Isoprene synthase explained

Isoprene synthase
Ec Number:	4.2.3.27

The enzyme isoprene synthase (EC 4.2.3.27) catalyzes the chemical reaction

prenyl pyrophosphate

\rightleftharpoons isoprene + diphosphate

This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically those carbon-oxygen lyases acting on phosphates. The systematic name of this enzyme class is prenyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase (isoprene-forming). Other names in common use include ISPC, and ISPS.

References

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• Silver GM, Fall R . 1995 . Characterization of aspen isoprene synthase, an enzyme responsible for leaf isoprene emission to the atmosphere . Journal of Biological Chemistry. 270 . 13010 - 6 . 7768893 . 10.1074/jbc.270.22.13010 . 22 . free .
• Wildermuth MC, Fall R . 1996 . Light-Dependent Isoprene Emission (Characterization of a Thylakoid-Bound Isoprene Synthase in Salix discolor Chloroplasts) . Plant Physiology. 112 . 171 - 182 . 12226383 . 1 . 157936 . 10.1104/pp.112.1.171 .
• Schnitzler JP, Arenz R, Steinbrecher R, Lehming A . 1996 . Characterization of an Isoprene Synthase from Leaves of Quercus petraea (Mattuschka) Liebl. . Botanica Acta. 109 . 3 . 216 - 221 . 10.1111/j.1438-8677.1996.tb00566.x.
• Miller B, Oschinski C, Zimmer W . 2001 . First isolation of an isoprene synthase gene from poplar and successful expression of the gene in Escherichia coli . Planta. 213 . 483 - 7 . 11506373 . 10.1007/s004250100557 . 3 . 35340315 .
• Sivy TL, Shirk MC, Fall R . 2002 . Isoprene synthase activity parallels fluctuations of isoprene release during growth of Bacillus subtilis . Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 294 . 71 - 5 . 12054742 . 10.1016/S0006-291X(02)00435-7 . 1 .
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• Vickers CE, Possell M, Cojocariu C, Velikova V, Laothawornkitkul J, Ryan A, Mullineaux PM, Hewitt CN . 2009 . Isoprene synthesis protects transgenic tobacco plants from oxidative stress . Plant, Cell & Environment. 32 . 520 - 31 . 19183288 . 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2009.01946.x . 5 .
• Vickers CE, Possell M, Hewitt CN, Mullineaux P . 2010 . Genetic structure and regulation of isoprene synthase in Poplar (Populus spp.) . Plant Molecular Biology. 73 . 547 - 58 . 20467886 . 10.1007/s11103-010-9642-3 . 4 - 5 . 22907306 .
• Vickers CE, Possell M, Laothawornkitkul J, Ryan AC, Hewitt CN, Mullineaux P . 2011 . Isoprene synthesis in plants  - lessons from a transgenic tobacco model . Plant, Cell & Environment. 34 . 1043 - 53 . 21388420 . 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2011.02303.x . 6 . free .