Government of Hungary explained

The Government of Hungary (Hungarian: Magyarország Kormánya) exercises executive power in Hungary.[1] It is led by the Prime Minister, and is composed of various ministers.[2] It is the principal organ of public administration. The Prime Minister (miniszterelnök) is elected by the National Assembly and serves as the head of government and exercises executive power. The Prime Minister is the leader of the party with the most seats in parliament. The Prime Minister selects Cabinet ministers and has the exclusive right to dismiss them. Cabinet nominees must appear before consultative open hearings before one or more parliamentary committees, survive a vote in the National Assembly, and be formally approved by the President. The cabinet is responsible to the parliament.

Since the fall of communism, Hungary has a multi-party system. A new Hungarian parliament was elected on 8 April 2018. This parliamentary election was the 8th since the 1990 first multi-party election. The result was a victory for FideszKDNP alliance, preserving its two-thirds majority with Viktor Orbán remaining Prime Minister. It was the second election according to the new Constitution of Hungary which went into force on 1 January 2012. The new electoral law also entered into force that day. The voters elected 199 MPs instead of previous 386 lawmakers.[3] [4]

In 2023, there are increasing concerns over the commitment of the Hungarian government towards democratic values. Credible sources, including Freedom House[5] and the European Parliament,[6] claim Hungary is no longer a democratic country. Prime Minister Viktor Orban and his leading politicians openly use racist arguments,[7] making the normalization of right-wing extremism a valid concern in case of Hungary.[8] Voicing hate speech or discriminatory language against marginalized groups, including but not limited to those based on race, religion, or sexual orientation, especially when presented in a humorous context, is often socially accepted in Hungary.[9]

List of cabinets since 1989:

Governments of Hungary
Name of GovernmentDuration of GovernmentPrime ministerParties Involved
NémethNovember 24, 1988 – May 23, 1990Miklós Németh (MSZP)MSZP
AntallMay 23, 1990 – December 12, 1993József Antall (MDF)MDF, FKgP, KDNP
BorossDecember 12, 1993 – December 21, 1993Péter Boross (MDF)MDF, EKgP, KDNP
December 21, 1993 – July 15, 1994
HornJuly 15, 1994 – July 6, 1998Gyula Horn (MSZP)MSZP, SZDSZ
Orbán IJuly 6, 1998 – May 27, 2002Viktor Orbán (Fidesz)Fidesz, FKgP, MDF
MedgyessyMay 27, 2002 – September 29, 2004Péter Medgyessy (Ind.)MSZP, SZDSZ
Gyurcsány ISeptember 29, 2004 – June 9, 2006Ferenc Gyurcsány (MSZP)
Gyurcsány IIJune 9, 2006 – April 14, 2009Ferenc Gyurcsány (MSZP)MSZP, SZDSZ
BajnaiApril 14, 2009 – May 29, 2010Gordon Bajnai (Ind.)MSZP
Orbán IIMay 29, 2010 – June 6, 2014Viktor Orbán (Fidesz)Fidesz, KDNP
Orbán IIIJune 6, 2014 – May 18, 2018Viktor Orbán (Fidesz)Fidesz, KDNP
Orbán IVMay 18, 2018 – May 24, 2022Viktor Orbán (Fidesz)Fidesz, KDNP
Orbán VMay 24, 2022 – presentViktor Orbán (Fidesz)Fidesz, KDNP

Notes
Traditional colours
Hungarian Socialist Party (Magyar Szocialista Párt, MSZP)
Hungarian Democratic Forum (Magyar Demokrata Fórum, MDF)
Independent Smallholders, Agrarian Workers and Civic Party (Független Kisgazda-, Földmunkás- és Polgári Párt, FKgP)
United Smallholders' Party (Egyesült Történelmi Kisgazda és Polgári Párt, EKgP)
Christian Democratic People's Party (Kereszténydemokrata Néppárt, KDNP)
Alliance of Free Democrats (Szabad Demokraták Szövetsége, SZDSZ)
Fidesz – Hungarian Civic Alliance (Fidesz – Magyar Polgári Szövetség, Fidesz)

Current government

See main article: Fifth Orbán Government and 2022 Hungarian parliamentary election.

Following the Hungarian parliamentary election, 2022, the current prime minister, Viktor Orbán is serving with his government since 24 May 2022.

NameOfficePartyPeriod
Viktor OrbánPrime MinisterFidesz24.05.2022 -
Zsolt SemjénDeputy Prime Minister
Minister without portfolio for National Politics
KDNP24.05.2022 -
Gergely GulyásMinister of the Prime Minister's OfficeFidesz24.05.2022 -
Antal RogánMinister of the Prime Minister's Cabinet OfficeFidesz24.05.2022 -
Márton NagyMinister for the National Economy Independent01.01.2024 -
Péter SzijjártóMinister of Foreign Affairs and TradeFidesz24.05.2022 -
János LázárMinister of Transport and ConstructionFidesz24.05.2022 -
Sándor PintérDeputy Prime Minister
Minister of Interior
Independent24.05.2022 -
Mihály VargaMinister of FinanceFidesz24.05.2022 -
Bence TuzsonMinister of JusticeFidesz01.08.2023 -
János BókaMinister of EU AffairsFidesz01.08.2023 -
János CsákMinister of Culture and InnovationIndependent24.05.2022 -
István NagyMinister of AgricultureFidesz18.05.2018 -
Kristóf Szalay-BobrovniczkyMinister of DefenceIndependent24.05.2022 -
Tibor NavracsicsMinister of Public Administration and Regional DevelopmentFidesz01.01.2024 -

