List of citrus diseases explained

The following is a list of diseases in citrus plants.

Bacterial diseases

Bacterial diseases
Bacterial spot Xanthomonas euvesicatoria pv. citrumelo
Black pit (fruit) Pseudomonas syringae
Blast Pseudomonas syringae
Xanthomonas citri pv. citri
Citrus variegated chlorosis Xylella fastidiosa
Huanglongbing = citrus greening Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus
Candidatus L. africanus

Fungal diseases

Fungal diseases
Albinism Alternaria alternata
Alternaria tenuis
Aspergillus flavus
Alternaria brown spot Alternaria alternata
Alternaria leaf spot of rough lemon Alternaria citri
Alternaria stem-end rot Alternaria citri
Anthracnose = wither-tip Glomerella cingulata
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides [anamorph]
Areolate leaf spot Thanatephorus cucumeris
Pellicularia filamentosa
Rhizoctonia solani [anamorph]
Black mold rot Aspergillus niger
Black root rot Thielaviopsis basicola
Chalara elegans [synanamorph]
Black rot Alternaria citri
Black spot Guignardia citricarpa
Phyllosticta citricarpa [synanamorph]
Blue mold Penicillium italicum
Botrytis blossom and twig blight, gummosis Botrytis cinerea
Botryotinia fuckeliana [teleomorph]
Branch knot Sphaeropsis tumefaciens
Brown rot (fruit) Phytophthora citricola
Phytophthora citrophthora
Phytophthora hibernalis
Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica
Phytophthora parasitica
Phytophthora palmivora
Phytophthora syringae
Charcoal root rot Macrophomina phaseolina
Citrus black spotGuignardia citricarpa
Damping-off Pythium sp.
Pythium aphanidermatum
Pythium debaryanum
Pythium rostratum
Pythium ultimum
Pythium vexans
Rhizoctonia solani
Diplodia gummosis and stem-end rot Lasiodiplodia theobromae
Botryodiplodia theobromae
Diplodia natalensis
Botryosphaeria rhodina [teleomorph]
Dothiorella gummosis and rot Botryosphaeria ribis
Dothiorella gregaria [anamorph]
Dry root rot complex Nectria haematococca
Fusarium solani [anamorph]
together with other wound-invading agents
Dry rot (fruit) Ashbya gossypii
Nematospora coryli
Fly speck Schizothyrium pomi
Zygophiala jamaicensis [anamorph]
Fusarium rot (fruit) Fusarium spp.
Fusarium wilt Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. citri
Gray mold (fruit) Botrytis cinerea
Greasy spot and greasy spot rind blotch Mycosphaerella citri
Stenella citri-grisea [anamorph]
Green mold Penicillium digitatum
Heart rot Ganoderma applanatum
Ganoderma brownii
Ganoderma lucidum
and other basidiomycetes
Hendersonula branch wiltHendersonula toruloidea
Leaf spot Mycosphaerella horii
Mycosphaerella lageniformis
Mal secco Phoma tracheiphila
Deuterophoma tracheiphila
Mancha foliar de los citricos Alternaria limicola
Melanose Diaporthe citri
Phomopsis citri [anamorph]
Mucor fruit rot Mucor paronychia
Mucor racemosus
Mushroom root rot = shoestring root rot or oak root fungus Armillaria mellea
Clitocybe tabescens
Rhizomorpha subcorticalis [anamorph]
Phaeoramularia leaf and fruit spot Phaeoramularia angolensis
Phymatotrichum root rot Phymatotrichopsis omnivora
Phomopsis citri
Diaporthe citri [teleomorph]
Phytophthora foot rot, gummosis and Phytophthora citrophthora
Phytophthora hibernalis
Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica
Phytophthora parasitica
Phytophthora palmivora
Phytophthora syringae
Pink disease Erythricium salmonicolor
Corticium salmonicolor
Necator decretus [anamorph]
Pink mold Gliocladium roseum
Pleospora rot Pleospora herbarum
Stemphylium herbarum [anamorph]
Poria root rot Oxyporus latemarginatus
Poria latemarginata
Post bloom fruit drop Colletotrichum acutatum
Powdery mildew Oidium tingitaninum
Acrosporium tingitaninum
Rhizopus rot Rhizopus stolonifer
Rio Grande gummosis Possibly Lasiodiplodia theobromae
Hendersonula toruloidea
and other unknown agents
Rootlet rot Pythium rostratum
Pythium ultimum
Rosellinia root rot Rosellinia sp.
Scab Elsinoë fawcettii
Sphaceloma fawcettii [anamorph]
Sclerotinia twig blight, fruit rot and root rot Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
Septoria spot Septoria citri
Sooty blotch Gloeodes pomigena
Sour rot Geotrichum citri-aurantii
Galactomyces citri-aurantii [teleomorph]
Galactomyces candidum
Galactomyces geotrichum [teleomorph]
Sweet orange scab Elsinoë australis
Thread blight Corticium stevensii
Pellicularia koleroga
Trichoderma rot Trichoderma viride
Hypocrea sp. [teleomorph]
Twig blight Rhytidhysteron rufulum
Ustulina root rot Ustulina deusta
Nodulisporium sp. [anamorph]
Whisker mold Penicillium ulaiense
White root rot Rosellinia sp.
Rosellinia necatrix
Dematophora necatrix [anamorph]
Rosellinia subiculata

