List of historical earthquakes explained

Historical earthquakes is a list of significant earthquakes known to have occurred prior to the early 20th century. As the events listed here occurred before routine instrumental recordings – later followed by seismotomography imaging technique,[1] observations using space satellites from outer space,[2] artificial intelligence (AI)-based early earthquake warnings[3] – they rely mainly on the analysis of written sources, observations of shaking objects and/or animal behavior during earthquakes,[4] religious/traditional beliefs about earthquakes (e.g. "God's punishment", "God's rage", "Earth never quiet", "Earth's rage" or "Mother Nature's rage").[5] There is often significant uncertainty and hypothesis in locations and magnitudes – sometimes dates for each earthquakes. The number of fatalities is also often highly uncertain and hypothetical, particularly for the older events.

Pre-11th century

DateTime‡Place-->Fatalities-->CommentsSources
Qinghai
Jishi Gorge outburst flood		Flood caused by landslide after earthquake[6]
Fa of Xia
Mount Tai earthquake		N 34.2705°E 108.92512°??Listed in the Bamboo Annals[7] [8]
Aegean Sea
479 BC Potidaea earthquake		N 39.7°E 23.3°Many7.0 (approx)Oldest record of a tsunami. Saved Potidaea from an invasion by the Achaemenid Empire.[9]
Sparta, Greece
464 BC Sparta earthquake		?7.2 (approx) Led to a helot uprising and strained relations with Athens, one of the factors that led to the Peloponnesian War[10]
Gulf of Corinth, GreeceDestroyed ancient city of Helike by Tsunami[11]
Rhodes, Greece
226 BC Rhodes earthquake		?–Destroyed Colossus of Rhodes and city of Kameiros[12]
Portugal and Galicia coasts?8.5Caused a tsunami[13]
 ADAt nightAsia minor
AD 17 Lydia earthquake		37.8527.3?Destroyed 13 cities in Asia (minor)Described by the historians Tacitus and Pliny the Elder
 ADBay of Naples, Italy
AD 62 Pompeii earthquake		?5–6Brought down a large part of Pompeii, caused severe damage in Herculaneum and Nuceria.Seneca describes it in his "Quaestiones Naturales VI"[14]
 ADBaekje, Seoul, KoreaLots of people6.7Houses were broken and lots of people died.[15]
 ADDian Kingdom, Yunnan, southwestern Chinaprobably thousands–Flooded administrative centre of the Dian Kingdom[16]
 ADAntioch
115 Antioch earthquake		36.136.1260,000 (approx)7.5Ms[17]
or 142 ADLycia, Caria, Dodecanese
141 Lycia earthquake		36.728.0?8Triggered a severe tsunami that caused inundation at Rhodes[18]
 ADSyria
363 Galilee earthquake		"thousands"7 (approx)Destruction also in "The Holy Land", PetraAmmianus Marcellinus[19] and numerous other late Antiquity writers.[20]
 ADCrete (Greece)
365 Crete earthquake		"thousands"8.5+Destruction also in Cyrene & Alexandria (by tsunami). Uplifted Crete by 9 metres.Ammianus Marcellinus and numerous other late Antiquity writers
 ADCape St. Vincent, Portugal7.5According to Roman historian Ammianus Marcellinus, the earthquake and corresponding tsunami sank two islets that were situated near Cape St. Vincent.Ammianus Marcellinus
 ADAntioch, Turkey
526 Antioch earthquake		250,0007.0The city of Antioch was greatly damaged, and some decades later the city's population was just 300,000.Procopius, II.14.6; sources based on John of Ephesus
 ADBeirut, Tyre, Tripoli
551 Beirut earthquake		33.935.530,0007.5Mw Triggered a devastating tsunami, all the cities of the Phoenician coast from Tyre to Tripoli were reduced to ruins
 ADShikoku, Japan
684 Hakuhō earthquake		32.8134.3101–1,0008.4 MK (Kawasumi scale)Various references estimate the quake's magnitude at 8.0 to 8.4, with damage being "severe". Other dates for the quake are: October 14 (incorrect date) and November 24.[21] Described in the history book Nihon Shoki
 ADThe Levant
749 Galilee earthquake		"tens of thousands"7.0–7.5 (approx)The cities of Tiberias, Beit She'an, Hippos and Pella were largely destroyed while many other cities across the Levant region were heavily damaged.[22] [23]
 ADCentral Italy
801 Apennine earthquake		41.89612.4825.4 MeThere was severe damage in Rome. The quake was also felt in Spoleto.[24]
 ADDamascus, Syria
847 Damascus earthquake		33.536.370,0007.3 [25]
 ADCorinth, Greece37.922.945,000– [26]
 AD (aftershocks for about a year)Qumis, Iran. From Khuvar to Bustam and Gurgan. The town of Qumis (Hecatompylos) hardest hit.
856 Damghan earthquake		36.2354.14200,0007.9 (approx)The city of Qumis was half destroyed and had 45,096 casualties.[27]
 ADSendai, Japan
869 Jōgan earthquake		38.5143.81,000 (approx)8.6–9.0 [28] [29]
 ADArdabil, Iran
893 Ardabil earthquake		38.2848.30150,000––Regarded as a 'fake earthquake', due to misunderstanding of original Armenian sources for the 893 Dvin event.[30] [31] [32] [33]
 ADDvin, Armenia
893 Dvin earthquake		40.044.630,0006 (approx)Mislocated in India[34]

