Isotopes of polonium explained

There are 42 isotopes of polonium (84Po). They range in size from 186 to 227 nucleons. They are all radioactive. 210Po with a half-life of 138.376 days has the longest half-life of any naturally-occurring isotope of polonium and is the most common isotope of polonium. It is also the most easily synthesized polonium isotope. 209Po, which does not occur naturally, has the longest half-life of all isotopes of polonium at 124 years. 209Po can be made by using a cyclotron to bombard bismuth with protons, as can 208Po.[1]

List of isotopes

|-| 186Po|| style="text-align:right" | 84|style="text-align:right" | 102| 186.004403(20)|
|α|182Pb| 0+||-| 187Po|| style="text-align:right" | 84| style="text-align:right" | 103| 187.003030(40)| 1.40(25) ms| α| 183Pb| 1/2−, 5/2−||-| style="text-indent:1em" | 187mPo|| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 4(27) keV| 0.5 ms| α| 183Pb| 13/2+#||-| 188Po|| style="text-align:right" | 84| style="text-align:right" | 104| 187.999416(21)| 270(30) μs| α| 184Pb| 0+||-| 189Po|| style="text-align:right" | 84| style="text-align:right" | 105| 188.998473(24)| 3.5(5) ms| α| 185Pb| (5/2−)||-|190Po||style="text-align:right" | 84| style="text-align:right" | 106|189.995102(14)|2.45(5) ms| α| 186Pb|0+||-|191Po| |style="text-align:right" | 84|style="text-align:right" | 107|190.994558(8)|22(1) ms| α| 187Pb|3/2−||-| style="text-indent:1em" | 191mPo|| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 61(11) keV| 93(3) ms| α| 187mPb| 13/2+||-| 192Po|| style="text-align:right" | 84| style="text-align:right" | 108| 191.991340(11)|32.2(3) ms| α| 188Pb|0+| |-| style="text-indent:1em" | 192mPo|| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2294.6(10) keV| 580(100) ns|IT|192Po| 11−||-|193Po||style="text-align:right" | 84| style="text-align:right" | 109|192.991062(16)|399(34) ms| α| 189Pb|3/2−||-| style="text-indent:1em" | 193mPo| | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 100(6) keV|245(11) ms| α| 189mPb|13/2+||-| 194Po||style="text-align:right" | 84|style="text-align:right" | 110| 193.988186(14)|392(4) ms| α| 190Pb| 0+||-| style="text-indent:1em" | 194mPo|| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2313.4(3) keV| 12.9(5) μs|IT|194Po| (10−)||-| rowspan=2|195Po| rowspan=2|| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 84| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 111| rowspan=2| 194.988066(6)| rowspan=2|4.64(9) s| α (94%)| 191Pb| rowspan=2|3/2−| rowspan=2||-| β+?| 195Bi|-| style="text-indent:1em" | 195mPo| | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 148(9) keV|1.92(2) s| α| 191mPb|13/2+||-| rowspan=2|196Po| rowspan=2|| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 84| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 112| rowspan=2|195.985541(6)| rowspan=2|5.56(12) s| α (94%)| 192Pb| rowspan=2|0+| rowspan=2||-| β+?| 196Bi|-| style="text-indent:1em" | 196mPo|| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2493.9(4) keV| 856(17) ns|IT|196Po| 11−||-| rowspan=2|197Po| rowspan=2|| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 84| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 113| rowspan=2|196.985622(11)| rowspan=2|53.6(9) s| β+?| 197Bi| rowspan=2|(3/2−)| rowspan=2||-| α (44%)| 193Pb|-| rowspan=3 style="text-indent:1em" | 197mPo| rowspan=3|| rowspan=3 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 196(12)# keV| rowspan=3|25.8(1) s| α (84%)| 193mPb| rowspan=3|13/2+| rowspan=3||-| β+?| 197Bi|-| IT?| 197Po|-| rowspan=2|198Po| rowspan=2|| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 84| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 114| rowspan=2|197.983389(19)| rowspan=2|1.760(24) min| α (57%)| 194Pb| rowspan=2|0+| rowspan=2||-| β+ (43%)| 198Bi|-| style="text-indent:1em" | 198m1Po|| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2565.92(20) keV| 200(20) ns|IT|198Po| 11−||-| style="text-indent:1em" | 198m2Po|| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2740(50)# keV| 750(50) ns|IT|198Po| 12+||-| rowspan=2|199Po| rowspan=2|| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 84| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 115| rowspan=2|198.983666(25)| rowspan=2|5.48(16) min| β+ (92.5%)| 199Bi| rowspan=2|(3/2−)| rowspan=2||-| α (7.5%)| 195Pb|-| rowspan=3 style="text-indent:1em" | 199mPo| rowspan=3|| rowspan=3 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 312.0(28) keV| rowspan=3|4.17(4) min| β+ (73.5%)| 199Bi| rowspan=3|13/2+| rowspan=3||-| α (24%)| 195Pb|-| IT (2.5%)| 199Po|-| rowspan=2|200Po| rowspan=2|| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 84| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 116| rowspan=2|199.981799(15)| rowspan=2|11.5(1) min| β+ (88.8%)| 200Bi| rowspan=2|0+| rowspan=2||-| α (11.1%)| 196Pb|-| rowspan=2|201Po| rowspan=2|| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 84| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 117| rowspan=2|200.982260(6)| rowspan=2|15.3(2) min| β+ (98.4%)| 201Bi| rowspan=2|3/2−| rowspan=2||-| α (1.6%)| 197Pb|-| rowspan=3 style="text-indent:1em" | 201mPo| rowspan=3|| rowspan=3 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 424.1(24) keV| rowspan=3|8.9(2) min| IT (56.2(12)%)| 201Po| rowspan=3|13/2+| rowspan=3||-| β+ (41.4(7)%)| 201Bi|-| α (2.4(5)%)| 197Pb|-| rowspan=2|202Po| rowspan=2|| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 84| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 118| rowspan=2|201.980758(16)| rowspan=2|44.7(5) min| β+ (98%)| 202Bi| rowspan=2|0+| rowspan=2||-| α (2%)| 198Pb|-| style="text-indent:1em" | 202mPo|| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2626.7(7) keV| >200 ns||| 11−||-| rowspan=2|203Po| rowspan=2|| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 84| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 119| rowspan=2|202.981420(28)| rowspan=2|36.7(5) min| β+ (99.89%)| 203Bi| rowspan=2|5/2−| rowspan=2||-| α (.11%)| 199Pb|-| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 203m1Po| rowspan=2|| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 641.49(17) keV| rowspan=2|45(2) s| IT (99.96%)| 203Po| rowspan=2|13/2+| rowspan=2||-| α (.04%)| 199Pb|-| style="text-indent:1em" | 203m2Po|| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2158.5(6) keV| >200 ns|||||-| rowspan=2|204Po| rowspan=2|| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 84| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 120| rowspan=2|203.980318(12)| rowspan=2|3.53(2) h| β+ (99.33%)| 204Bi| rowspan=2|0+| rowspan=2||-| α (.66%)| 200Pb|-| rowspan=2|205Po| rowspan=2|| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 84| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 121| rowspan=2|204.981203(21)| rowspan=2|1.66(2) h| β+ (99.96%)| 205Bi| rowspan=2|5/2−| rowspan=2||-| α (.04%)| 201Pb|-| style="text-indent:1em" | 205m1Po|| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 143.166(17) keV| 310(60) ns||| 1/2−||-| style="text-indent:1em" | 205m2Po|| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 880.30(4) keV| 645 μs||| 13/2+||-| style="text-indent:1em" | 205m3Po|| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1461.21(21) keV| 57.4(9) ms| IT| 205Po| 19/2−||-| style="text-indent:1em" | 205m4Po|| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 3087.2(4) keV| 115(10) ns||| 29/2−||-| rowspan=2|206Po| rowspan=2|| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 84| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 122| rowspan=2|205.980481(9)| rowspan=2|8.8(1) d| β+ (94.55%)| 206Bi| rowspan=2|0+| rowspan=2||-| α (5.45%)| 202Pb|-| style="text-indent:1em" | 206m1Po|| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1585.85(11) keV| 222(10) ns||| (8+)#||-| style="text-indent:1em" | 206m2Po|| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2262.22(14) keV| 1.05(6) μs||| (9−)#||-| rowspan=2|207Po| rowspan=2|| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 84| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 123| rowspan=2|206.981593(7)| rowspan=2|5.80(2) h| β+ (99.97%)| 207Bi| rowspan=2|5/2−| rowspan=2||-| α (.021%)| 203Pb|-| style="text-indent:1em" | 207m1Po|| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 68.573(14) keV| 205(10) ns||| 1/2−||-| style="text-indent:1em" | 207m2Po|| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1115.073(16) keV| 49(4) μs||| 13/2+||-| style="text-indent:1em" | 207m3Po|| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1383.15(6) keV| 2.79(8) s| IT| 207Po| 19/2−||-| rowspan=2|208Po| rowspan=2|| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 84| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 124| rowspan=2|207.9812457(19)| rowspan=2|2.898(2) y| α (99.99%)| 204Pb| rowspan=2|0+| rowspan=2||-| β+ (.00277%)| 208Bi|-| rowspan=2|209Po| rowspan=2|| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 84| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 125| rowspan=2|208.9824304(20)| rowspan=2|124(3) y| α (99.546%)| 205Pb| rowspan=2|1/2−| rowspan=2||-| β+ (.454%)| 209Bi|-| 210Po[2] | Radium F| style="text-align:right" | 84| style="text-align:right" | 126| 209.9828737(13)| 138.376(2) d| α| 206Pb| 0+| Trace[3] |-| style="text-indent:1em" | 210mPo|| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 5057.61(4) keV| 263(5) ns||| 16+||-| 211Po| Actinium C'| style="text-align:right" | 84| style="text-align:right" | 127| 210.9866532(14)| 516(3) ms| α| 207Pb| 9/2+| Trace[4] |-| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 211m1Po| rowspan=2|| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1462(5) keV| rowspan=2|25.2(6) s| α (99.98%)| 207Pb| rowspan=2|(25/2+)| rowspan=2||-| IT (.016%)| 211Po|-| style="text-indent:1em" | 211m2Po|| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2135.7(9) keV| 243(21) ns||| (31/2−)||-| style="text-indent:1em" | 211m3Po|| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 4873.3(17) keV| 2.8(7) μs||| (43/2+)||-| 212Po| Thorium C'| style="text-align:right" | 84| style="text-align:right" | 128| 211.9888680(13)| 294.4(8) ns| α| 208Pb| 0+| Trace[5] |-| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 212mPo| rowspan=2|| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2911(12) keV| rowspan=2|45.1(6) s| α (99.93%)| 208Pb| rowspan=2|(18+)| rowspan=2||-| IT (.07%)[6] | 212Po|-| 213Po|| style="text-align:right" | 84| style="text-align:right" | 129| 212.992857(3)| 3.65(4) μs| α| 209Pb| 9/2+| Trace[7] |-| 214Po| Radium C'| style="text-align:right" | 84| style="text-align:right" | 130| 213.9952014(16)| 164.3(20) μs| α| 210Pb| 0+| Trace|-| rowspan=2|215Po| rowspan=2|Actinium A| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 84| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 131| rowspan=2|214.9994200(27)| rowspan=2|1.781(4) ms| α (99.99%)| 211Pb| rowspan=2|9/2+| rowspan=2|Trace|-| β− (2.3×10−4%)| 215At|-|216Po|Thorium A|style="text-align:right" | 84| style="text-align:right" | 132|216.0019150(24)|145(2) ms| α| 212Pb|0+|Trace|-| rowspan=2|217Po| rowspan=2|| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 84| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 133| rowspan=2|217.006335(7)| rowspan=2|1.47(5) s| α (95%)| 213Pb| rowspan=2|5/2+#| rowspan=2|Trace[7] |-| β− (5%)| 217At|-| rowspan=2|218Po| rowspan=2|Radium A| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 84| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 134| rowspan=2|218.0089730(26)| rowspan=2|3.10(1) min| α (99.98%)| 214Pb| rowspan=2|0+| rowspan=2|Trace|-| β− (.02%)| 218At|-| rowspan=2|219Po| rowspan=2|| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 84| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 135| rowspan=2|219.01361(16)| rowspan=2|10.3(1) min| α (28.2%)| 215Pb| rowspan=2|9/2+#| rowspan=2||-| β− (71.8%)| 219At|-| 220Po|| style="text-align:right" | 84| style="text-align:right" | 136| 220.0164(18)| 40# s
[>300 ns]| β−| 220At| 0+||-| 221Po|| style="text-align:right" | 84| style="text-align:right" | 137| 221.02123(20)| 2.2(0.7) min| β−| 221At| 9/2+#||-| 222Po|| style="text-align:right" | 84| style="text-align:right" | 138| 222.024144(40)| 9.1(7.2) min| β−| 222At| 0+||-| 223Po|| style="text-align:right" | 84| style="text-align:right" | 139| 223.02907(21)#| 6# s
[>300 ns]| β−?| 223At| 11/2+#||-| 224Po|| style="text-align:right" | 84| style="text-align:right" | 140| 224.03211(21)#| 3# min
[>300 ns]| β−?| 224At| 0+||-| 225Po|| style="text-align:right" | 84| style="text-align:right" | 141| 225.03712(32)#| 10# s
[>300 ns]| β−?| 225At| 3/2+#||-| 226Po|| style="text-align:right" | 84| style="text-align:right" | 142| 226.04031(43)#| 1# min
[>300 ns]| β−?| 226At| 0+||-| 227Po|| style="text-align:right" | 84| style="text-align:right" | 143| 227.04539(43)#| 2# s
[>300 ns]| β−?| 227At| 5/2+#|

See also

References

General referencesIsotope data is sourced in:

Notes and References

  1. Book: Carvalho, F.. Fernandes. S.. Fesenko. S. . Holm. E.. Howard. B.. Martin. P.. Phaneuf. P. . Porcelli. D.. Pröhl. G.. Twining. J.. The Environmental Behaviour of Polonium. Technical reports series. 484. International Atomic Energy Agency. Vienna. 2017. 22. 0074-1914. 978-92-0-112116-5.
  2. Most common isotope
  3. Intermediate decay product of 238U
  4. Intermediate decay product of 235U
  5. Intermediate decay product of 232Th
  6. Web site: Adopted Levels for 212Po. NNDC Chart of Nuclides.
  7. Intermediate decay product of 237Np

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