Nematodes, parasitic

Nematodes, parasitic
Citrus slump nematode Pratylenchus coffeae
Dagger nematode Xiphinema spp.
Lesion nematode Pratylenchus spp.
Pratylenchus brachyurus
Pratylenchus coffeae
Pratylenchus vulnus
Needle nematode Longidorus spp.
Root-knot nematode Meloidogyne spp.
Sheath nematode Hemicycliophora spp.
Hemicycliophora arenaria
Slow decline (citrus nematode) Tylenchulus semipenetrans
Spreading decline (burrowing nematode) Radopholus similis
Sting nematode Belonolaimus longicaudatus
Stubby-root nematode Paratrichodorus spp.
Stunt nematode Tylenchorhynchus spp.

Viral diseases

Viral diseases
Citrus mosaic
Bud union crease Virus for some combinations, otherwise genetic or unknown
Citrus leaf rugose genus Ilarvirus, Citrus leaf rugose virus (CLRV)
Citrus yellow mosaic genus Badnavirus
Crinkly leaf Crinkly leaf virus (strain of Citrus variegation virus)
Infectious variegation genus Ilarvirus, Citrus variegation virus (CVV)
Navel infectious mottling
Psorosis Citrus psorosis virus (CPsV)
Satsuma dwarf Satsuma dwarf virus (SDV)
Tatter leaf = citrange stunt genus Capillovirus, Citrus tatter leaf virus (probably a closely related strain of Apple stem grooving virus rather than a distinct virus
Tristeza = decline and stem pitting, seedling yellows genus Closterovirus, Citrus tristeza virus (CTV)
Citrus Leprosis Virus type I & II

Viroids and graft-transmissible pathogens [GTP]

Viroids and graft-transmissible pathogens [GTP]
Algerian navel orange virus GTP
Blight = young tree decline, rough lemon decline GTP
Blind pocket GTP
Cachexia Citrus cachexia viroid (Hostuviroid)
Chlorotic dwarf White-fly transmitted GTP
Citrus dwarfing Various viroids
Citrus vein enation (CVEV) = woody gall GTP (possible luteovirus)
Citrus yellow mottle GTP
Citrus yellow ringspot GTP
Concave gum GTP
Cristacortis GTP
Exocortis
Fatal yellows GTP
Gummy bark GTP, possible viroid
Gum pocket and gummy pittings GTP, possible viroid
Impietratura GTP
Indian citrus ringspot GTP
Leaf curl GTP
Leathery leaf GTP
Leprosis GTP associated with Brevipalpus spp. mites
Measles GTP
Milam stem-pitting GTP
Multiple sprouting disease GTP
Nagami kumquat disease GTP
Ringspot diseases Various GTPs
Xyloporosis = cachexia Citrus cachexia viroid (Hostuviroid)
Yellow vein GTP
Yellow vein clearing of lemon GTP

Phytoplasmal and spiroplasmal diseases

Phytoplasmal and spiroplasmal diseases
Australian citrus dieback Unknown procaryote?
Spiroplasma citri (spread by leafhoppers)
Witches’ broom of lime Phytoplasma

Miscellaneous diseases and disorders

Miscellaneous diseases and disorders
Algal disease (algal spot) Cephaleuros virescens
Amachamiento Unknown
Blossom-end clearing Physiological
Chilling injury Cold temperatures
Citrus blightUnknown - pathogen suspected
Creasing Nutritional (?)
Crinkle scurf Genetic
Granulation Physiological
Lemon sieve-tube necrosis Unknown, but hereditary
Lime blotch = wood pocket Inherited chimeral agent
Membranous stain Cold temperatures
Mesophyll collapse Unknown
Oleocellosis Physiological
Postharvest pitting Physiological
Puffing Physiological
Rind breakdown Physiological
Rind staining Physiological
Rind stipple of grapefruit Environmental
Rumple of lemon fruit Unknown
Shell bark complex Unknown - (viroid?)
Sooty mold (superficial, not pathogenic) Capnodium
C. citricola
Capnodium sp.
Stem-end rind breakdown Physiological
Stylar-end breakdown of Tahiti lime Physiological
Stylar-end rind breakdown Physiological
Stylar-end rot Physiological
Sunburn Excessive heat and light
Tangerine dieback Unknown
Water spot Physiological
Woody galls on stemsBruchophagus fellis (Citrus Gall Wasp)
Zebra skin Physiological

References