11th–16th centuries

DateTime‡PlaceLatLong-->Fatalities-->CommentsSources
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data-sort-value="December 1, 1033" December 1033Jordan Valley, Levant, Israel & the State of Palestine
1033 Jordan Valley earthquake		32.535.570,0007.3. Triggered a tsunami.[35]
data-sort-value="December 1, 1037" December 1037Taizhou, Jiangsu, China32.0119.022,391[36] [37]
August 12, 1042Palmyra, Baalbek, Syria, Lebanon35.138.950,0007.2 (>VIII) 
March 18, 1068Near East
1068 Near East earthquake		20,000≥7.0 
October 11, 1138Aleppo, Syria
1138 Aleppo earthquake		36.136.8230,0007.1 [38]
September 30, 1139Ganja, Azerbaijan
1139 Ganja earthquake		40.346.2230,000–300,0007.7. Resulted in the total destruction of Ganja.[39]
August 12, 115708:15Hama, Syria
1157 Hama earthquake		35.136.38,0007.2 Largest in a sequence lasting from late 1156 to early 1159[40]
February 4, 1169Sicily
1169 Sicily earthquake		37.315.015,0006.4–7.3 [41]
June 29, 117006:29Eastern Mediterranean
1170 Syria earthquake		34.436.45,000–80,000 in Aleppo[42]
25,000 in Hama		7.3–7.5[43]
7.7[44] 		Syria, Lebanon, central southern TurkeyNumerous sources from Crusader times.
data-sort-value="July 5, 1201" July 5, 1201 and/or May 20, 1202Eastern Mediterranean
1202 Syria earthquake
1,100,000 (includes famine/disease deaths)7.6Damage across a wide area from Syria to Upper Egypt–
May 11, 122206:15Cyprus
1222 Cyprus earthquake		34.732.67.0–7.5Caused damage at Paphos, Limassol and Nicosia[45]
data-sort-value="January 1, 1269" 1269Cilicia, Anatolia (Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia)
1269 Cilicia earthquake		37.535.560,0007 (approx)
September 27, 1290Zhili (Hebei), China
1290 Zhili earthquake		41.5119.3100,0006.8Ms[46]
May 26, 1293Kamakura, (now in Kanagawa Prefecture, Kantō region,) Japan
1293 Kamakura earthquake		35.2139.423,0247.1[47]
August 8, 130306:001303 Crete earthquake, Greece3527up to 10,000~8Triggered a major tsunami that devastated Alexandria in Egypt[48]
September 25, 13031303 Hongdong earthquake, China36.3111.7270,000 7.2–7.6Taiyuan and Pingyang (modern Linfen) were leveled.
January 1, 1341Crimea, UkraineNot known6[49]
January 25, 134815:00Friuli, Venice, Rome
1348 Friuli earthquake		46.3713.5810,0006.9[50]
