List of marine mammal species explained

Marine mammals comprise over 130 living and recently extinct species in three taxonomic orders. The Society for Marine Mammalogy, an international scientific society, maintains a list of valid species and subspecies, most recently updated in October 2015.^[1] This list follows the Society's taxonomy regarding and subspecies.

Conservation status codes listed follow the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (v. 2014.3; data current at 19 January 2015^[2]) and are clickable to link to IUCN Red List species pages.

- extinct - extinct in the wild - critically endangered - endangered - vulnerable - near threatened - least concern - data deficient - not evaluated

Order Cetartiodactyla

Footnote on use of Cetartiodactyla

Mysticeti

Balaenidae

• North Atlantic right whale, Eubalaena glacialis
• North Pacific right whale, Eubalaena japonica
• Southern right whale, Eubalaena australis
• Bowhead whale or Greenland right whale, Balaena mysticetus

Balaenopteridae

• Common minke whale, Balaenoptera acutorostrata (ssp. acutorostrata - North Atlantic minke whale, ssp. scammoni - North Pacific minke whale, unnamed ssp. dwarf minke whale)
• Antarctic minke whale, Balaenoptera bonaerensis
• Sei whale, Balaenoptera borealis (ssp. borealis - northern sei whale, ssp. schlegellii - southern sei whale)
• Bryde's whale, Balaenoptera edeni (ssp. brydei - Bryde's whale, ssp. edeni - Eden's whale)
• Omura's whale, Balaenoptera omurai
• Blue whale, Balaenoptera musculus (ssp. musculus - northern blue whale, ssp. brevicauda - pygmy blue whale , ssp. intermedia - southern blue whale , ssp. indica - great Indian blue whale)
• Fin whale, Balaenoptera physalus (ssp. patachonica pygmy fin whale, ssp. physalus - northern fin whale but Mediterranean Subpopulation , ssp. quoyi - southern fin whale)
• Humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae (ssp. novaeangliae North Atlantic humpback whale, ssp. kuzira - North Pacific humpback whale, ssp. australis - southern humpback whale but Oceania subpopulation , isolated subpopulation in Arabian Sea )

Neobalaenidae

• Pygmy right whale, Caperea marginata

Eschrichtiidae

• Gray whale, Eschrichtius robustus

Odontoceti

Physeteridae

• Sperm whale, Physeter macrocephalus

Kogiidae

• Pygmy sperm whale, Kogia breviceps
• Dwarf sperm whale, Kogia simus

Ziphiidae

• Arnoux's beaked whale, Berardius arnuxii

• Baird's beaked whale, Berardius bairdii
• Sato's beaked whale, Berardius minimus
• Northern bottlenose whale, Hyperoodon ampullatus
• Southern bottlenose whale, Hyperoodon planifrons
• Tropical bottlenose whale, Indopacetus pacificus
• Sowerby's beaked whale, Mesoplodon bidens
• Andrews' beaked whale, Mesoplodon bowdoini
• Hubbs' beaked whale, Mesoplodon carlhubbsi
• Blainville's beaked whale, Mesoplodon densirostris
• Gervais' beaked whale, Mesoplodon europaeus
• Ginkgo-toothed beaked whale, Mesoplodon ginkgodens
• Gray's beaked whale, Mesoplodon grayi
• Hector's beaked whale, Mesoplodon hectori
• Deraniyagala's beaked whale, Mesoplodon hotaula
• Strap-toothed whale, Mesoplodon layardii
• True's beaked whale, Mesoplodon mirus
• Perrin's beaked whale, Mesoplodon perrini
• Pygmy beaked whale, Mesoplodon peruvianus
• Stejneger's beaked whale, Mesoplodon stejnegeri
• Spade-toothed whale, Mesoplodon traversii
• Shepherd's beaked whale, Tasmacetus shepherdi
• Cuvier's beaked whale, Ziphius cavirostris

Platanistidae

• Ganges river dolphin, Platanista gangetica
• Indus river dolphin, Platanista minor

Iniidae

• Amazon river dolphin, Inia geoffrensis (ssp. geoffrensis - common boto, ssp. boliviensis - Bolivian bufeo)

Lipotidae

• Baiji, Lipotes vexillifer , possibly ^[3]

Pontoporiidae

• La Plata dolphin (Franciscana), Pontoporia blainvillei

Monodontidae

• Beluga, Delphinapterus leucas (Cook Inlet Subpopulation )
• Narwhal, Monodon monoceros

