This is a list of bodies that consider themselves to be authorities on standard languages, often called language academies. Language academies are motivated by, or closely associated with, linguistic purism and prestige, and typically publish prescriptive dictionaries,[1] which purport to officiate and prescribe the meaning of words and pronunciations. A language regulator may also have a more descriptive approach, however, while maintaining and promoting (but not imposing) a standard spelling. Many language academies are private institutions, although some are governmental bodies in different states, or enjoy some form of government-sanctioned status in one or more countries. There may also be multiple language academies attempting to regulate and codify the same language, sometimes based in different countries and sometimes influenced by political factors.
| Language | Territory | Regulator(s) | Founded |
|---|
| Amis | | Council of Indigenous Peoples | 1996 |
| Afrikaans |  South Africa
 Namibia | Die Taalkommissie (The Language Commission) | 1909 |
| Akan |  Ghana | Akan Orthography Committee (AOC) | |
| Albanian |  Albania | Academy of Sciences of Albania | 1972 |
| Academy of Sciences and Arts of Kosovo | 1975 |
| Arabic | | Academy of the Arabic Language (مجمع اللغة العربية) | |
 Algeria | Supreme Council of the Arabic language in Algeria (المجلس الأعلى للغة العربية بالجزائر) | 1996 |
 Egypt | Academy of the Arabic Language in Cairo (مجمع اللغة العربية بالقاهرة) | 1932 |
 Iraq | Iraqi Academy of Sciences (المجمع العلمي العراقي) | 1948 |
 Jordan | Jordan Academy of Arabic (مجمع اللغة العربية الأردني) | 1924 |
 Libya | Academy of the Arabic Language in Jamahiriya | |
 Morocco | Academy of the Arabic Language in Morocco | 1960 |
 Saudi Arabia | King Salman Global Academy for Arabic Language (مجمع الملك سلمان العالمي للغة العربية) | |
 Somalia | Academy of the Arabic Language in Mogadishu | |
 Sudan | Academy of the Arabic Language in Khartum | |
| Academy of the Arabic Language in Damascus (مجمع اللغة العربية بدمشق) | 1918 |
 Tunisia | Beit Al-Hikma Foundation (مؤسسة بيت الحكمة) | 1992 |
 Israel
| Academy of the Arabic Language in Israel (مجمع اللغة العربية) | 2007 |
| Aragonese | | Instituto de l'Aragonés[2] (Previously: Academy of the Aragonese) | 2013 |
| Armenian |  Armenia | Armenian National Academy of Sciences (Հայաստան) | 1943 |
| Assamese |  India | Asam Sahitya Sabha (অসম সাহিত্য সভা) | 1917 |
| Asturian | | Academy of the Asturian Language (Academia de la Llingua Asturiana) | 1980 |
| Azerbaijani |  Azerbaijan
| Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences (Azərbaycan Milli Elmlər Akademiyası) | 1945 |
| Aymara | | Language and Culture Institute of the Aymara Nation (Instituto de Lengua y Cultura de la Nación Aymara - ILCNA) | 2013 |
| Balochi |
 Pakistan
 Afghanistan
 Oman | Balochi Academy Sarbaz (بلۏچی زبانءِ ربیدجاہ) | 2017 |
| Basque | Basque Country
Navarre
 French Basque Country | Euskaltzaindia, often translated as Royal Academy of the Basque language | 1918 |
| Belarusian |  Belarus | The Jakub Kolas and Janka Kupala Institute of Language and Literature[3] at the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus | 1929 |
| Bengali (Bangla) |  Bangladesh | Bangla Academy (বাংলা একাডেমি) | 1955 |
| India | Paschimbanga Bangla Akademi (পশ্চিমবঙ্গ বাংলা আকাদেমি) | 1986 |
