Hoshiarpur district explained

Hoshiarpur district
Settlement Type:District
Image Caption:Graveyard in Todarpur
Coordinates:31.5833°N 134°W
Subdivision Type:Country
Subdivision Name: India
Subdivision Type1:State
Subdivision Name1:Punjab
Subdivision Type2:Region
Subdivision Name2:Doaba
Seat Type:Headquarters
Seat:Hoshiarpur[1]
Leader Title1:MP
Leader Name1:Raj Kumar Chabbewal(AAP)
Leader Title2:MLA
Leader Name2:Pandit Bharma Shankar Jimpa(AAP)(Hoshiarpur City)
Leader Title3:Mayor
Leader Name3:Surinder Shinda (AAP)
Leader Title4:Deputy commissioner
Leader Name4:Komal Mittal
Unit Pref:Metric
Area Total Km2:3,365
Population Total:1,586,625
Population As Of:2011
Population Density Km2:auto
Population Blank2 Title:Sex Ration
Population Blank2:961
Demographics Type1:Languages
Demographics1 Title1:Official
Demographics1 Info1:Punjabi
Timezone1:IST
Utc Offset1:+5:30
Blank1 Name Sec1:Literacy
Blank1 Info Sec1:85.40%

Hoshiarpur district is a district of Punjab state in northern India. Hoshiarpur, one of the oldest districts of Punjab, is located in the North-east part of the Punjab state and shares common boundaries with Gurdaspur district in the north-west, Jalandhar district and Kapurthala district in south-west, Kangra district and Una district of Himachal Pradesh in the north-east. Hoshiarpur district comprises 4 sub-divisions, 10 community development blocks, 9 urban local bodies and 1417 villages. The district has an area of 3365 km2. and a population of 1,586,625 persons as per census 2011.[2]

Hoshiarpur, along with the districts of Nawanshehar, Kapurthala and parts of Jalandhar, represents one of the cultural regions of Punjab called Doaba or the Bist Doab - the tract of land between two rivers, namely Beas and Sutlej. The area, along with the Shivalik foothills on the right side of Chandigarh-Pathankot road in Hoshiarpur, is sub mountainous. This part of the district is also known as Kandi area. The two rivers, Sutlej and Beas along with two other seasonal streams, provide drainage to the region. Besides these, the Kandi region is full of seasonal streams.

Hoshiarpur district falls into two nearly equal portions of hill and plain country. Its eastern face consists of the westward slope of the Solar Singhi Hills; parallel with that ridge, a line of lower heights belonging to the Siwalik Range traverses the district from south to north, while between the two chains stretches a valley of uneven width, known as the Jaswan Dun. Its upper portion is crossed by the Sohan torrent, while the Sutlej sweeps into its lower end through a break in the hills, and flows in a southerly direction until it turns the flank of the central range, and debouches westwards upon the plains. This western plain consists of alluvial formation, with a general westerly slope owing to the deposit of silt from the mountain torrents in the sub-montane tract. The Beas has a fringe of lowland, open to moderate but not excessive inundations, and considered very fertile. A considerable area is covered by government woodlands, under the care of the forest department. Rice is largely grown, in the marshy flats along the banks of the Beas. The district, owing to its proximity to the hills, possesses a comparatively cool and humid climate. Cotton fabrics are manufactured, and sugar, rice, other grains and indigo are among the exports.

Hoshiarpur is also known as a City of Saints. There are many deras in this district. Several religious fairs are held, at Anandpur Sahib, Dasuya, Mukerian and Chintpurni, all of which attract an enormous concourse of people.

The District Govt. College was once a campus for Punjab University, and it was predominantly inhabited by Gujjar and Saini, Dogras of Jammu-Punjab Region during the reign of the Sikh Empire.

History

The area of present Hoshiarpur District was also part of Indus Valley Civilization. Recent excavations at various sites in the district have revealed that the entire area near the Shivalik foothills was selected for habitation not only by the early Paleolithic man but also by those in the protohistoric and historic periods. The legends associate several places in the district with Pandavas. Dasuya is mentioned in epic of Mahabharata as the seat of Raja Virata in whose services the Pandavas remained for thirteen years during their exile. Bham, about 11 km west of Mahilpur, is said to be the place where the Pandavas passed their exile. Lasara, about 19 km north of Jaijon, also contains a stone temple stated to date back to the time of Pandavas. According to the Chinese pilgrim, Hieun Tsang, the area of Hoshiarpur was dominated by a tribe of Chandrabansi Rajputs, who maintained an independent existence for centuries before the Muhammadan conquest.