August 24, 1356Lisbon, Portugal
1356 Lisbon earthquake		8.5[51] [52]
October 18, 1356Basel, Switzerland
1356 Basel earthquake		47.507.61,0006.2[53]
May 21, 1382Canterbury, UK
1382 Dover Straits earthquake		?5.8Struck during synod – later called "Earthquake Synod" – called to condemn heresy of John Wycliffe – some saw as portentous[54] [55]
February 2, 1428Catalonia (now Spain)
1428 Catalonia earthquake		42.42.21,000s6.7Sometimes called the terratrèmol de la candelera because it took place during the Candlemas.[56] [57]
December 5, 1456Province of Benevento, Kingdom of Naples (now Italy)
1456 Central Italy earthquakes		41.314.730,000–70,0007.2The largest and most widespread earthquake on the Italian Peninsula. Was followed by another 7.0 shock on December 30.
May 3, 148103:00Rhodes
1481 Rhodes earthquake		36.028.030,0007.1Largest of a series that lasted 10 months[58]
September 20, 149808:00 local timeHonshu
1498 Meiō earthquake		34.0138.131,0008.6Ms[59]
June 6, 1505Nepal
1505 Lo Mustang earthquake		29.583.030% of Nepalese population8.2–8.8
September 10, 150922:00Istanbul, Turkey
1509 Constantinople earthquake		40.928.710,0007.2Ms[60]
January 26, 153104:30Lisbon, Portugal
1531 Lisbon earthquake		38.9−09.030,0006.9 [61]
January 23, 1556Shaanxi, China
1556 Shaanxi earthquake		34.5109.7830,000+8.2–8.3Deadliest earthquake in recorded historyUSGS
data-sort-value="November 16, 1570" November 16–17, 157019:10Ferrara, Italy
1570 Ferrara earthquake		44.81711.63370–2005.5Azariah de Rossi's Kol Elohim[62]
December 16, 157518:30Valdivia, Chile
1575 Valdivia earthquake		−39.8−73.2?8.5[63]
data-sort-value="June 10, 1585" June 10–11, 1585UnkAleutian Islands, Alaska
1585 Aleutian Islands earthquake		UnkUnkUnk9.25
On June 11, 1585, a moderate tsunami struck the Sanriku coast of Japan. At the same time, a number of Hawaiian natives died after their settlements was struck by a tsunami-like event described in oral traditions. Paleotsunami evidence was also found in the Hawaiian Islands corresponding to a large tsunami in the 16th century. Modelling of a magnitude 9.25 earthquake in the Aleutian Islands matched the descriptions and geological evidences in Japan and Hawaii.		[64]
January 18, 158623:00Chūbu region, Japan
1586 Tenshō earthquake		36.0136.98,0007.9[65]

