King of Champa explained

Royal Title:King
Realm:Champa
First Monarch:Sri Mara
Last Monarch:Po Phaok The
Began:192
Ended:1832

King of Champa is the title ruler of Champa. Champa rulers often use two Hinduist style titles: raja-di-raja (Sanskrit: राजाओं का राजा "king of kings"; written here in Devanagari since the Cham used their own Cham script)[1] or po-tana-raya ("lord of all territories").[2]

The regnal name of the Champa rulers originated from the Hindu tradition, often consisting of titles and aliases. Titles (prefix) like: Jaya (Sanskrit: जय "victory"), Maha (Sanskrit: महा "great"), Sri (Sanskrit: श्री "glory"). Aliases (stem) like: Bhadravarman, Vikrantavarman, Rudravarman, Simhavarman, Indravarman, Paramesvaravarman, Harivarman... Among them, the suffix -varman[3] belongs to the warrior class and is only for those leaders of the Champa Alliance.

The last king of Champa was deposed by Minh Mạng in 1832.[4]

List of kings of Champa

Lâm Ấp (Linyi) (192 - 757)

DynastySanskritVietnameseReign
1st Dynasty - Lâm ẤpSri MaraKhu Liên192 - 220
?Phạm Hùng220 - 230
?Phạm Duật? – 336
2nd Dynasty - Lâm Ấp?Phạm Văn336–349
?Phạm Phật349–377
Bhadravarman IPhạm Hồ Đạt380-413
Gangaraja Dynasty - Lâm Ấp and SimhapuraGangarajaPhạm Địch Chớn?-?
ManorathavarmanDịch-lợi Mã-nặc-lạp-đát-bạt-ma?-?
unknown - Lâm Ấp?Dịch-lợi Phạm-địch-văn?-420
3rd Dynasty - Kandapurpura?Phạm Dương Mại I421-431
? Phạm Dương Mại II431-446
? Phạm Thần Thành455-472
? Phạm Đang Căng Thuần472-492
?Phạm Chư Nông492-498
?Phạm Văn Tẩn498-510
?Phạm Thiên Khởi510-526
Vijayavarman Phạm Bật Tôi Bật Ma526-529
Gangaraja Dynasty - SimhapuraRudravarman ILuật Đà La Bạt Ma529-572
Gangaraja Dynasty - SimhapuraPhạm Phạn Chí572–629
Kandarpadharmavarman Phạm Đầu Lê629–?
Phạm Trấn Long?–645
BhadresvaravarmanBạt Đà La Thú La Bạt Ma645–?
Daughter of Kandarpadharma?–653
Dịch-lợi Chư-cát-địa653–686
686–?
Dịch-lợi Kiến-đa-thế-ma687–741
UnknownLútuóluó Dịch-lợi Lô-đà-la731-758

Hoàn Vương (Huanwang)[5] (757 - 859)

DynastySanskritVietnameseReign
Vicitrasagara Dynasty[6] - Kauthara & PandurangaPrithindravarmanDịch-lợi Tất-để-bân-đà-la-bạt-ma757–770
Dịch-lợi Tát-đa-bạt-ma770–787
Dịch-lợi Nhân-đà-la-bạt-ma787–801
Dịch-lợi Ha-lê-bạt-ma802–817
Dịch-lợi Bì-kiến-đà-bạt-ma817–?
Bhrgu Dynasty/Uroja Dynasty - IndrapuraRudravarman?~800-830
Bhadravarman II?~830-854

Chiêm Thành[7] (Campanagara, Zhancheng) (859 - 1471)

DynastySanskritVietnameseReign
Bhrgu Dynasty/Uroja Dynasty - IndrapuraIndravarman IIDịch-lợi Nhân-đà-la-bạt-ma854-898
Jaya Simhavarman IXà-da Tăng-gia-bạt-ma897–904
Saktivarman904-905
Xà-da Ha-la-bạt-ma905–917
Xà-da Nhân-đức-man918–960
Jaya Indravarman IDịch-lợi Nhân-di-bàn959–965
Dịch-lợi Bế-mi-thuế (Phê Mị Thuế)965–982
unknown Dịch-lợi Nhân-đà-la-bạt-ma982-986
VietnamesenoneLưu Kế Tông986–988
7th Dynasty - IndrapuraDịch-lợi Băng-vương-la989–997
Thất-ly Bì-xà-da-bạt-ma997-1007
? - KautharaDịch-lợi Ha-lê-bạt-ma1007–1018
? - unknownYang Pu Ku Sri (Yáng Bǔ Jù Shìlí)Thi Nặc Bài Ma Diệp1018–1030
Dịch-lợi Bì-kiến-đà-bạt-ma1030–1041
Sạ Đẩu1041–1044
? - unknownSultan Mahmud[8] [9] unknownca. 1035 (not confirmed)
Uroja Dynasty - Kauthara & PandurangaỨng Ni1044–1060
?1060–1061
Chế Củ1061–1074
Pralayeshvara Dynasty - Indrapura & Vijaya simultaneously?1074–1080
Chế Ma Na1080–1081
?1081–1086
Jaya Indravarman II (restore)Chế Ma Na1086–1113
?1114–1129
?1139–1145
11th Dynasty - Vijaya?1145–1147
Jaya Harivarman IChế Bì La Bút1147–1166
Jaya Harivarman II?1166–1167
Jaya Indravarman IV?1167–1190
Suryajayavarman[10] (Khmer king in Vijaya) ?1190–1191
Jaya Indravarman V (Champa king in Vijaya) ?1191–1192
Suryavarman or Vidyanandana (Khmer king in Panduranga 1190-1192, then in Vijaya also 1192)1192–1203
occupied by Khmer Empire1203–1220
?1220–1254
?1252–1257
?1257–1285
Chế Mân1285–1307
Chế Chí1307–1312
Chế Năng1312–1318
12th Dynasty - Vijayaunknown Chế A Nan1318–1342
unknown Trà Hòa Bố Để1342–1360
unknown Chế Bồng Nga1360–1390
Vr̥ṣu Dynasty - VijayaLa Ngai1390–1400
Ba Đích Lại1400–1441
1441–1444/46?
14th Dynasty - Vijayaunknown Ma-kha Bí-cai1441–1446
unknownMa-kha Quý-lai1446–1449
unknown Ma-kha Quý-do1449–1458
unknown Ma-kha Trà-duyệt1458–1460
unknown Ma-kha Trà-toàn1460–1471
unknownMa-kha Trà-toại1471–1474

