone to Qatar . . May 4, 2008 . May 6, 2008 . August 20, 2009 . https://web.archive.org/web/20090820010636/http://www.theartnewspaper.com/article.asp?id=7946 . dead .
  106. http://www.sothebys.com/app/live/lot/LotDetail.jsp?lot_id=159362867 Lot description and auction details
  107. Web site: The Heirs of a Jewish Banker are Taking a Japanese Company to Court over an Allegedly Nazi-Looted Van Gogh. MSN.
  108. Web site: Report: Alice Walton Was Buyer of Record-Breaking $88.8 M. Rauschenberg at Christie's. Durón. Maximilíano. 2019-06-04. ARTnews.com. en-US. 2020-02-09.
  109. Web site: How Robert Rauschenberg 'rewrote the rules of the game' . www.christies.com. en. 2020-02-09.
  110. Carol Vogel, A Warhol Leads a Night of Soaring Prices at Christie’s, The New York Times, Nov 13, 2014
  111. http://www.christies.com/lotfinder/paintings/andy-warhol-triple-elvis-ferus-type-5846064-details.aspx?from=salesummary&intObjectID=5846064&sid=e1f43629-458c-45cf-8265-fbda3819355a Andy Warhol's "Triple Elvis" auction results
  112. http://www.christies.com/lotfinder/lot_details.aspx?intObjectID=4913707 Lot description and auction details
  113. Web site: Christie's PWC Evening = $658.5m. May 14, 2015. Art Market Monitor.
  114. Web site: Mark Rothko (1903–1970), No. 10. www.christies.com.
  115. Web site: May 11, 2021. Basquiat's In This Case headlines Christie's inaugural 21st Century Evening Sale at $93,105,000. 2021-05-12. Christie's. en.
  116. News: Kazakina. Katya. 2021-01-28. A Botticelli Portrait Sells for $92 Million at Sotheby's Auction. en-US. The New York Times. https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20211228/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/28/arts/design/sandro-botticelli-painting-sothebys.html . 2021-12-28 . limited. 2021-01-28. 0362-4331.
  117. http://www.christies.com/lotfinder/paintings/claude-monet-meule-6037815-details.aspx Claude Monet's "Meule"
  118. Web site: Christie's 'Secret Weapon' in Rockefeller's 'Sale of the Century' Auctions News THE VALUE Art News. TheValue.com. en-US. 2020-02-09.
  119. Web site: 2018-05-10. Claude Monet (1840–1926), Nymphéas en fleur. www.christies.com.
  120. Usually estimated at "over €50 M" or "between 50 and 60 million Euros". On July 12, 2011, $75M was equivalent to €53M.
  121. http://www.theartnewspaper.com/articles/Greatest-German-Renaissance-Madonna-sold-by-prince/24331 Greatest German Renaissance Madonna sold by prince
  122. http://www.christies.com/lotfinder/paintings/vincent-van-gogh-laboureur-dans-un-champ-6108742-details.aspx Vincent van Gogh (1853–1890) Laboureur dans un champ
  123. https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/auction/2020/contemporary-art-evening-auction/francis-bacon-triptych-inspired-by-the-oresteia-of?locale=en Lot description and auction details
  124. Farah Nayeri, U.K. Buys Titian Diana Painting for 50 Million Pounds, Bloomberg, February 2, 2009
  125. Mike Wade, Titian deal paves way for next acquisition, The Sunday Times, 2 February 2009
  126. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/scotland/edinburgh_and_east/7863635.stm Funds secured for Titian painting
  127. Salisbury, Stephan (November 14, 2006), A divisive deal, The Philadelphia Inquirer
  128. Web site: Mark Rothko: No. 1 (Royal Red and Blue). November 2012. Sotheby's. https://web.archive.org/web/20150924131008/http://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/2012/contemporary-art-evening-auction-n08900/lot.19.lotnum.html. 2015-09-24. dead.