17th century

DateTime‡PlaceLatLong-->Fatalities-->CommentsSources
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November 24, 160412:30 local timeArica, Chile
1604 Arica earthquake		-18.500-70.400?8.5[66]
February 3, 160520:00 local timeShikoku, Honshu, Japan
1605 Keichō earthquake		33.5138.5thousands7.9Ms[67]
July 13, 1605Qiongshan, Hainan, China
1605 Guangdong earthquake		19.9110.53,0007.5 (X)[68]
December 11, 161110:30Sanriku, Japan
1611 Sanriku earthquake		39.0144.4~5,0008.1[69]
October 25, 1622Ningxia, China
1622 North Guyuan earthquake		36.5106.312,0007.0Ms
May 11, 162403:00–04:00Fez, Morocco
1624 Fez earthquake		34.1-5.1thousands6.0[70]
August 1, 1629Banda Sea, Indonesia
1629 Banda Sea earthquake		-4.6129.908.2-8.8Mw
March 27, 1638Calabria, Kingdom of Sicily (present-day Italy)
1638 Calabrian earthquakes		38.6415.789,581–30,0007.1A sequence of four earthquakes.[71]
March 27, 1638nightTabriz, Iran
1641 Tabriz earthquake		37.946.112,613–30,0006.8
February 5, 166317:30 local timeQuebec, Canada
1663 Charlevoix earthquake		47.670.107.3–7.9Landslides were the primary feature.
April 6, 1667Dubrovnik, Croatia
1667 Dubrovnik earthquake		42.318.13,0007.2[72]
November 25, 1667Shamakhi, Azerbaijan
1667 Shamakhi earthquake		40.648.680,0006.9Ms
July 25, 1668Shandong, China
1668 Shandong earthquake		35.3118.642,5788.5Largest earthquake in East China.[73]
August 17, 1668Anatolia, Turkey
1668 North Anatolia earthquake		40368,0008Largest earthquake in Turkey.USGS
February 17, 167419:30Ambon, Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia)
1674 Ambon earthquake and megatsunami		3.75127.752,3476.8Major tsunami up to 100 meters high. First and largest ever documented tsunami in Indonesia.
November 4, 167720:00Bōsō Peninsula, Japan
1677 Bōsō earthquake		35.0141.55698.3–8.6[74]
October 20, 168711:30Lima, Peru
1687 Peru earthquake		−15.2−75.95,0008.2
June 5, 1688Province of Benevento, Italy
1688 Sannio earthquake		41.314.6est. 10,0007Completely destroyed Cerreto Sannita and Guardia Sanframondi, heavily damaged Benevento.[75]
September 13, 169211:00Salta Province, Argentina
1692 Salta earthquake		−25.40−64.80~137.0The small village of Talavera del Esteco was completely destroyed.[76]
June 7, 169211:43 local timePort Royal, Jamaica
1692 Jamaica earthquake		17.9−76.82,000+7 (approx) (X) [77] [78]
January 11, 1693Catania Province, Sicily
1693 Sicily earthquake		60,0007.5
September 5, 169411:40Irpinia, Italy
1694 Irpinia–Basilicata earthquake		40.8815.356,0006.9Mw[79]
May 18, 169512:00Shanxi, Qing dynasty
1695 Linfen earthquake		36.0111.552,600–176,3657.8Mw[80]
January 5, 1699Batavia, Dutch East Indies (now Jakarta, Indonesia)
1699 Java earthquake		6.078105.9131287.4–8.0

