S-phrases were defined in Annex IV:Safety advice concerning dangerous substances and preparations of the European Union Directive 67/548/EEC - Dangerous Substances Directive. The list was consolidated and republished in Directive 2001/59/EC, where translations into other EU languages may be found. The list was subsequently updated and republished in Directive 2006/102/EC, where translations to additional European languages were added.[1] The entirety of Directive 67/548/EEC, including these S-phrases, were superseded completely on 1 June 2015 by Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 - Classification, Labelling and Packaging Regulations.[2]
These safety phrases were used internationally and not just in Europe, and there is an ongoing effort towards complete international harmonization. This harmonization would be carried out by the United Nations's Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals, that replaced Directive 67/548/EEC under CLP Regulation. S-Phrases successor in GHS were GHS precautionary statements, which encompasses both s-phrases and R-phrases.[3] [2]
| Code | Phrase | |
|---|---|---|
| S1 | Keep locked up. | |
| S2 | Keep out of the reach of children. | |
| S3 | Keep in a cool place. | |
| S4 | Keep away from living quarters. | |
| S5 | Keep contents under ... (appropriate liquid to be specified by the manufacturer). | |
| S6 | Keep under ... (inert gas to be specified by the manufacturer). | |
| S7 | Keep container tightly closed. | |
| S8 | Keep container dry. | |
| S9 | Keep container in a well-ventilated place. | |
| S10 | Keep contents wet. (No longer used, removed from regulations) | |
| S11 | Avoid contact with air. (No longer used, removed from regulations) | |
| S12 | Do not keep the container sealed | |
| S13 | Keep away from food, drink and animal feedingstuffs. | |
| S14 | Keep away from ... (incompatible materials to be indicated by the manufacturer) | |
| S15 | Keep away from heat. | |
| S16 | Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking. | |
| S17 | Keep away from combustible material. | |
| S18 | Handle and open container with care. | |
| S20 | When using do not eat or drink. | |
| S21 | When using do not smoke. | |
| S22 | Do not breathe dust. | |
| S23 | Do not breathe gas/fumes/vapour/spray (appropriate wording to be specified by the manufacturer). | |
| S24 | Avoid contact with skin. | |
| S25 | Avoid contact with eyes. | |
| S26 | In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. | |
| S27 | Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. | |
| S28 | After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of ... (to be specified by the manufacturer). | |
| S29 | Do not empty into drains. | |
| S30 | Never add water to this product. | |
| S33 | Take precautionary measures against static discharges. (No longer used, removed from regulations) | |
| S34 | Avoid strokes and frictions. (No longer used, removed from regulations) | |
| S35 | This material and its container must be disposed of in a safe way. | |
| S36 | Wear suitable protective clothing. | |
| S37 | Wear suitable gloves. | |
| S38 | In case of insufficient ventilation wear suitable respiratory equipment. | |
| S39 | Wear eye/face protection. | |
| S40 | To clean the floor and all objects contaminated by this material use ... (to be specified by the manufacturer). | |
| S41 | In case of fire and/or explosion do not breathe fumes. | |
| S42 | During fumigation/spraying wear suitable respiratory equipment (appropriate wording to be specified by the manufacturer). | |
| S43 | In case of fire use ... (indicate in the space the precise type of fire-fighting equipment. If water increases the risk add - Never use water). | |
| S44 | If you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately. (Show the label where possible.) (No longer used, removed from regulations) | |
| S45 | In case of accident or if you feel unwell seek medical advice immediately (show the label where possible). | |
| S46 | If swallowed, seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label. | |
| S47 | Keep at temperature not exceeding ... °C (to be specified by the manufacturer). | |
| S48 | Keep wet with ... (appropriate material to be specified by the manufacturer). | |
| S49 | Keep only in the original container. | |
| S50 | Do not mix with ... (to be specified by the manufacturer). | |
| S51 | Use only in well-ventilated areas. | |
| S52 | Not recommended for interior use on large surface areas. | |
| S53 | Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use. | |
| S54 | Before draining of to sewage disposal plant ask permission of the competent authority. (No longer used, removed from regulations) | |
| S55 | Before draining of into sewage system or into waters treat according to state of art. (No longer used, removed from regulations) | |
| S56 | Dispose of this material and its container at hazardous or special waste collection point. | |
| S57 | Use appropriate containment to avoid environmental contamination. | |
| S58 | Dispose as hazardous waste. (No longer used, removed from regulations) | |
| S59 | Refer to manufacturer/supplier for information on recovery/recycling. | |
| S60 | This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. | |
| S61 | Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions/safety data sheet. | |
| S62 | If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label where possible. | |
| S63 | In case of accident by inhalation: remove casualty to fresh air and keep at rest. | |
| S64 | If swallowed, rinse mouth with water (only if the person is conscious). | |
| Combinations of S phrases. | ||
| S1/2 | Keep locked up and out of the reach of children. | |
| S3/7 | Keep container tightly closed in a cool place. | |
| S3/7/9 | Keep container tightly closed in a cool, well-ventilated place. (No longer used, removed from regulations) | |
| S3/9/14 | Keep in a cool, well-ventilated place away from ... (incompatible materials to be indicated by the manufacturer). | |
| S3/9/14/49 | Keep only in the original container in a cool, well-ventilated place away from ... (incompatible materials to be indicated by the manufacturer). | |
| S3/9/49 | Keep only in the original container in a cool, well-ventilated place. | |
| S3/14 | Keep in a cool place away from ... (incompatible materials to be indicated by the manufacturer). | |
| S7/8 | Keep container tightly closed and dry. | |
| S7/9 | Keep container tightly closed and in a well-ventilated place. | |
| S7/47 | Keep container tightly closed and at temperature not exceeding ... °C (to be specified by the manufacturer). | |
| S20/21 | When using do not eat, drink or smoke. | |
| S24/25 | Avoid contact with skin and eyes. | |
| S27/28 | After contact with skin, take off immediately all contaminated clothing, and wash immediately with plenty of ... (to be specified by the manufacturer). | |
| S29/35 | Do not empty into drains; dispose of this material and its container in a safe way. | |
| S29/56 | Do not empty into drains, dispose of this material and its container at hazardous or special waste collection point. | |
| S36/37 | Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. | |
| S36/37/39 | Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. | |
| S36/39 | Wear suitable protective clothing and eye/face protection. | |
| S37/39 | Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection. | |
| S47/49 | Keep only in the original container at temperature not exceeding ... °C (to be specified by the manufacturer). |