  129. Re-sold for £12m to Stavros Niarchos in 1993.
  130. A Belgian banker and collector who bought it in 1939 for $18,000. His was the last name on the 1988 provenance list; painting came from "a private collection in Arizona"
  131. Web site: 2018-05-10. Claude Monet (1840–1926), Odalisque couchée aux magnolias. www.christies.com.
  132. http://www.christies.com/LotFinder/lot_details.aspx?pos=6&intObjectID=1917887 Lot description and auction details
  133. Kelly Crow, Sotheby's Sells $68.9 Million Modigliani, The Wall Street Journal, November 3, 2010
  134. Web site: Nu assis sur un divan auction details at Sotheby's. 5 October 2014. 24 September 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150924143620/http://www.sothebys.com/en/catalogues/ecatalogue.html/2010/impressionist-modern-art-evening-sale-n08675#/r=/en/ecat.fhtml.N08675.html+r.m=/en/ecat.lot.N08675.html/7/. dead.
  135. Web site: Willem de Kooning . Twcdc.com . 2013-04-30.
  136. News: Reyburn . Scott . 2022-05-19 . Basquiat Tops Phillips Contemporary Sale at $85 Million . en-US . The New York Times . 2022-05-30 . 0362-4331.
  137. News: Pauline McLean BBC Scotland arts correspondent . Titian masterpiece Diana and Callisto saved for nation . Bbc.co.uk . 2012-03-01.
  138. News: Sale Offers a Reason for Relief at Sotheby's. Robin. Pogrebin. Scott. Reyburn. The New York Times . 12 November 2015.
  139. Web site: Ming Dynasty Scroll Sells for Record $77 Million at Auction. Bloomberg.com. Marlow. Lain. October 23, 2020.
  140. Carter B. Horsley, The Collection of Eleanore and Daniel Saidenberg
  141. http://www.christies.com/lotfinder/Lot/francis-bacon-1909-1992-portrait-of-george-dyer-5766924-details.aspx Francis Bacon (1909–1992) Portrait of George Dyer Talking
  142. Carol Vogel, Francis Bacon Work Sells for $70 Million at Christie’s Auction, The New York Times, February 13, 2014
  143. Carol Vogel, A Gauguin and a van Gogh Change Hands, The New York Times, Oct 7, 2005
  144. http://www.christies.com/lotfinder/paintings/cy-twombly-untitled-5846075-details.aspx?from=salesummary&intObjectID=5846075&sid=e1f43629-458c-45cf-8265-fbda3819355a Cy Twombly's Untitled auction results
  145. http://www.christies.com/lotfinder/paintings/andy-warhol-four-marlons-5846065-details.aspx?from=salesummary&intObjectID=5846065&sid=e1f43629-458c-45cf-8265-fbda3819355a Andy Warhol's "Four Marlons" auction results
  146. Web site: Magritte 'Masterpiece' Sells for Record-Breaking $79.8 M. During Sotheby's Sale. Angelica. Villa. 2 March 2022. www.artnews.com.
  147. News: China auction sees Qi Baishi painting sell for $65m. BBC News. 5 October 2014. May 23, 2011.
  148. Web site: The buyer of 422.5 Million Qi Baishi painting revealed. 5 October 2014.
  149. Web site: What Are The Top 10 Al-Thani Family Art Acquisitions?. Christie Chu. 14 November 2014. ArtNet News.
  150. Carol Vogel, Auction Records Fall at Phillips’s Sale of Contemporary Masters, NY Times, November 10, 2010
  151. Web site: Fernand Léger (1881–1955), Contraste de formes. Christie's. en. 2017-11-21.
  152. Web site: La Gommeuse. Sotheby's.
  153. News: Pogrebin. Robin. Warmer Response at Sotheby's 2nd Night of Auctions. The New York Times. 6 November 2015 .
  154. News: Hong Kong Billionaire Lau Sets Two Records in 24 Hours. Balfour. Frederik. Bloomberg Business. November 12, 2015. December 16, 2015.