18th century

DateTime‡PlaceLatLong-->Fatalities-->CommentsSources
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January 26, 1700~21:00Cascadia subduction zone
1700 Cascadia earthquake Source of "Orphan Tsunami," which struck Japan hours later. The Japanese were caught off-guard, not knowing the origin of the wave, until geologist Brian Atwater's research confirmed it. 		9.0M (Satake et al., 1996)USGS
January 14, 170318:00Norcia, Italy
1703 Apennine earthquakes		42.713.076,240–9,7616.7Mw[81]
February 2, 170311:05L'Aquila, Italy
1703 Apennine earthquakes		42.4313.32,500–5,0006.7Mw
December 31, 170317:00Kantō region, Japan
1703 Genroku earthquake		35.0140.010,0008.2Ms[82]
November 3, 170613:00Abruzzo, Italy
1706 Abruzzo earthquake		42.114.12,4006.8
October 28, 170714:00 local timeJapan
1707 Hōei earthquake		33.0136.05,000+8.6 [83]
October 14, 1709Zhongwei, China
1709 Zhongwei earthquake		37.4105.32,000+7.5Mw[84] [85]
February 3, 1716Algiers, Algeria
1716 Algiers earthquake		36.83.020,000IX–X European macroseismic scale
June 19, 1718Gansu, China
1718 Tongwei–Gansu earthquake		35.0105.273,0007.5Ms[86]
April 26, 1721Tabriz, Iran
1721 Tabriz earthquake		37.946.7~80,0007.7 
July 8, 173008:45Valparaíso, Chile
1730 Valparaíso earthquake		−32.5−71.5?8.7 [87]
September 30, 173010:00 local timeBeijing, China40.0116.2100s6.5 [88] [89]
November 29, 17328:40 local timeIrpinia, Italy
1732 Irpinia earthquake		41.072715.06236.6Ms[90]
October 16, 173715:30 local timeKamchatka, Russia
1737 Kamchatka earthquake		51.1158.08.3Ms [91] [92]
January 4, 173918:00 UTCNingxia, China
1739 Yinchuan–Pingluo earthquake		38.9106.5>50,0008.0
October 28, 174622:30 local timeLima & Callao, Peru
1746 Lima–Callao earthquake		−11.35−77.284,000–5,0008.6–8.8Mw[93]
May 25, 17511:00 local timeConcepción, Chile
1751 Concepción earthquake		−36.830−73.0308.5USGS
June 7, 1755Northern Persia34.051.51,200
40,000[94] 		5.9 [95]
November 1, 175510:16Lisbon, Portugal
1755 Lisbon earthquake		36−1180,0008.5Caused a huge tsunamiUSGS
November 18, 175509:11Boston, Massachusetts, United States
1755 Cape Ann earthquake		42.7−70.205.9Mw[96] [97]
November 27, 1755Fez and Meknes, Morocco
1755 Meknes earthquake		34−515,0006.5–7.0Mw[98] [99]
November 25, 175919:23 local timeEastern Mediterranean
1759 Near East earthquakes		33.735.91,000s7.4Ms Earthquake in same area on October 30 considered to be a foreshock.
March 31, 176113:01 local timeLisbon, Portugal
1761 Lisbon earthquake		34.513.0Unknown8.5Ms Second major earthquake in Europe in six years.
April 2, 1762Northeastern Bay of Bengal[100]
1762 Arakan earthquake		22.092.0200up to 8.8Mw[101]
June 28, 176305:28Komárom, Kingdom of Hungary
1763 Komárom earthquake		47.7318.15836.2–6.5Mw[102]
May 22, 176605:10Istanbul, Turkey
1766 Istanbul earthquake		40.829.04,0007.1[103]
October 21, 176604:30 local timeSaint Joseph, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela
1766 Southeastern Caribbean earthquake		11.0−62.56.5–7.5 Destroyed Spanish colonial capital of San Jose, Trinidad (now St. Joseph).[104] [105]
June 3, 177019:15 local timePort-au-Prince, Haiti
1770 Port-au-Prince earthquake		18.7−72.63200+7.5Mw[106]
July 29, 1773Guatemala
1773 Guatemala earthquake		14.6-90.75–6007.5
January 8, 1780Tabriz, Iran
1780 Tabriz earthquake		38.046.240,000–200,0007.4Ms[107] [108]
data-sort-value="February 4, 1783" February 4–5, 1783; March 28, 178312:00Calabria, Italy
1783 Calabrian earthquakes		38.1515.7035,0006.9Mw First in a sequence of five earthquakes Mw ≥ 5.9 to hit Calabria in less than two months.[109]
June 1, 178604:00 local timeSichuan, China
1786 Kangding-Luding earthquake		29.9102.0~100,0007.75Mw Triggered a landslide that blocked the Dadu river – the collapse of the dam during an aftershock and subsequent flood caused most of the casualties.[110]
March 28, 178711:30 local timeOaxaca, Mexico
1787 New Spain earthquake		16.5-98.511+8.6Mw
February 4, 179712:30Quito, Ecuador & Cuzco, Peru
1797 Riobamba earthquake		41,0007.3Mw[111]
February 10, 1797Sumatra, East Indies (now Indonesia)
1797 Sumatra earthquake		−1.099.03008.4 [112] [113]