The country around Hoshiarpur formed part of the old kingdom of Katoch in Jalandhar. The state was eventually broken up, and the present district was divided between the, rajas of Datarpur and Jaswan. They retained undisturbed possession of their territories until 1759, when the rising Sikh chieftains commenced a series of encroachments upon the hill tracts. In 1815 Maharaja Ranjit Singh, forced the ruler of Jaswan to resign his territories in exchange for an estate on feudal tenure; three years later the raja of Datarpur met with similar treatment. By the close of the year 1818 the whole country from the Sutlej to the Beas had come under the government of Lahore, and after the First Anglo-Sikh War in 1846 passed to the British government. The deposed rajas of Datarpur and Jaswan received cash pensions from the new rulers, but expressed bitter disappointment at not being restored to their former sovereign position. Accordingly, the outbreak of the Second Anglo-Sikh War, in 1848 found the disaffected chieftains ready for rebellion. They organized a revolt, but the two rajas and the other ringleaders were captured, and their estates confiscated. Hoshiarpur is an ancient centre of Hindu epics and culture itself. In Bajwara (4 km east on Una Road from the present city) ruins of an ancient culture can still be found. Mythologically, Teh Dasuya of this district is estimated to be King Virat's kingdom where Pandavas spent their one-year exile.

Bhrigu Samhita

Hoshiarpur is also popular for old astrological facts where it is said to be that old documents where past, present and future birth of every person is written in detail, are safely kept at this place. Many people visit Hoshiarpur to find out about their past, present and future in every birth they have or had taken in the past.[3]

Significant cities

Among the numerous ancient cultural centers in Hoshiarpur was town Jaijon. Said to be Founded by Jaijjat rishi around 11th century at the Shivalik foothills, Jaijon was a flourishing trade centre. It was also known as a centre for oriental studies. Noted scholars and exponents of Sanskrit, Astrology, Ayurveda and music visited this place for meeting. Music composers Pandit Husan Lal and Bhagat Ram and noted Pakistani poet Tufail Hoshiarpuri belonged to the same place. Jaijon also have a small old railway station from the British era.[4]

Ayurveda scholar Pandit Govind Ram Vatsyayan and Sanskrit laureate Acharya Vishwanath belonged to Jaijon.

Mahilpur is an ancient village on the feet of Shivalik which was visited by Chinese Hiuen Tsang who wrote this village as Sri Mahipalpur in his notes.

Demographics

According to the 2011 census Hoshiarpur district has a population of 1,586,625,[5] roughly equal to the nation of Gabon[6] or the US state of Idaho.[7] This gives it a ranking of 310th in India (out of a total of 640).[5] The district has a population density of 683PD/sqkm.[5] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 17.95%.[5] Hoshiarpur has a sex ratio of 961 females for every 1000 males,[5] and a literacy rate of 85.40%. Scheduled Castes made up 35.14% of the population.[5]

The Hoshiarpur district has one of the highest Scheduled Caste population (34%) population in Punjab. The Hoshiarpur-I and Hoshiarpur-II have 48 percent Scheduled Castes population. In Mahilpur block the proportion of Scheduled Castes population is 44 percent and in Bhunga block it is 41 percent while in the remaining blocks the proportion of Scheduled Castes population is less than 40 percent.[8] [9]

Gender

The table below shows the sex ratio of Hoshiarpur district through decades.

Sex ratio of Hoshiarpur district[10] !Census year!!Ratio
2011961
2001935
1991924
1981919
1971899
1961902
1951877
1941879
1931867
1921856
1911828
1901878

The table below shows the child sex ratio of children below the age of 6 years in the rural and urban areas of Hoshiarpur district.

Child sex ratio of children below the age of 6 years in Hoshiarpur district[11] !Year!!Urban!!Rural
2011863865
2001800815

Religion

Religious
group! colspan="2"
2011[12]
1,000,743
538,208
23,089
14,968
Others9,617
Total Population1,586,625

The table below shows the population of different religions in absolute numbers in the urban and rural areas of Hoshiarpur district.