Panduranga (Phan Lung / Phan Rang) (1471 - 1697)

DynastyEastern ChamVietnameseReign
1st Dynasty - Bal Sri BanâyPo Uwaluah[11] ?? - ?
Po Binnasur?? - ?
Po Putik?? - ?
Po SulikaBà Gia-nễ-các-đáp? - 1167
Po Klong GaraiBà Khắc-lượng Gia-lai1167 - 1205
2nd Dynasty - Băl HangâuSri AgarangKế Khả1205 - 1247
Cei AnâkKế Lực1247 - 1281
3rd Dynasty - Băl AnguaiPo DebatasuarBà Điệp1281 - 1306
Po PatarsuarBà Bức1306 - 1328
Po BinnasuarBà Bính1328 - 1373
4th Dynasty - Băl AnguaiPo ParicanBà Phát1373 - 1397
5th Dynasty - Băl CauPo KasitBà Khiết1433 - 1460
Po KabrahBà Kế1460 - 1494
Po KabihBà Cấp1494 - 1530
Po KarutdrakBà Khứ1530 - 1536
6th Dynasty - Băl CauPo Maha SarakMa-kha Trà-lộc1536 - 1541
Po KunaraiBà Bãi1541 - 1553
Po AtBà Ất1553 - 1579
7th Dynasty - Băl CanarPo Klaong HalauBà Khắc-lượng Khất-lưu1579 - 1603
Po NitBà Nhiếp1603 - 1613
Po Jai ParanBà Thái1613 - 1618
Po Aih KhangBà Ưng1618 - 1622
8th Dynasty - Băl CanarPo Klaong Mah NaiBà Khắc-lượng Như-lai1622 - 1627
Bà Lâm1627 - 1651
Bà Thấm1651 - 1653
Po SaktiraydapaghohBà Thích1654 – 1657
Po JatamahBà Chất1657 – 1659
Bà Tranh1659 - 1692

Principality of Thuận Thành (1697 - 1832)

DynastyEastern ChamVietnameseReign
8th Dynasty - Băl CanarPo SaktiraydapatihBà Tử1695 - 1727
Po GanuhpatihBà Thị1727 - 1730
Nguyễn Văn Thuận1730 - 1732
Nguyễn Văn Đạt1732 - 1763
Po TisundimahraiNguyễn Văn Thiết1763 - 1765
Po TisuntiraydapaghohNguyễn Văn Tịch1768 - 1780
Po TisuntiraydapuranNguyễn Văn Tá1780 - 1781
Nguyễn Văn Chiêu1783 - 1786
Po Tisuntiraydapuran (restored)Nguyễn Văn Tá1786 - 1793
Po Thong KhangNguyễn Văn Tòng1796
9th Dynasty - Băl CanarPo LadhuanpaghuhNguyễn Văn Hào1793 - 1799
Po Saong Nyung CengNguyễn Văn Chấn1799 - 1822
Po Bait LanNguyễn Văn Lân1822
Po Klan ThuNguyễn Văn Vĩnh1822 - 1828
Po Phaok TheNguyễn Văn Thừa1828 - 1832
Po War PaleiBà Hóa Ba-lai1834 - 1835

See also

References

Notes and References

  1. Used in the period 192 - 1474.
  2. Used during the period 1474 - 1832.
  3. Book: Deb, Raja Radhakanda. Shabdakalpa druma. 2006. Nag publishers.
  4. Quốc sử quán triều Nguyễn, Cao Xuân Dục (chủ biên) Quốc triều chánh biên toát yếu, 1908, quyển III, trang 81.
  5. is the name recorded in Chinese history for the principality of Panduranga when the kingdom of Champa set its capital in Virapura.
  6. Book: Anne-Valérie Schweyer. Paisarn Piemmettawat. Viêt Nam ancien: histoire arts archéologie. 2011. Editions Olizane. 978-2-88086-396-8. 43.
  7. is the name for the kingdom of Champa in Vietnamese history from 877 to 1693
  8. Book: Ali, Zakharia. Islamic Art in Southeast Asia, 830 A.D.-1570 A.D.. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, Ministry of Education, Malaysia. 1994.
  9. Ismail . Muhammad. etal. 2021 . The Champa Pillar (1035 CE) and Its Possible Connection with the Turkic Dynasties. Islāmiyyāt. 43 . 2 . 93–104 . 10.17576/islamiyyat-2021-4302-08. free.
  10. Puppet monarch.
  11. Not verified the authenticity.

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