19th century

DateTime‡PlaceLatLong-->Fatalities-->CommentsSources
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October 26, 180210:55Vrancea region, Moldavia, now Romania
1802 Vrancea earthquake		45.726.63 in Bucharest7.9Serious damage in the area. All church steeples in Bucharest collapsed, as well as many houses and Colţea bell tower.[114] [115]
February 16, 181022:15Crete, Heraklion
1810 Crete earthquake		35.525.62,0007.5Mw[116]
December 16, 181108:00New Madrid, Missouri, United States
1811–1812 New Madrid earthquakes		36.6−89.68.1USGS
January 23, 181215:00New Madrid, Missouri, United States
1811–1812 New Madrid earthquakes		36.6−89.67.8USGS
February 7, 181209:45New Madrid, Missouri, United States
1811–1812 New Madrid earthquakes		36.6−89.68MI (Johnston, 1996)USGS
March 26, 181216:37Caracas, La Guaira, El Tocuyo, San Felipe, Barquisimeto, Mérida, La Victoria, Valencia, Venezuela 1812 Caracas earthquake15,000–20,0007.7–8.0
December 8, 18127:00 a.m. local timeAlta California 1812 San Juan Capistrano earthquake406.9–7.5Destroyed the "Great Stone Church" at Mission San Juan Capistrano
December 21, 181211:00 a.m. local timeSanta Barbara Channel, California, United States1812 Ventura earthquake34.12−119.541–27.1–7.5Destroyed the church at Mission Santa Barbara, caused near-total destruction at Mission La Purísima Concepción, and considerable damage at Mission Santa InésSouthern California Earthquake Data Center
June 16, 181918:45–18:50 local timeGujarat, India
1819 Rann of Kutch earthquake		23.071.0>1,5437.7–8.2Mw Formed an 80 km long ridge, the Allah Bund ('Dam of God')[117]
June 2, 182308:00south flank of Kīlauea, Hawaii, Kingdom of Hawaii19.3−1557MI (Klein and Wright, 2000)USGS
August 26, 1833Himalayas, Nepal–India–Tibet region
1833 Bihar–Nepal earthquake		28.385.5~5007.7–7.9[118]
November 25, 1833Sumatra, East Indies (now Indonesia)
1833 Sumatra earthquake		−2.5100.5"numerous victims"8.8–9.2Mw Huge tsunami flooded all southern part of western Sumatra[119] [120]
June 10, 183615:30south San Francisco Bay region, California, Mexico (now United States)36.9−121.56.5MI (Bakun, 1999) Reports probably refer to the 1838 San Andreas earthquake, misreported in 1868 following the Hayward earthquake of that yearUSGS,
January 1, 183716:00 local timeGalilee, Palestine
1837 Galilee earthquake		33.035.56,000–7,000>7.0Ms[121]
data-sort-value="June 1, 1838" June 1838San Francisco Peninsula, California, Mexico (now United States)
1838 San Andreas earthquake		37.3−123.26.8MI (Bakun, 1999)USGS
January 11, 183906:00 local timeOffshore Martinique, France
1839 Martinique earthquake		14.5–60.5Severe damage in Martinique, and felt throughout most of the Lesser Antilles
March 23, 183904:00Inwa, Kingdom of Burma (present day Myanmar)1839 Ava earthquake21.996.0Destroyed the city of Amarapura, Mandalay and the former capital Inwa.[122]
January 5, 184302:45Marked Tree, Arkansas, United States35.5−90.56.3MI (Johnston, 1996)USGS
February 8, 184310:37 local timeGuadeloupe, France1843 Guadeloupe earthquake16.562.2
May 8, 1847Around Zenkō-ji Temple, (now in Nagano Prefecture, Chūbu region,) Japan