| Berber | Morocco | Royal Institute of Amazight Culture | 2001 |
| Algeria | Haut-Conseil à l'amazighité (High Commission for Amazighity) | 1995 |
| Algerian Academy of Amazigh Language | 2017 |
| Bhojpuri | | Bhojpuri Academy, Bihar | |
| Maithili - Bhojpuri Academy, Delhi | |
| Bhojpuri Sahitya Academy, Madhya Pradesh | |
| Central Bikol |  Philippines | Academia Bicolana defunct | |
| Bosnian |  Bosnia and Herzegovina
Sandžak | University of Sarajevo | |
| Breton | | Public Office for the Breton Language (Ofis Publik ar Brezhoneg) | 2010 |
| Bulgarian |  Bulgaria | Institute for Bulgarian Language at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences | 1942 |
| Burmese |  Myanmar | Myanmar Language Commission (မြန်မာစာအဖွဲ့) | 1963 |
| Catalan | | Institute for Catalan Studies (Institut d'Estudis Catalans) | 1907 |
| Valencian Language Academy (Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua) | 2001 |
| Cebuano | Philippines | Visayan Academy of Arts and Letters (Akademyang Bisaya) | |
| Cherokee | | Council of the Cherokee Nation (ᏣᎳᎩᎯ ᎠᏰᎵ)[4] | |
| Standard Chinese |  China | State Language Work Committee (国家语言文字工作委员会) | 1986[5] |
| Ministry of Education (教育部) | |
 Singapore | Promote Mandarin Council (讲华语运动理事会) | 1979 |
 Malaysia | Chinese Language Standardisation Council of Malaysia (马来西亚华语规范理事会) | |
| Cornish | | Cornish Language Partnership (Keskowethyans an Taves Kernewek) | 2005 |
| Croatian |  Croatia | Institute of Croatian Language and Linguistics (Institut za hrvatski jezik i jezikoslovlje) | 1948 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| Czech |  Czech Republic | Institute of the Czech Language (of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic) (Czech: Ústav pro jazyk český (Akademie věd České republiky)) | 1946 |
| Danish |  Denmark | Dansk Sprognævn (Danish Language Council) | 1955 |
| Dalecarlian |  Dalarna County | Ulum Dalska | 1984 |
| Divehi |  Maldives | Dhivehi Academy (ދިވެހި އެކެޑަމީ) | 2011 |
| Dutch |  Netherlands
 Belgium
 Suriname | Dutch Language Union (Nederlandse Taalunie) | 1980 |
| Dzongkha |  Bhutan | Dzongkha Development Commission (Dzongkha: རྫོང་ཁ་གོང་འཕེལ་ལྷན་ཚོགས) | 1968 |
| English | None | None official, but the Oxford English Dictionary is the principal historical dictionary of the English language. | |
| Estonian |  Estonia | Emakeele Seltsi keeletoimkond (Language Board at the Mother Tongue Society) sets rules and standards, authoritative advice is given by the Institute of the Estonian Language (Eesti Keele Instituut) | 1993 |
| Faroese |  Faroe Islands | Faroese Language Board (Málráðið) | 1985 |
| Filipino | Philippines | Commission on the Filipino Language (Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino) | 1937 |
| Finnish |  Finland | Institute for the Languages of Finland | 1976 |
| French | France | French Academy (Académie Française) | 1635 |
| General Delegation for the French language and the languages of France (Délégation générale à la langue française et aux langues de France) | 1989 |
| Belgium | Royal Academy of French Language and Literature of Belgium (Académie royale de langue et de littérature françaises de Belgique) | 1920 |
| (Québec Office of the French Language) | 1961 |
| | Agjenzie Regjonâl pe Lenghe Furlane[6] | 2001 |