Delphinidae

• Commerson's dolphin, Cephalorhynchus commersonii (ssp. commersonii - Commerson's dolphin, ssp. kerguelenensis - Kerguelen Islands Commerson’s dolphin)
• Chilean dolphin, Cephalorhynchus eutropia
• Heaviside's dolphin, Cephalorhynchus heavisidii
• Hector's dolphin, Cephalorhynchus hectori (ssp. hectori - South Island Hector’s dolphin , ssp. maui - Maui's dolphin or North Island Hector’s dolphin )
• Long-beaked common dolphin, Delphinus capensis (ssp. capensis - long-beaked common dolphin, ssp. tropicalis - Indo-Pacific common dolphin)
• Short-beaked common dolphin, Delphinus delphis (ssp. delphis - short-beaked common dolphin Mediterranean Subpopulation , ssp. ponticus - Black Sea common dolphin )
• Pygmy killer whale, Feresa attenuata
• Short-finned pilot whale, Globicephala macrorhynchus
• Long-finned pilot whale, Globicephala melas (ssp. edwardii - southern long-finned pilot whale, ssp. melas - North Atlantic long-finned pilot whale, unnamed spp. - North Pacific long-finned pilot whale)
• Risso's dolphin, Grampus griseus
• Fraser's dolphin, Lagenodelphis hosei
• White-beaked dolphin, Lagenorhynchus albirostris
• Atlantic white-sided dolphin, Lagenorhynchus acutus
• Peale's dolphin, Lagenorhynchus australis
• Hourglass dolphin, Lagenorhynchus cruciger
• Pacific white-sided dolphin, Lagenorhynchus obliquidens
• Dusky dolphin, Lagenorhynchus obscurus (ssp. fitzroyi - Fitzroy’s dolphin, ssp. obscurus - African dusky dolphin, ssp. posidonia - Chilean dusky dolphin, unnamed spp. - New Zealand dusky dolphin)
• Northern right whale dolphin, Lissodelphis borealis
• Southern right whale dolphin, Lissodelphis peronii
• Irrawaddy dolphin, Orcaella brevirostris
• Australian snubfin dolphin, Orcaella heinsohni
• Orca (killer whale), Orcinus orca (unnamed ssp. - resident killer whale, unnamed ssp. transient killer whale)
• Melon-headed whale, Peponocephala electra
• False killer whale, Pseudorca crassidens
• Atlantic humpback dolphin, Sousa teuszii
• Indo-Pacific humpbacked dolphin, Sousa chinensis , (ssp. chinensis - Chinese humpback dolphin, ssp. taiwanensis - Taiwanese humpback dolphins)
• Indian Ocean humpback dolphin, Sousa plumbea
• Australian humpback dolphin, Sousa sahulensis
• Tucuxi, Sotalia fluvialis
• Guiana dolphin (Costero), Sotalia guianensis
• Pantropical spotted dolphin, Stenella attenuata (ssp. attenuata - Offshore pantropical spotted dolphin, ssp. graffmani - Coastal pantropical spotted dolphin)
• Clymene dolphin, Stenella clymene
• Striped dolphin, Stenella coeruleoalba
• Atlantic spotted dolphin, Stenella frontalis
• Spinner dolphin, Stenella longirostris (ssp. centroamericana - Central American spinner dolphin, ssp. longirostris - Gray’s spinner dolphin, ssp. orientalis - Eastern spinner dolphin , ssp. roseiventris - dwarf spinner dolphin)
• Rough-toothed dolphin, Steno bredanensis
• Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops aduncus
• Common bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus (ssp. truncatus - Atlantic bottlenose dolphin Fiordland subpopulation and Mediterranean subpopulation , ssp. gillii - Pacific bottlenose dolphin, ssp. poncticus - Black Sea bottlenose dolphin )
• Burrunan dolphin, Tursiops australis

Phocoenidae

• Indo-Pacific finless porpoise, Neophocaena phocaenoides
• Narrow-ridged finless porpoise, Neophocaena asiaeorientalis , (spp. asiaeorientalis - Yangtze finless porpoise , ssp. sumameri - East Asian finless porpoise (sunameri))
• Spectacled porpoise, Phocoena dioptrica
• Harbour porpoise, Phocoena phocoena (Baltic Sea subpopoulation ) (ssp. phocoena - Atlantic harbour porpoise, ssp. vomerina - Eastern Pacific harbour porpoise, ssp. relicta - Black Sea harbour porpoise , unnamed ssp. Western Pacific harbour porpoise)
• Vaquita, Phocoena sinus
• Burmeister's porpoise, Phocoena spinipinnis
• Dall’s porpoise, Phocoenoides dalli (ssp. dalli - Dalli-type Dall’s porpoise, ssp. truei - Truei-type Dall’s porpoise)

