Ichnovirus Explained

Ichnovirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Polydnaviridae. Parasitoid wasps serve as hosts, and these wasps are themselves parasitoids of Lepidoptera. There are 21 species in this genus.[1] [2]

Taxonomy

The genus Ichnovirus contained 21 species in ICTV version 1999a-2020:[3] The genus Ichnoviriform contains 22 species starting ICTV version 2021[2] The species Ichnoviriform rostralis, previously known as Tranosema rostrale bracovirus was moved to ichnoviriform from bracoviriform (bracovirus) in 2021.

Name Previous Name Abbr
Ichnoviriform acronyctaeDiadegma acronyctae ichnovirusDaIV
Ichnoviriform annulipedisHyposoter annulipes ichnovirusHaIV
Ichnoviriform aprilisCampoletis aprilis ichnovirusCaIV
Ichnoviriform arjunaeCasinaria arjuna ichnovirusCarIV
Ichnoviriform benefactorisOlesicampe benefactor ichnovirusObIV
Ichnoviriform eriboriEriborus terebrans ichnovirusEtIV
Ichnoviriform exiguaeHyposoter exiguae ichnovirusHeIV
Ichnoviriform flavicinctaeCampoletis flavicincta ichnovirusCfIV
Ichnoviriform forcipataeCasinaria forcipata ichnovirusCfoIV
Ichnoviriform fugitiviHyposoter fugitivus ichnovirusHfIV
Ichnoviriform fumiferanaeGlypta fumiferanae ichnovirusGfIV
Ichnoviriform geniculataeOlesicampe geniculatae ichnovirusOgIV
Ichnoviriform infestaeCasinaria infesta ichnovirusCiIV
Ichnoviriform interruptiDiadegma interruptum ichnovirusDiIV
Ichnoviriform lymantriaeHyposoter lymantriae ichnovirusHlIV
Ichnoviriform montaniEnytus montanus ichnovirusX-2
Ichnoviriform pilosuliHyposoter pilosulus ichnovirusHpIV
Ichnoviriform rivalisHyposoter rivalis ichnovirusHrIV
Ichnoviriform rostralisTranosema rostrale bracovirusTrBV
Ichnoviriform sonorenseCampoletis sonorensis ichnovirusCsIV
Ichnoviriform tenuifemorisSynetaeris tenuifemur ichnovirusStIV
Ichnoviriform terebrantisDiadegma terebrans ichnovirusDtIV
Ichnoviriform fugitivi/Hyposoter fugitivus ichnovirus/HfIV: GenBank accession

Ichnoviriform fugitivi/Hyposoter fugitivus ichnovirus/HfIV: REFSEQ accession

Ichnoviriform fumiferanae/Glypta fumiferanae ichnovirus/GfIV: GenBank accession

Ichnoviriform fumiferanae/Glypta fumiferanae ichnovirus/GfIV: REFSEQ accession

Structure

Viruses in Ichnovirus are enveloped, with prolate ellipsoid and cylindrical geometries. Genomes are circular and segmented, around 6.0-20kb in length.

Genus Structure Symmetry !Capsid Genomic arrangement Genomic segmentation
IchnovirusProlate ellipsoidEnvelopedCircularSegmented

Life cycle

Viral replication is nuclear. DNA-templated transcription is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by nuclear pore export.Parasitoid wasps in the subfamilies Banchinae and Campopleginae serve as hosts, but these wasps are themselves parasites of lepidoptera. The wasp injects one or more eggs into its host along with a quantity of virus. The virus and wasp are in a symbiotic relationship: expression of viral genes prevents the wasp's host's immune system from killing the wasp's injected egg and causes other physiological alterations that ultimately cause the parasitized host to die. Transmission routes are parental.

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Viral Zone. ExPASy. 15 June 2015.
  2. Web site: Virus Taxonomy: 2022 Release . International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) . 15 August 2023 . en . March 2023.
  3. Web site: Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release . International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) . 15 August 2023 . en . March 2020.

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