| Galician | | Royal Galician Academy | 1906 |
| Georgian | | Cabinet of Georgia (საქართველოს მთავრობა) | |
| German |  Germany
 Austria
 Switzerland
Belgium
 Liechtenstein
 Luxembourg
Namibia
| Council for German Orthography (Rat für deutsche Rechtschreibung) | 2004 |
| Greenlandic |  Greenland | The Greenland Language Secretariat (Oqaasileriffik) | 1998[7] |
| Guarani |  Paraguay | Guarani Language Academy (Guarani Ñe’ ẽ Rerekuapavẽ) | 2013 |
| Gujarati | India | Gujarat Sahitya Akademi (ગુજરાત સાહિત્ય અકાદમી) | 1981 |
| Hakka | | Hakka Affairs Council (客家委員會) | 2001 |
| Haitian Creole |  Haiti | Haitian Creole Academy (Akademi Kreyòl Ayisyen) | 2014 |
| Hebrew | Israel | Academy of the Hebrew Language (האקדמיה ללשון העברית) | 1890 |
| Hindi | India | Central Hindi Directorate (केन्द्रीय हिन्दी निदेशालय) | 1960 |
| Hmar | India | Hmar Literature Society | |
| Hungarian |  Hungary
 Slovakia
 Romania
 Serbia
Austria | Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics (Nyelvtudományi Kutatóközpont) | 1949 |
| Icelandic |  Iceland | Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies (Stofnun Árna Magnússonar í íslenskum fræðum) | 1962 |
| Igbo |  Nigeria | Society for Promoting Igbo Language and Culture | 1949 |
| Indonesian |  Indonesia | Language Development and Fostering Agency (Indonesian: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa) | 1947 |
| Inuktitut |  Canada | Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami (ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑕᐱᕇᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ) | 1971 |
| Irish |  Ireland
| Foras na Gaeilge (Irish Institute) | 1999 |
| Italian |  Italy
Switzerland
 Monaco
 Eritrea
Libya | (Academy of the bran) | 1583 |
| Japanese |  Japan | No official centralized regulation, but de facto regulations by Agency for Cultural Affairs (Japanese: 文化庁) at the Ministry of Education of Japan (Japanese: 文部科学省)[8] | 1934 (predecessor),[9] 2000 (current) |
| Kabiye |  Togo | Kabiye Academy (Académie kabiyè) | 1975[10] |
| Kannada | Karnataka | Various academies and Government of Karnataka | |
| Kashubian |  Poland | The Kashubian Language Council (Radzëzna Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka) | 2006 |
| Kazakh |  Kazakhstan | Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Қазақстан Республикасының Ғылым және жоғары білім министрлігі) | 2022 |
| Khmer |  Cambodia | Royal Academy of Cambodia (រាជបណ្ឌិត្យសភាកម្ពុជា) | 1965 |
| Korean | | National Institute of the Korean Language (국립국어원/國立國語院) | 1991 |
| The Language Research Institute, Academy of Social Science (사회과학원 어학연구소) | |
| China | China Korean Language Regulatory Commission (중국조선어규범위원회/中国朝鲜语规范委员会) | |
| Kven |  Norway | Kainun institutti – kvensk institutt | 2007 |
| Kurdish | | Kurdish Academy (ئەکادیمیای کوردی) | 1971 |
| Kyrgyz |  Kyrgyzstan | National Committee for State Language under the President of the Kyrgyz Republic (Кыргыз Республикасынын Президентине караштуу Мамлекеттик тил боюнча улуттук комиссия) | 2009[11] |
| Lao | | Educational Science Research Institute, Ministry of Education and Sports (ສະຖາບັນຄົ້ນຄວ້າວິທະຍາສາດການສືກສາ ກະຊວງສຶກສາທິການ ແລະ ກີລາ)
Institute of Social Sciences, Faculty of Arts, National University of Laos (ສະຖາບັນວິທະຍາສາດສັງຄົມ ຄະນະອັກສອນສາດ ມະຫາວິທະຍາໄລແຫ່ງຊາດລາວ) | |