Government history, since 1990

Minister of the Interior

Minister In office Cabinet
! style="background: 23.05.1990 - 21.12.1990 Antall
! style="background: 21.12.1990 - 21.12.1993 MDF
! style="background: 21.12.1993 - 15.07.1994 Boross
! style="background: 15.07.1994 - 06.07.1998 Horn
! style="background: 06.07.1998 - 27.05.2002 Independent Orbán I
! style="background: 27.05.2002 - 09.06.2006 Medgyessy, Gyurcsány I
! style="background: Sándor Pintér29.05.2010 - Independent
Ministry of Local Government (2006-2010)
Minister In office Cabinet
! style="background: Mónika Lamperth 09.06.2006 - 30.06.2007 Gyurcsány II
! style="background: 30.06.2007 - 30.04.2008 Independent
! style="background:#FF8080;" 30.04.2008 - 14.04.2009 Somogyért
! style="background: 14.04.2009 - 29.05.2010 Bajnai
Ministry of Justice and Law Enforcement (2006-2010)
Minister In office Cabinet
! style="background: 09.06.2006 - 31.05.2007 Independent Gyurcsány II
! style="background: 01.06.2007 - 17.02.2008 Independent
! style="background: 18.02.2008 - 14.12.2009 Independent Gyurcsány II, Bajnai
! style="background: 14.12.2009 - 29.05.2010 Independent Bajnai

Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade

The Minister of Foreign Affairs of Hungary (Hungarian: Magyarország külügyminisztere) is a member of the Hungarian cabinet and the head of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The current foreign minister is Péter Szijjártó.

Minister In office Cabinet
! style="background: 23.05.1990 - 15.07.1994 Antall, Boross
! style="background: 15.07.1994 - 08.07.1998 Horn
! style="background: 08.07.1998 - 27.05.2002 Independent Orbán I
! style="background: László Kovács 27.05.2002 - 01.11.2004 Medgyessy, Gyurcsány I
! style="background: 01.11.2004 - 09.06.2006 Independent Gyurcsány I
! style="background: 09.06.2006 - 14.04.2009 Independent Gyurcsány II
! style="background: 14.04.2009 - 29.05.2010 Independent Bajnai
! style="background: János Martonyi 29.05.2010 - 06.06.2014 Orbán II
! style="background: 06.06.2014 - 23.09.2014 Orbán III
! style="background: 23.09.2014 -

Minister of Finance

The Minister of Finance of Hungary (Hungarian: Magyarország pénzügyminisztere) is a member of the Hungarian cabinet and the head of the Ministry of Finance. The current minister of Finance is Mihály Varga.

Minister In office Cabinet
Minister of Finance
! style="background: 23.05.1990 - 19.12.1990 Independent Antall
! style="background: 20.12.1990 - 11.02.1993 MDF
! style="background: 24.02.1993 - 15.07.1994 Antall, Boross
! style="background: 15.07.1994 - 28.02.1995 Horn
! style="background: 01.03.1995 - 29.02.1996 MSZP
! style="background: 01.03.1996 - 07.07.1998 Independent
! style="background: 08.07.1998 - 31.12.2000 Orbán I
! style="background: 01.01.2001 - 27.05.2002 Fidesz
! style="background: 27.05.2002 - 15.02.2004 Medgyessy
! style="background: 15.02.2004 - 24.04.2005 Independent Medgyessy, Gyurcsány I
! style="background: 24.04.2005 - 16.04.2009 Gyurcsány I, Gyurcsány II
! style="background: 16.04.2009 - 29.05.2010 Independent Bajnai
Minister of Finance
! style="background: 29.05.2010 - 07.03.2013 Orbán II
! style="background: Mihály Varga07.03.2013 -

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Website of the Government of Hungary . Government of Hungary . 8 December 2014.
  2. Web site: Fundamental Law of Hungary (Article 15) . 2014-12-08 . 2014-06-29 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140629205136/http://www.kormany.hu/download/e/02/00000/The%20New%20Fundamental%20Law%20of%20Hungary.pdf . dead .
  3. Az országgyűlési képviselők választásáról szóló 2011. évi CCIII. törvény. In.: Magyar Közlöny. 2011. évi, 165. sz., 41095-41099. p.
  4. Web site: Életbe lép az új választójogi törvény . . 29 December 2011 . 2 January 2012 . hu . https://web.archive.org/web/20120513052826/http://mno.hu/belfold/eletbe-lep-az-uj-valasztojogi-torveny-1040139 . 13 May 2012 . dead .
  5. Web site: Gehrke . Laurenz . Hungary no longer a democracy, Freedom House says . 2023-03-17 . POLITICO . en.
  6. Web site: 2022-09-15 . MEPs: Hungary can no longer be considered a full democracy News European Parliament . 2023-03-17 . www.europarl.europa.eu . en.
  7. News: RFE/RL . European Parliament Leaders Condemn Orban For 'Openly Racist' Remarks . en . RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty . 2023-03-17.
  8. Web site: December 2015 . Antisemitic and Racist Statements by Hungarian Political Leaders . 2023-03-17 . human rights first.
  9. Bekesi . Aron B. . 2023 . The Paradox of Anti-Democratic Arguments: aDefense of Democratic Principles in Debates . Science & Philosophy . 11 . 2 . 94.