Absolute numbers of different religious groups in Hoshiarpur district[13] !Religion!!Urban (2011)!!Rural (2011)!!Urban (2001)!!Rural (2001)!!Urban (1991)!!Rural (1991)
Hindu2,52,667 7,48,076 2,15,9346,55,9891,35,3376,03,892
Sikh74,051 4,64,157 69,9545,04,90841,2404,45,807
Muslim2,82820,2612,08113,3133526,090
Christian2,133 12,835 1,56111,1656258,081
Other religions3,2906,3272,5443,2872,066317
Religious
group! colspan="2"
1901[14] 1911[15] [16] 1921[17] 1931[18] 1941[19]
603,710498,642500,339526,182584,080
312,958281,805289,298328,078380,759
71,126134,146132,958173,147198,194
1,1739981,0791,0161,125
8132,9783,7453,7646,165
20000
00000
00000
Others00000
Total population989,782918,569927,4191,032,1871,170,323
Tehsil! colspan="2"
OthersTotal
Hoshiarpur Tehsil113,680145,98562,51795351095323,740
Dasuya Tehsil95,572132,10540,5094,7293283273,246
Garh Shankar Tehsil150,99167,58470,3103632847289,539
Una Tehsil223,83735,08524,8581530283,798

Language

At the time of the 2011 census, 93.74% of the population spoke Punjabi and 5.27% Hindi as their first language.[20]

Health

In the year 2017, Hoshiarpur district had the highest number of malaria cases in Punjab at 153.[21]

The table below shows the data from the district nutrition profile of children below the age of 5 years, in Hoshiarpur, as of year 2020.

District nutrition profile of children under 5 years of age in Hoshiarpur, year 2020[22] !Indicators!!Number of children (<5 years)!! Percent (2020)!! Percent (2016)
Low-birth weight20,18817%22%
Stunted22,40319%26%
Wasted13,37912%17%
Severely wasted2,8452%7%
Underweight14,41312%21%
Overweight/obesity4,4374%4%
Anemia72,60270%60%
Total children116,139

The table below shows the district nutrition profile of Hoshiarpur of women between the ages of 15 to 49 years, as of year 2020.

District nutritional profile of Hoshiarpur of women of 15-49 years, in 2020[23] !Indicators!!Number of women (15-49 years)!! Percent (2020)!!Percent (2016)
Underweight (BMI <18.5 kg/m^2)56,08911%14%
Overweight/obesity211,47741%31%
Hypertension186,65236%18%
Diabetes66,73613%NA
Anemia (non-preg)281,58954%62%
Anemia (preg)NANA38%
Total women (preg)24,123
Total women519,345

Economy

In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Hoshiarpur one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640). It is the only district in Punjab currently receiving funds from the Backward regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).[24]

Hoshiarpur has 6,480 registered industrial units, which employ more than 31 thousand employees. There are 24 large and medium industries, where more than 15,000 people work.[25]

Government and politics

Politics

No.ConstituencyName of MLAPartyBench
39MukerianJangi Lal MahajanOpposition
40DasuyaKarambir Singh GhumanGovernment
41UrmarJasvir Singh Raja Gill
42Sham Chaurasi (SC)Dr. Ravjot Singh
43HoshiarpurBram Shanker
44Chabbewal (SC)Dr. Raj Kumar ChabbewalOpposition
45GarhshankarJai Krishan SinghGovernment

District administration

Sub-Divisions

The District of Hoshiarpur comprises four sub-divisions, ten development blocks, eight municipal councils and one notified area committee, as listed below:

Administrative Divisions

Development Blocks
Municipal Corporation
Municipal Councils
Notified Area Committee
Villages