| Latin | | Pontifical Academy for Latin (Pontificia Academia Latinitatis)[12] | 2012 |
| International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (of the International Association for Plant Taxonomy: botanical Latin) | 1867 |
| International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature: zoological Latin) | 1905 |
| Latvian |  Latvia | Latvian State Language Center (Valsts Valodas Centrs) | 1992 |
| Lithuanian |  Lithuania | Commission of the Lithuanian Language (Valstybinė lietuvių kalbos komisija) | 1990 |
| Lusoga |  Uganda | Lusoga Language Authority | |
| Luxembourgish | Luxembourg | Council for the Luxembourgish Language (Conseil fir d'Letzebuerger Sprooch) | 1998 |
| Macedonian | | Linguistics and Literary Science Department at the Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts | 1967 |
| Malagasy |  Madagascar | Malagasy Academy (Académie Malgache) | 1902 |
| Malay | Malaysia | Institute of Language and Literature (Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka) | 1956 |
| Language and Literature Bureau (Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka) | 1960 |
| Singapore | Majlis Bahasa Melayu Singapura (Malay Language Council, Singapore) | |
| Malayalam | India | Kerala Sahitya Akademi (കേരള സാഹിത്യ അക്കാദമി) | 1956 |
| Maltese |  Malta | National Council for the Maltese Language (Il-Kunsill Nazzjonali tal-Ilsien Malti) | 2005 |
| Manx | | Manx Language Advisory Council (Coonceil ny Gaelgey) | 1985 |
| Māori |  New Zealand | Māori Language Commission (Te Taura Whiri i te Reo Māori) | 1987 |
| Marathi | India | Maharashtra Sahitya Parishad (महाराष्ट्र साहित्य परिषद) | 1906 |
| Meitei (officially called Manipuri) | India | Directorate of Language Planning and Implementation (Manipuri: ꯗꯥꯏꯔꯦꯛꯇꯣꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯂꯦꯡꯒ꯭ꯋꯦꯖ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯅꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯟ꯭ꯗ ꯏꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯤꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯁꯟ) | 2013 |
| Manipuri Sahitya Parishad (Manipuri: ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯍꯤꯇ꯭ꯌ ꯄꯔꯤꯁꯗ) | 1935 |
| Mirandese |  Portugal | Anstituto de la Lhéngua Mirandesa (Institute of the Mirandese Language) | 2000 |
| Mixtec |  Mexico | Academy of the Mixtec Language (Ve'e Tu'un Sávi) | 1997 |
| Khalkha Mongolian |  Mongolia | Council of the official state language (Төрийн хэлний зөвлөл). Decisions have to be confirmed by the Mongolian government.[13] | |
| Chakhar Mongolian | China | Council for Language and Literature Work | |
| Nepali |  Nepal | Nepal Academy (नेपाल प्रज्ञा–प्रतिष्ठान) | 1957 |
| Northern Frisian | North Frisia | Northern Frisian Institute (Nordfriisk Instituut) | 1964 |
| Norwegian (Riksmål/Bokmål) | Norway | Norwegian Academy | 1953 |
Norwegian Bokmål
Norwegian Nynorsk | Norwegian Language Council | 2005 |
| Occitan |
France
 Spain
Monaco
Italy | Occitan Language Council (Conselh de la Lenga Occitana),[14]
Permanent Congress of the Occitan Language (Congrès Permanent de la Lenga Occitana),[15]
Institute of Aranese Studies (Institut d'Estudis Aranesi) (Aranese)[16] | 1996 |
| Odia | India | Odisha Sahitya Akademi (ଓଡ଼ିଶା ସାହିତ୍ୟ ଏକାଡେମୀ) | 1957 |
| Pashto | Afghanistan | Academy of Sciences of Afghanistan (د علومو اکاډمي نښه) | 1978 |
