Lamina monopolar cell explained

Lamina monopolar cells are a class of neurons in the most peripheral neuropil of the arthropod visual system, the lamina.^[1] Most insects, including flies, have five distinct classes lamina monopolar cells: L1, L2, L3, L4, and L5.^[2] L1, L2, L3, receive direct synaptic input from the photoreceptors in the lamina, and send axons into the second-order neuropil of the visual system, the medulla.

Notes and References

1. Cajal. S.R.. Sanchez, D. . Contribución al conocimiento de los centros nerviosos de los insectos. Parte I Retina y centros opticos.. Trab. Lab. Invest. Biol. Univ. Madrid. 1915. 13. 1–168. 10.5962/bhl.title.37839. free.
2. Fischbach. KF. Dittrich, AP. The optic lobe of Drosophila melanogaster. I. A Golgi analysis of wild-type structure. Cell Tissue Res.. Cell and Tissue Research. 1989. 258. 3. 441–475. 10.1007/bf00218858.