Order Sirenia

• Amazonian manatee, Trichechus inunguis
• West Indian manatee, Trichechus manatus (ssp. latirostris - Florida manatee , ssp. manatus - Antillean manatee )
• African manatee, Trichechus senegalensis

• Dugong, Dugong dugon
• Steller's sea cow, Hydrodamalis gigas

Order Carnivora

Pinnipedia

Otariidae

• Brown fur seal, Arctocephalus pusillus (ssp. pusillus - Cape fur seal, ssp. doriferus - Australian fur seal)
• South American fur seal, Arctophoca australis (ssp. australis - South American fur seal, unnamed ssp. - Peruvian fur seal)
• New Zealand fur seal, Arctophoca forsteri
• Galápagos fur seal, Arctophoca galapagoensis
• Antarctic fur seal, Arctophoca gazella
• Juan Fernández fur seal, Arctophoca philippii
• Guadalupe fur seal, Arctophoca townsendi
• Subantarctic fur seal, Arctophoca tropicalis
• Northern fur seal, Callorhinus ursinus
• Steller sea lion, Eumetopias jubatus (ssp. jubatus - western Steller sea lion , ssp. monteriensis - Loughlin’s Steller sea lion )
• Australian sea lion, Neophoca cinerea
• South American sea lion, Otaria byronia
• New Zealand sea lion, Phocarctos hookeri
• California sea lion, Zalophus californianus
• Japanese sea lion, Zalophus japonicus
• Galápagos sea lion, Zalophus wollebaeki

Odobenidae

• Walrus, Odobenus rosmarus (ssp. divergens - Pacific walrus, ssp. rosmarus - Atlantic walrus)

Phocidae

• Hooded seal, Cystophora cristata
• Bearded seal, Erignathus barbatus (ssp. barbatus - Atlantic bearded seal, ssp. nauticus - Pacific bearded seal)
• Grey seal, Halichoerus grypus (ssp. grypus - Western Atlantic grey seal, ssp. macrorhynchus - Eastern Atlantic grey seal)
• Ribbon seal, Histriophoca fasciata
• Leopard seal, Hydrurga leptonyx
• Weddell seal, Leptonychotes weddellii
• Crabeater seal, Lobodon carcinophagus
• Southern elephant seal, Mirounga leonina
• Northern elephant seal, Mirounga angustirostris
• Mediterranean monk seal, Monachus monachus
• Hawaiian monk seal, Neomonachus schauinslandi
• Caribbean monk seal, Neomonachus tropicalis
• Ross seal, Ommatophoca rossii
• Harp seal, Pagophilus groenlandicus
• Harbor seal, Phoca vitulina (ssp. vitulina - Atlantic harbor seal, ssp. mellonae - Ungava harbor seal, ssp. richardii - Pacific harbour seal)
• Spotted seal, Phoca largha
• Ringed seal, Pusa hispida (ssp. hispida - Arctic ringed seal, ssp. botnica - Baltic ringed seal, ssp. ochotensis - Okhotsk ringed seal, ssp. ladogensis - Lake Logoda ringed seal, ssp. saimensis - Saima seal)
• Caspian seal, Pusa caspica
• Baikal seal, Pusa sibirica

Ursidae

• Polar bear, Ursus maritimus

Mustelidae

• Sea otter, Enhydra lutris (ssp. kenyoni - northern sea otter, ssp. lutris - common sea otter, ssp. nereis - southern sea otter)
• Marine otter, Lontra felina
• Sea mink, Neovison macrodon

See also

• List of mammals
• List of cetaceans

Notes and References

1. Web site: The Society for Marine Mammalogy's Taxonomy Committee List of Species and Subspecies . Society for Marine Mammalogy . October 2015 . 12 June 2020 .
2. Web site: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources . 19 January 2015.
3. Samuel T Turvey . Robert L Pitman . Barbara L Taylor . Jay Barlow . Tomonari Akamatsu . Leigh A Barrett . Xiujiang Zhao . Randall R Reeves . Brent S Stewart . Kexiong Wang . Zhuo Wei . Xianfeng Zhang . L.T Pusser . Michael Richlen . John R Brandon . Ding Wang . 2007. First human-caused extinction of a cetacean species?. Biology Letters. 3. 537–540. 10.1098/rsbl.2007.0292. 5. 17686754. 2391192.