Lactate dehydrogenase b explained

Lactate dehydrogenase B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LDHB gene.^[1]

Function

This gene encodes the B subunit of lactate dehydrogenase enzyme, which catalyzes the interconversion of pyruvate and lactate with concomitant interconversion of NADH and NAD+ in a post-glycolysis process. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. Recent studies have shown that a C-terminally extended isoform is produced by use of an alternative in-frame translation termination codon via a stop codon readthrough mechanism, and that this isoform is localized in the peroxisomes. Mutations in this gene are associated with lactate dehydrogenase B deficiency. Pseudogenes have been identified on chromosomes X, 5 and 13.

Further reading

• Philibert RA, Nelson JJ, Sandhu HK, Crowe RR, Coryell WH . Association of an exonic LDHA polymorphism with altered respiratory response in probands at high risk for panic disorder . Am. J. Med. Genet. B Neuropsychiatr. Genet. . 117B . 1 . 11–7 . 2003 . 12555229 . 10.1002/ajmg.b.10015 . 25994539 .
• Mazzotta S, Guerranti R, Gozzetti A, Bucalossi A, Bocchia M, Sammassimo S, Petralia S, Ogueli GI, Lauria F . Increased serum lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes in Ph-negative chronic myeloproliferative diseases: a metabolic adaptation? . Hematology . 11 . 4 . 239–44 . 2006 . 17178662 . 10.1080/10245330600774835 . 36110689 .
• de Haas T, Hasselt N, Troost D, Caron H, Popovic M, Zadravec-Zaletel L, Grajkowska W, Perek M, Osterheld MC, Ellison D, Baas F, Versteeg R, Kool M . Molecular risk stratification of medulloblastoma patients based on immunohistochemical analysis of MYC, LDHB, and CCNB1 expression . Clin. Cancer Res. . 14 . 13 . 4154–60 . 2008 . 18593994 . 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-07-4159 . free .
• Whyte MP, Kempa LG, McAlister WH, Zhang F, Mumm S, Wenkert D . Elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes and aspartate transaminase distinguish Albers-Schönberg disease (Chloride Channel 7 Deficiency Osteopetrosis) among the sclerosing bone disorders . J. Bone Miner. Res. . 25 . 11 . 2515–26 . 2010 . 20499337 . 10.1002/jbmr.130 . 22022750 . free .
• Egberts F, Momkvist A, Egberts JH, Kaehler KC, Hauschild A . Serum S100B and LDH are not useful in predicting the sentinel node status in melanoma patients . Anticancer Res. . 30 . 5 . 1799–805 . 2010 . 20592382 .
• Hendrickson SL, Lautenberger JA, Chinn LW, Malasky M, Sezgin E, Kingsley LA, Goedert JJ, Kirk GD, Gomperts ED, Buchbinder SP, Troyer JL, O'Brien SJ . Genetic variants in nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes influence AIDS progression . PLOS ONE . 5 . 9 . e12862 . 2010 . 20877624 . 2943476 . 10.1371/journal.pone.0012862 . 2010PLoSO...512862H . free .
• Swiderek K, Paneth P . Differences and similarities in binding of pyruvate and L-lactate in the active site of M4 and H4 isoforms of human lactate dehydrogenase . Arch. Biochem. Biophys. . 505 . 1 . 33–41 . 2011 . 20951115 . 10.1016/j.abb.2010.10.010 .
• Zha X, Wang F, Wang Y, He S, Jing Y, Wu X, Zhang H . Lactate dehydrogenase B is critical for hyperactive mTOR-mediated tumorigenesis . Cancer Res. . 71 . 1 . 13–8 . 2011 . 21199794 . 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-10-1668 . free .
• Kim JH, Kim EL, Lee YK, Park CB, Kim BW, Wang HJ, Yoon CH, Lee SJ, Yoon G . Decreased lactate dehydrogenase B expression enhances claudin 1-mediated hepatoma cell invasiveness via mitochondrial defects . Exp. Cell Res. . 317 . 8 . 1108–18 . 2011 . 21356207 . 10.1016/j.yexcr.2011.02.011 .

Notes and References

1. Web site: Entrez Gene: Lactate dehydrogenase B. 2017-10-01.