  155. Brian Boucher, Led by $66M Van Gogh, Sotheby's Impressionist and Modern Sale Robustly Kicks Off Season, Artnet, May 5, 2015
  156. Web site: Willem de Kooning (1904–1997), Untitled XXV. Christie's. 2017-11-21.
  157. Web site: Wang Meng painting auction for $62 million. 吴南岚. 5 October 2014.
  158. News: A Petite $69 Million Picasso Leads Sotheby's Solid $189 Million Impressionist Sale in London. 2018-02-28. artnet news. 2020-02-09.
  159. Web site: Property from a Distinguished Private Collection – Pablo Picasso – Femme Au Béret Et À La Robe Quadrillée (Marie-Thérèse Walter). 2018. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20180301211907/http://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/2018/impressionist-modern-art-evening-sale-l18002/lot.7.html. 2018-03-01. 2020-02-09.
  160. http://www.getty.edu/art/collection/objects/268843/edouard-manet-jeanne-spring-french-1881/ Jeanne (Spring)
  161. Craig Nakano, Getty breaks record with $65.1-million purchase of Manet's 'Spring', LA Times, November 5, 2014
  162. Carol Vogel, As Stocks Fall, Art Surges at a $315.8 Million Sale, NY Times, November 9, 2011
  163. Web site: VINCENT VAN GOGH (1853-1890). 2021-11-12. www.christies.com. en.
  164. https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/auction/2021/impressionist-modern-art-evening-sale/le-bassin-aux-nympheas-2 Claude Monet's "Le Bassin aux nymphéas" auction results
  165. Nate Freeman, A Zao Wou-Ki painting sold for $65 million, breaking records for a work by an Asian artist, Artsy, October 1, 2018
  166. https://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/2018/modern-art-evening-sale-hk0809/lot.1004.html Zao Wou-Ki's "Juin-Octobre 1985" auction results
  167. Web site: Inmaculada Concepción de los Venerables o «de Soult», La [Murillo]]. González. Enrique Valdivieso. Museo del Prado. Spanish. Immaculate Conception of the Venerables or «de Soult», La [Murillo]. 5 March 2024.
  168. Book: A Popular Handbook to the National Gallery . 1 . Ruskin, J . 1888 . MacMillan & Company . London . 111–112 .
  169. Web site: Museum Gets Rembrandt for 2.3 Million. Knox. Sanka. November 16, 1961. The New York Times. 1. March 5, 2024.
  170. News: From the Observer archive: 29 November 1970: A Velázquez now forever scarred by its £2m price-tag. Gosling. Nigel. 2013-12-01. The Guardian. 2024-03-05. en-GB. 0261-3077.
  171. Book: Guinness Book of World Records. McWhirter. Norris. McWhirter. Ross. Sterling Publishing Co., Inc.. 1972. 0-8069-0004-0. 177. March 5, 2024. Internet Archive.
  172. Book: Guinness Book of World Records. McWhirter. Norris. Bantam Books. 1982. 0-553-20356-8. 202-203. March 5, 2024. Internet Archive.
  173. Book: The Guinness Book of Records 1987. Russell. Alan. Guinness Superlatives Ltd. 1986. 0-85112-439-9. 80. March 6, 2024. Internet Archive.
  174. News: The Times. July 6, 1984. 1. £7.3 million record for Turner painting. Geraldine. Norman.
  175. News: The Washington Post. July 6, 1984. 1. Turner Painting Sold for Record $10 Million. Mary. Jordan. March 6, 2024.
  176. The paintings transferred to the dealers include a late Monet entitled Corona (Water Lilies) from around 1920; Renoir's Reclining Nude of 1902; Kandinsky's Autumn Landscape, Murnau from 1908, and Picasso's Striped Bodice from September 1943.
  177. Exact price (even the currency of sale) is not known, with estimates from $250 million to $300 million

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