1847 Zenkoji earthquake		36.7138.2>8,6007.42,094 houses lost by fire with quake at Nagano.[123]
November 26, 1852Banda Sea, Dutch East Indies
1852 Banda Sea earthquake		5.24129.7560+7.5–8.8 Major tsunami.
December 23, 185409:00Honshu, Japan
1854 Tōkai earthquake		34.0137.82,0008.4Major tsunami.[124]
December 24, 185416:00Honshu, Japan
1854 Nankai earthquake		33.0135.0thousands8.4Major tsunami
January 23, 185521:11 local timeWairarapa, New Zealand
1855 Wairarapa earthquake		−41.4174.548.0 (approx)Raised sections of Wellington coastline by 2 metres.–
November 11, 185522:00 local timeEdo (now Tokyo, Kantō region), Japan
1855 Edo earthquake		35.65139.8~ 7,0007.0Ms 10,000 houses destroyed in Edo.安政の大地震 in Japanese
October 12, 185602:38 or 02:24 local timeCrete-Rhodes, Greece (then the Ottoman Empire)1856 Heraklion earthquake35.526.0600+7.7–8.3 Widespread damage to Greece, Malta, Anatolia and the Middle East.
January 9, 185716:24Fort Tejon, California, United States (San Andreas Fault from Parkfield to Wrightwood)
1857 Fort Tejon earthquake		17.9M (Grant and Sieh, 1993; Stein and Hanks, 1998)USGS
December 16, 185721:00Naples, Italy
1857 Basilicata earthquake		40.31611,0006.9MIUSGS
February 16, 1861Sumatra, East Indies (now Indonesia)
1861 Sumatra earthquake		1.097,59058.5Caused a major tsunami.[125] [126]
March 20, 186120:36Mendoza Province, Argentina
1861 Mendoza earthquake		-32.9-68.95,2357.2Strongest earthquake in Mendoza Province and proportional most deadly in Argentinean history.INPRES
October 8, 186520:46San Jose, California, United States37.2−121.96.5MI (Bakun, 1999)USGS
April 14, 186714:30Manhattan, Riley County, Kansas
1867 Manhattan, Kansas earthquake		39.2–96.35.1
June 10, 186721:09Central Java, Dutch East Indies
1867 Java earthquake		-8.7110.67007.8
November 18, 186718:45Anegada Passage, between the British Virgin Islands and Danish West Indies (present-day US Virgin Islands)
1867 Virgin Islands earthquake and tsunami		18.2–65.0~307.3–7.5NGDC
December 18, 186709:00New Taipei City, Taiwan
1867 Keelung earthquake		25.34121.915807.0. Thought to be the only destructive tsunami (15 meters) in Taiwan.
April 3, 186802:25Kau, southeast Hawaii, Hawaii, Kingdom of Hawaii
1868 Hawaii earthquake		19.2−155.5777.9MI (Klein and Wright, 2000)USGS
August 13, 186816:45 local timeArica, Chile
1868 Arica earthquake		−18.500−70.35025,0008.5-9.3Mw, Okal et al. (2006) gives upper end magnitudeUSGS
October 21, 186815:53Hayward, California, United States, Hayward Fault Zone
1868 Hayward earthquake		37.7−122.1306.8MI (Bakun, 1999)USGS
February 20, 187108:42Molokai, Hawaii, Kingdom of Hawaii
1871 Lānaʻi earthquake		21.2−156.96.8MI (Klein and Wright, 2000)USGS
March 26, 187210:30Owens Valley, California, United States
1872 Owens Valley earthquake		36.5−118277.6M (Beanland and Clark, 1994)USGS
December 15, 187205:40North Cascades, Washington, United States
1872 North Cascades earthquake		47.9−120.37.3MI (Malone and Bor, 1979; Rogers et al., 1983)USGS
May 10, 187721:16 local timeIquique, Chile
1877 Iquique earthquake		−19.600−70.2302,5418.8MwUSGS
November 9, 18807:04 local timeZagreb, Croatia