| Pakistan | Pashto Academy (پښتو اکېډمي) | 1955 |
| Persian | | Academy of Persian Language and Literature (Persian: فرهنگستان زبان و ادب فارسی) | 1935 |
| Afghanistan | Academy of Sciences of Afghanistan (آکادمی علوم افغانستان) | 1978 |
| Paiwan | | Council of Indigenous Peoples | 1996 |
| Polish | Poland | Polish Language Council (Rada Języka Polskiego) | 1996 |
| Portuguese | Portugal | Lisbon Academy of Sciences (Academia das Ciências de Lisboa) | 1779 |
 Brazil | Brazilian Academy of Letters (Academia Brasileira de Letras) | 1897 |
| Galician Academy of the Portuguese Language (Academia Galega da Língua Portuguesa) | 2008 |
| Quechua |  Ecuador | Academy of the Kichwa Language (Kichwa Amawta Kamachik/ Academia de la Lengua Kichwa, abbreviated 'KAMAK')[17] | 2003 |
 Peru | Peruvian Ministries of Education and of Culture (as part of their functions) | |
| Department of Cuzco | High Academy of the Quechua Language (Qheswa Simi Hamut'ana Kuraq Suntur/ Academia Mayor de la Lengua Quechua) | 1953[18] |
| Department of Cajamarca | Cajamarca Regional Academy of the Quechua Language (Academia Regional del Idioma Quechua de Cajamarca - ARIQ)[19] [20] | 1986 |
| Department of Ancash | Ancash Regional Academy of Quechua (Academia Regional de Quechua de Ancash - ARQA) | |
| Language and Culture Institute of the Quechua Nation (Instituto de Lengua y Cultura de la Nación Quechua - ILCNQ) | 2013[21] |
| Department of Cochabamba | Cochabamba Regional Academy of the Quechua Language (Academia Regional de la Lengua Quechua de Cochabamba) | |
| Rohingya | Arakan (Rakhine State) | Rohingya Language Academy | |
| Romanian | Romania | Academia Română (Romanian Academy) | 1866 |
| Academy of Sciences of Moldova (Academia de Științe a Moldovei) | 1961 |
| Romansh | Switzerland | Lia Rumantscha | 1919 |
| Russian |
Belarus
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
 Tajikistan | Russian Language Institute (Институт русского языка) | 1944 |
| Scots | | Scots Language Centre (Center for the Scots Leid) | 1993 |
Ireland | Ulster-Scots Agency (Tha Boord o Ulstèr-Scotch) | 1999 |
| Scottish Gaelic | | The Gaelic Board (Bòrd na Gàidhlig) | 2006 |
| Secwepemctsín | Canada | Secwepemc Cultural Education Society | 1983 |
| Serbian and Montenegrin | Serbia
 Montenegro
| Board for Standardization of the Serbian Language (Одбор за стандардизацију српског језика) | 1997 |
| Sicilian | | Cademia Siciliana[22] | 2016 |
| Sindhi | Pakistan | Sindhi Language Authority (سنڌي ٻولي جو با اختيار ادارو) | 1992 |
| Sinhala |  Sri Lanka | Hela Havula (හෙළ හවුල) | 1941 |
| Slovak | Slovakia | Slovak Academy of Sciences (Slovenská akadémia vied) | 1942 |
| Slovene |  Slovenia | Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts (Slovenska akademija znanosti in umetnosti) | 1938 |
| Somali |  Djibouti
 Ethiopia
Somalia | Regional Somali Language Academy (Akademiye Goboleedka Af Soomaaliga) | 2013 |
| Sorbian | Germany
Czech Republic
Poland | Sorbian Institute (Serbski institut) | 1951 |
| Spanish | Spain
 Colombia
Ecuador
Mexico
 El Salvador
 Chile
Peru
 Guatemala
 Costa Rica
Philippines
 Panama
 Cuba
Paraguay
 Dominican Republic
 Nicaragua
 Argentina
 Uruguay
 Honduras
 Puerto Rico
 United States
 Equatorial Guinea
Israel | Association of Spanish Language Academies | 1951 |
