Khachapuri Explained

Khachapuri
Country:Georgia
Region:South Caucasus
Course:Pastry / filled pastry
Type:Pie
Served:hot
Main Ingredient:Cheese, eggs, flour
Variations:open, closed

Khachapuri (Georgian: ხაჭაპური| in Georgian pronounced as /ˈχatʃʼapʼuɾi/ from in Georgian pronounced as /ˈχat͡ʃʼo/ 'curd' + Georgian: პური in Georgian pronounced as /ˈpʼuri/ 'bread') is a traditional Georgian dish of cheese-filled bread. The bread is leavened and allowed to rise, molded into various shapes, and then filled in the center with a mixture of cheese (fresh or aged, most commonly, specialized khachapuri cheese), eggs, and other ingredients.[1]

It is popular in Georgia, both in restaurants and as street food. As a Georgian staple food, the price of making khachapuri is used as a measure of inflation in different Georgian cities by the "khachapuri index", developed by the International School of Economics at Tbilisi State University.[2] [3] It is Georgia's national dish, included in the list of the intangible cultural heritage of Georgia.[4] [5] On the behalf and initiative of the Gastronomic Association of Georgia, the 27th of February was announced as National Khachapuri Day, to celebrate Georgia's signature pastry as well as to promote its recognition internationally.The khachapuri is served hot from the oven, otherwise it loses the taste of its unique cheese mixture and becomes bitter.

History

Specialists are divided regarding the chronology of khachapuri. According to Darra Goldstein, who wrote the book The Georgian Feast about the dish, khachapuri probably dates back to the 12th century when Georgia experienced a period of renaissance, but its specific root remains unclear.[6] Dali Tsatava, former professor at the Georgian Culinary Academy, suggested that khachapuri could be a "cousin of the pizza" as the concept of the dish might have been brought by Roman soldiers who crossed Europe, well before the addition of tomatoes in the 16th century.[7]

Types

There are several distinctive types of khachapuri from different regions of Georgia:

Outside Georgia

Khachapuri is popular in the post-Soviet states, including Russia.[9] [10] It was reported that 175,000 khachapuris were consumed during the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi.[11] Khachapuri is a popular street food in Armenia, where it is widely served in restaurants and school cafeterias.[12] It has become increasingly popular as a brunch food in Israel, where it was brought over by Georgian Jews[13] and is spreading to other parts of the world, like the United States.[14]

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Book: Goldstein, Darra. The Georgian feast: the vibrant culture and savory food of the Republic of Georgia. University of California Press. 136–139. 0-520-21929-5. 1999.
  2. News: Tracking monetary policy one big mac – and one khachapuri – at a time . Svensson . Therese . April–May 2010 . Investor.ge . American Chamber of Commerce . 29 April 2010 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20111007010149/http://www.investor.ge/issues/2010_2/02.htm . 7 October 2011 .
  3. Web site: Khachapuri Index Project. International School of Economics at Tbilisi State University. 29 April 2010.
  4. Jones, A. Khachapuri Granted Cultural Heritage Status Georgia Today, 2019
  5. Web site: Jones . Amy . 2019-01-24 . Khachapuri Granted Cultural Heritage Status . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20190703205551/http://georgiatoday.ge/news/14205/Khachapuri-Granted-Cultural-Heritage-Status . 2019-07-03 . Georgia Today.
  6. Web site: 2018-04-27 . Georgian cheese boat Adjaruli Khachapuri - New York Essential Dish . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20221128024206/https://georgianjournal.ge/georgian-cuisine/34443-georgian-cheese-boat-adjaruli-khachapuri-new-york-essential-dish.html . 2022-11-28 . 2023-09-03 . Georgian Journal.
  7. Web site: Eva . 2019-04-05 . Khachapuri, Georgian cheese bread . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20230324002404/https://bake-street.com/en/khachapuri-georgian-cheese-bread/ . 2023-03-24 . 2023-02-22 . Bake-Street.
  8. Web site: About Food – Imeruli (Imeretian Khachapuri). 2012-07-27.
  9. News: Mosolova. Tanya. What Is It? : Georgian Cheese Pies Come in Many Varieties. The Moscow Times. 15 April 1998. One of the indispensable dishes of a celebratory meal in Georgia, khachapuri, has become very popular in Russia as well.. 16 November 2014. 13 July 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150713032452/http://www.themoscowtimes.com/sitemap/free/1998/4/article/what-is-it--georgian-cheese-pies-come-in-many-varieties/292282.html. dead.
  10. Web site: Bryant. Jordan. Хачапури: The Big Cheese!. sras.org. School of Russian and Asian Studies. https://web.archive.org/web/20141118203551/http://www.sras.org/khachapuri. 18 November 2014. Woodside, CA. 2 March 2013.
  11. News: ru:В Сочи гости Олимпиады съели 175 тысяч хачапури и 34 тонны шашлыка. http://www.kuban.aif.ru/society/1112160. Argumenty i Fakty. 24 February 2014. ru. In Sochi, Olympic guests ate 175 thousand khachapuris and 34 tons of shashlik..
  12. News: Grigoryan . Hasmik . «Ազատ Եվրոպա/Ազատություն» Ռադիոկայան . 7 August 2011 . hy:Ի՞նչ է մատուցվում այսօր դպրոցների բուֆետներում. What is being served today in school cafeterias? . hy . Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty Armenian Service . http://www.azatutyun.mobi/a/24352461.html . hy:"...վաճառվում են հիմնականում բուլկեղեն, խաչապուրի, կարկանդակ, հոթ դոգ ու նույնիսկ մաստակ ու չիպսեր:". ...mainly buns, khachapuri, pirozhki, hot dogs and even chewing gum and chips are sold..
  13. News: Norris. Anna. 10 mouthwatering dishes of Israel you should really try. 3 July 2014. From The Grapevine.
  14. https://sfstandard.com/2023/01/19/sfs-only-georgian-restaurant-is-a-love-letter-written-on-cheesy-bread/ SF’s Only Georgian Restaurant Is a Love Letter Written on Cheesy Bread

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