1880 Zagreb earthquake		45.916.116.2Ms[127]
April 3, 188111:30Chios, Çeşme, Alaçatı
1881 Chios earthquake		38.2526.257,8666.5Mw[128]
December 31, 188101:49India, Andaman and Nicobar Islands
1881 Nicobar Islands earthquake		8.5292.4307.9Mw[129]
September 7, 18823:50 local timeSan Blas Islands, Panama
1882 Panama earthquake		10.079.02508.3Ms Largest earthquake in Panamanian history[130]
December 25, 188409:18-36.964.071,2006.5Mw
August 27, 188621:32Filiatra, western Peloponnese, Greece
1886 Peloponnese earthquake		37.121.56007.5unknown[131]
August 31, 188602:51Charleston, South Carolina, United States
1886 Charleston earthquake		32.9−80607.3MI (Johnston, 1996) Believed to be the largest earthquake ever to strike the east coast.USGS
February 23, 188706:30 local timeLiguria, Italy 1887 Liguria earthquake43.788.07600–3,0006.3–7.5 The earthquake caused severe damage along the Ligurian coast and caused the town of Bussana Vecchia to be abandoned.[132] [133]
September 1, 188804:10 local timeNorth Canterbury, New Zealand
1888 North Canterbury earthquake		−42.6172.47.0–7.3First earthquake observed to be associated with mainly horizontal fault displacement.–
July 28, 188923:40Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan
1889 Kumamoto earthquake		32.8130.7206.3
October 27, 189121:38Mino-Owari (Gifu-Aichi Prefectures), Tōkai region, Japan
1891 Mino–Owari earthquake		35.6136.67,2738MSUSGS
April 19, 189210:50Vacaville, California, United States
1892 Vacaville–Winters earthquakes		38.5−121.816.4MI (Bakun, 1999)USGS
April 21, 189217:43Winters, California, United States
1892 Vacaville–Winters earthquakes		38.6−1226.4MI (Bakun, 1999)USGS
November 17, 189315:06Quchan, Iran
1893 Quchan earthquake		37.258.418,0006.6Ms[134]
October 31, 189511:08Charleston, Missouri, United States
1895 Charleston earthquake		37−89.46.6MI (Johnston, 1996)USGS
June 15, 189619:32Off the Pacific coast of Sanriku, Iwate Prefecture, Tōhoku region, Japan
1896 Sanriku earthquake		39.514422,000+8.0–8.1 (approx)MwUSGS
June 12, 189711:06Assam, India
1897 Assam earthquake		26911,5008.3USGS
September 21, 189705:12Mindanao, Philippines
1897 Mindanao earthquakes		6.0122.0137.5MS[135] [136]
September 4, 189900:22Cape Yakataga, Alaska, United States
1899 Yakutat Bay earthquakes		60-1427.9MSUSGS
September 10, 189921:41Yakutat Bay, Alaska, United States
1899 Yakutat Bay earthquakes		60−1428MSUSGS
September 20, 189904:00Ottoman Empire
1899 Aydın–Denizli earthquake		37.928.11,1177.1MwNGDC
October 9, 190012:28Kodiak Island, Alaska, United States57.1−153.57.7MSUSGS
October 28, 190009:11offshore Miranda, Venezuela
1900 San Narciso earthquake		11.0−66.01407.7USGS

Source for all events with 'USGS' labelled as the source United States Geological Survey (USGS) https://web.archive.org/web/20090904034044/http://earthquake.usgs.gov/eqcenter/eqarchives/significant/Note: Magnitudes are generally estimations from intensity data. When no magnitude was available, the maximum intensity, written as a Roman numeral from I to XII, is given.

See also

External links

Notes and References

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