Lead titanate explained

Lead(II) titanate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula PbTiO₃. It is the lead salt of titanic acid. Lead(II) titanate is a yellow powder that is insoluble in water.

At high temperatures, lead titanate adopts a cubic perovskite structure. At 760 K,^[1] the material undergoes a second order phase transition to a tetragonal perovskite structure which exhibits ferroelectricity. Lead titanate is one of the end members of the lead zirconate titanate (PZT) system, which is technologically one of the most important ferroelectric and piezoelectric ceramics; PbTiO₃ has a high ratio of k33 to kp with a high kt.

Lead titanate occurs in nature as mineral macedonite.^{[2] [3]}

Toxicity

Lead titanate is toxic, like other lead compounds. It irritates skin, mucous membranes and eyes. It may also cause harm to unborn babies and might have effects on fertility.^[4]

Solubility in water

The solubility of hydrothermally-synthesized perovskite-phase PbTiO₃ in water was experimentally determined at 25 and 80 °C to depend on pH and vary from 4.9x10⁻⁴ mol/kg at pH≈3, to 1.9x10⁻⁴ mol/kg at pH≈7.7, to "undetectable" (<3.2x10⁻⁷ mol/kg) in the range 10incongruent and was quantified as the analytical concentration of Pb.^[5]

Notes and References

1. Noheda . Beatriz . Cereceda . Noé . Iglesias . Tomás . Lifante . Ginés . Gonzalo . Julio A. . Chen . Hui Ting . Wang . Yong Ling . Composition dependence of the ferroelectric-paraelectric transition in the mixed system PbZr_1−xTi_xO₃ . Physical Review B . American Physical Society (APS) . 51 . 22 . 1995-06-01 . 0163-1829 . 10.1103/physrevb.51.16388 . 16388–16391. 9978623 . 1995PhRvB..5116388N .
2. Radusinović, Dušan and Markov, Cvetko "Macedonite - lead titanate: a new mineral", American Mineralogist 56, 387-394 (1971), http://www.minsocam.org/ammin/AM56/AM56_387.pdf
3. Burke, E.A.J. and Kieft, C. "Second occurrence of makedonite, PbTiO₃, Långban, Sweden", Lithos 4, 101-104 (1971)
4. Web site: Archived copy . 2010-09-12 . 2011-07-19 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110719173104/http://www.alfa.com/content/msds/USA/35671.pdf . dead .
5. Jooho Moon, Melanie L. Carasso, Henrik G. Krarup, Jeffrey A. Kerchner, "Particle-shape control and formation mechanisms of hydrothermally derived lead titanate", Journal of Materials Research, Vol. 14, No.3, March 1999.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237652068_Particle-Shape_Control_and_Formation_Mechanisms_of_Hydrothermally_Derived_Lead_Titanate