| Swahili | | National Swahili Council (Baraza la Kiswahili la Taifa) | 1967 |
 Kenya | National Kiswahili Association (Chama cha Kiswahili cha Taifa) | 1998 |
| Swedish | Sweden | Language Council of Sweden (Språkrådet) | 1941 |
| Swedish Academy (Svenska Akademien) | 1786 |
| Finland | Institute for the Languages of Finland | |
| Tajikistan
 Uzbekistan | Rudaki Institute of Language and Literature (Институти забон ва адабиёт ба номи А. Рӯдакии) | 1932 |
| Tamil | India | Department of Tamil Development and Information, Tamil Nadu (தமிழ் வளர்ச்சி மற்றும் தகவல் துறை, தமிழ் நாடு) | 1831 |
| International Institute of Tamil Studies (உலகத் தமிழாராய்ச்சி நிறுவனம்) | 1970 |
| Tamil University (தமிழ்ப் பல்கலைக்கழகம்) | 1981 |
| Central Institute of Classical Tamil (செம்மொழித் தமிழாய்வு மத்திய நிறுவனம்) | 2008 |
| World Tamil Sangam (உலகத் தமிழ்ச் சங்கம்) | 2016 |
| Sri Lanka | Department of Official Languages (அதிகாரப்பூர்வ மொழிகள் துறை) | 1931 |
| Singapore | Tamil Language Council (வளர்தமிழ் இயக்கம்) | 2000 |
| Malaysia | Malaysian Tamil Language Standardisation Council (மலேசியத் தமிழ் மொழியின் காப்பகம்) | 2019 |
| Canada | Federation of Tamil Sangams of North America | 1987 |
| United States |
| Tatar | | Tatarstan Academy of Sciences (Татарстан Республикасы Фәннәр академиясе) | 1804 |
| Telugu | India | Telugu Academy and Official Language Commission of Government of Andhra Pradesh | |
| Tetum | | National Institute of Linguistics at the National University of East Timor | |
| Thai |  Thailand | Royal Society of Thailand (ราชบัณฑิตยสภา) | 1926 |
| Tibetan | Tibet Autonomous Region | Committee for Tibetan Language Affairs http://www.zyw.xizang.gov.cn/xzyw | |
| India | Committee for the Standardisation of the Tibetan Language | |
| Tulu | India | Karnataka Tulu Sahitya Academy | |
| Turkish |  Turkey
 Cyprus
| Türk Dil Kurumu (Turkish Language Association) | 1932 |
| Ukrainian |  Ukraine | NASU Institute of Ukrainian Language | 1991 |
| Urdu | Pakistan | National Language Promotion Department (اِدارۀ فروغِ قومی زُبان) | |
| India | National Council for Promotion of Urdu Language (قومی کونسل برائے فروغ اردو زبان) | |
| Urhobo | Nigeria | Urhobo Studies Association | |
| Venetian | | Academia de ła Bona Creansa (Academy of the Fair Courtesy, NGO accredited with advisory function for Unesco ICH 2003 Convention Academy of the Venetian Language)[23] | 2014 |
| Vietnamese | | Institute of Linguistics of Vietnam Academy of Social Sciences | |
| Võro | Estonia | Võro Institute | |
| Waray | Philippines | Sanghiran san Binisaya ha Samar ug Leyte (Academy of the Visayan Language of Samar and Leyte) defunct | |
| Welsh | | Welsh Language Commissioner (Efa Gruffudd Jones) | 2012 |
| West Frisian | | Fryske Akademy (Frisian Academy) | 1938 |
| Wolof |  Senegal | Centre de linguistique appliquée de Dakar (Center of Applied Linguistics of Dakar at the Cheikh Anta Diop University) | |
| Yiddish | United States
Sweden
| YIVO[24] | 1925 |
| Yoruba | Nigeria | Yoruba Academy | 2007 | |
These bodies do not attempt to regulate any language in a prescriptive manner and are primarily concerned with aiding and advising the government on policies regarding language usage.
Hong Kong: Official Language Division Civil Service Bureau Government of Hong Kong – concerned with matters concerning government language policy