Notable people

Science

Business

Sports

Politics

Arts and entertainment

Military

Other

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: District Administration . 2015-02-16.
  2. Web site: Hoshiarpur District Population Census 2011-2021, Punjab literacy sex ratio and density. www.census2011.co.in.
  3. News: 5,000-year-old astrological tradition thrives in Punjab (Feature, With Image). Business Standard India . 3 April 2015. Business Standard.
  4. Web site: Jaijon gets rail connectivity to Amritsar. Tribune News. Service. Tribuneindia News Service.
  5. Web site: 2011 . District Census Handbook: Hoshiarpur . censusindia.gov.in . Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  6. Web site: US Directorate of Intelligence . Country Comparison:Population . https://web.archive.org/web/20070613004507/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html . dead . 13 June 2007 . 2011-10-01 . Gabon 1,576,665 .
  7. Web site: 2010 Resident Population Data . U. S. Census Bureau . 2011-09-30 . Idaho 1,567,582 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20131019160532/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php . 19 October 2013 . dmy-all .
  8. Web site: State-wise, District-wise List of Blocks with >40% but less than 50% SC population . 12 July 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130723091635/http://socialjustice.nic.in/blocksc50.php?format=print . 23 July 2013 . dead . dmy-all .
  9. Web site: Jat Sikhs: A Question of Identity . 12 July 2012.
  10. Web site: District-wise Decadal Sex ratio in Punjab . Open Government Data (OGD) Platform India . 21 January 2022 . 20 November 2023.
  11. Web site: District-wise Rural and Urban Child Population (0-6 years) and their sex ratio in Punjab . Open Government Data (OGD) Platform India . 21 January 2022 . 21 November 2023.
  12. Web site: Table C-01 Population by Religion: Punjab. 2011 . . censusindia.gov.in.
  13. Web site: Open Government Data (OGD) Platform India . 21 January 2022 .
  14. Web site: Census of India 1901. [Vol. 17A]. Imperial tables, I-VIII, X-XV, XVII and XVIII for the Punjab, with the native states under the political control of the Punjab Government, and for the North-west Frontier Province. ]. saoa.crl.25363739 . 23 March 2024 . 1901 . 34.
  15. Web site: Census of India 1911. Vol. 14, Punjab. Pt. 2, Tables. . saoa.crl.25393788 . 23 March 2024 . 1911 . 27.
  16. Web site: Census Of India 1911 Punjab Vol XIV Part II . 23 March 2024 . 1911 . 27 . Kaul, Harikishan.
  17. Web site: Census of India 1921. Vol. 15, Punjab and Delhi. Pt. 2, Tables. . saoa.crl.25430165 . 23 March 2024 . 1921 . 29.
  18. Web site: Census of India 1931. Vol. 17, Punjab. Pt. 2, Tables. . saoa.crl.25793242 . 23 March 2024 . 1931 . 277.
  19. Web site: Census of India, 1941. Vol. 6, Punjab . saoa.crl.28215541 . 23 March 2024 . 1941 . 42 . India Census Commissioner . 6 .
  20. Web site: Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Punjab . censusindia.gov.in . Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  21. Web site: Micro Strategic Action Plan for Malaria Elimination in the State of Punjab, India, 2018–2020 . www.cdn.who.int . Aug 11, 2024 . Chapter 2, Page 17.
  22. https://ebrary.ifpri.org/digital/api/collection/p15738coll2/id/135605/download
  23. https://ebrary.ifpri.org/digital/api/collection/p15738coll2/id/135605/download
  24. Web site: Ministry of Panchayati Raj . 8 September 2009 . A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme . National Institute of Rural Development . 27 September 2011 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120405033402/http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf . 5 April 2012 . dmy-all .
  25. 'Industries in Hoshiarpur'- hoshiarpuronline.in, https://www.hoshiarpuronline.in/city-guide/industries-in-hoshiarpur
  26. [Rana Mohammad Hanif Khan]
  27. Web site: Welcome to ambedkartimes.com. www.ambedkartimes.com.
  28. Web site: Archived copy . 2011-09-26 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20111128174157/http://portal.bsnl.in/bsnl/asp/content%20mgmt/html%20content/hotnews/hotnews35448.html . 28 November 2011 . dmy-all .
  29. Web site: Articles about Harkishen Singh Surjeet by Date - Page 3 - Times of India . 28 December 2014 . https://archive.today/20120708031159/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/keyword/harkishen-singh-surjeet/recent/3 . 8 July 2012 . dead . . dmy-all .
  30. http://pbplanning.gov.in/pdf/MPLAD%20MPR%2031-5-2010.pdf