Lipidome Explained

See also: Lipidomics. The lipidome refers to the totality of lipids in cells. Lipids are one of the four major molecular components of biological organisms, along with proteins, sugars and nucleic acids. Lipidome is a term coined in the context of omics in modern biology, within the field of lipidomics.^[1] It can be studied using mass spectrometry and bioinformatics as well as traditional lab-based methods.^{[2] [3]} The lipidome of a cell can be subdivided into the membrane-lipidome and mediator-lipidome.^[4]

The first cell lipidome to be published was that of a mouse macrophage in 2010.^[5] The lipidome of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been characterised with an estimated 95% coverage;^[6] studies of the human lipidome are ongoing.^[1] For example, the human plasma lipidome consist of almost 600 distinct molecular species.^[7] Research suggests that the lipidome of an individual may be able to indicate cancer risks associated with dietary fats, particularly breast cancer.^{[8] [9]}

See also

• Genome
• Proteome
• Glycome

Further reading

• Mutch DM, Fauconnot L, Grigorov M, Fay LB . Putting the 'Ome' in lipid metabolism . Biotechnol Annu Rev . 12 . 67–84 . 2006 . 17045192 . 10.1016/S1387-2656(06)12003-7 . Biotechnology Annual Review.
• van der Meer-Janssen YP, van Galen J, Batenburg JJ, Helms JB . Lipids in host-pathogen interactions: pathogens exploit the complexity of the host cell lipidome . Prog. Lipid Res. . 49 . 1 . 1–26 . January 2010 . 19638285 . 10.1016/j.plipres.2009.07.003 . 7112618 .
• Gaspar ML, Aregullin MA, Jesch SA, Nunez LR, Villa-García M, Henry SA . The emergence of yeast lipidomics . Biochim. Biophys. Acta . 1771 . 3 . 241–54 . March 2007 . 16920401 . 10.1016/j.bbalip.2006.06.011 .

External links

• Lipidomics gateway

Notes and References

1. Quehenberger O, Armando AM, Brown AH, etal . Lipidomics reveals a remarkable diversity of lipids in human plasma . J. Lipid Res. . 51 . 11 . 3299–305 . November 2010 . 20671299 . 10.1194/jlr.M009449 . free . 2952570.
2. Subramaniam S . Fahy E . Gupta S . Sud M . Byrnes R.W . Cotter D . Dinasarapu A.R . Maurya M.R . Bioinformatics and Systems Biology of the Lipidome. Chemical Reviews. 111. 10. 6452–6490. 2011 . 10.1021/cr200295k. 21939287. 3383319.
3. Seppänen-Laakso T, Oresic M . How to study lipidomes . J. Mol. Endocrinol. . 42 . 3 . 185–90 . March 2009 . 19060177 . 10.1677/JME-08-0150 . free .
4. Web site: Lipidomics. BioSoft. 7 May 2011.
5. Web site: First Functioning 'Lipidome' of Mouse Macrophage Described. ScienceDaily. 7 May 2011.
6. Ejsing CS, Sampaio JL, Surendranath V, etal . Global analysis of the yeast lipidome by quantitative shotgun mass spectrometry . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 106 . 7 . 2136–41 . February 2009 . 19174513 . 2650121 . 10.1073/pnas.0811700106 . free .
7. Quehenberger. Oswald. Dennis. Edward A.. 2011-11-10. The human plasma lipidome. The New England Journal of Medicine. 365. 19. 1812–1823. 10.1056/NEJMra1104901. 1533-4406. 3412394. 22070478.
8. Bougnoux P, Hajjaji N, Couet C . The lipidome as a composite biomarker of the modifiable part of the risk of breast cancer . Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids . 79 . 3–5 . 93–6 . 2008 . 18930643 . 10.1016/j.plefa.2008.09.004 .
9. Bougnoux P, Giraudeau B, Couet C . Diet, cancer, and the lipidome . Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. . 15 . 3 . 416–21 . March 2006 . 16537692 . 2755770 . 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-05-0546 .