Gonabad Explained

Official Name:Gonabad
Native Name:Persian: گناباد
Settlement Type:City
Pushpin Map:Iran
Subdivision Type:Country
Subdivision Name:Iran
Subdivision Type1:Province
Subdivision Name1:Razavi Khorasan
Subdivision Type2:County
Subdivision Name2:Gonabad
Subdivision Type3:District
Subdivision Name3:Central
Population As Of:2016
Population Total:40773
Population Density Km2:auto
Timezone:IRST
Utc Offset:+3:30
Coordinates:34.3575°N 58.6783°W
Coordinates Footnotes:[1]

Gonabad (Persian: گناباد ) is a city in the Central District of Gonabad County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district.[2]

The city is mostly well known because of the Gonabadi Dervishes and for its qanats, also known as kariz. It is one of the most important producers of saffron in Iran. Other agricultural products include: Grape, Pistachio and pomegranate. The shrine the Ni'matullāhī Gonabadi dervish order is located in Beydokht, a village in the Gonabad county.[3]

History

The famous ancient war of Davazdah Rokh had happened between Iran and Turan (Central Asia) in this city on the Zibad Castle.

The construction of this city is attributed to the Achaemenid kings and during the Seljuk Empire and Khwarazmian dynasty periods (fifth to seventh centuries AH) it was Shahrabadi.[4]

Gonabad has also been recorded in Arabic and Islamic sources as Janabd, Kanabd, and Yanabd. Yasemi family is one of the oldest family in gonadab

Demographics

Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 34,563 in 9,789 households.[5] The following census in 2011 counted 36,367 people in 10,389 households.[6] The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 40,773 people in 12,037 households.[7]

Geography and climate

The city of Gonabad is located in the south of Khorasan Razavi province on the Brakuh plateau. The city is located on a flat plateau and is 24 km away from the Barakuh mountain range. The highest peak of Barakuh is called Tirmehi Mountain or Zibad Mountain. The city of Gonabad is located in an arid and semi-desert climate on the edge of the desert. This city has been facing a serious drought crisis in recent years. The city of Gonabad is located on the plain and plateau of Siah Kooh or Ghahestan mountain range. Ghahestan mountain range in Gonabad region is more known as Brakuh, Siah Kooh and Zibad mountain.

Historical sites, ancient artifacts and tourism

Forud Castle

See main article: Forud Castle. Forud Castle is a historical castle located in Gonabad County in Razavi Khorasan Province, The longevity of this fortress dates back to the Parthian Empire.

Zibad Castle

See main article: Zibad Castle. Zibad Castle is one of the four historical monuments of Zibad, Iran. In 2001, the castle was registered as a national property in Iran, which is related to the history of pre-Islamic Iran, and is located in Gonabad city, Kakhk district, in the residential area of Zibad. It has been registered as national heritage. In addition to the castle of Zibad, there are also the royal castle of Zibad nationally registered under the name of Shahab Castle in 2002.

Jameh Mosque of Gonabad

See main article: Jameh Mosque of Gonabad. The Jameh Mosque of Gonabad is related to Khwarazmian dynasty and is located in Gonabad.[8] [9]

Qanats of Gonabad

See main article: Qanats of Ghasabeh. The Qanats of Ghasabeh, also called Kariz Kai Khosrow, is one of the world's oldest and largest networks of qanats (underground aqueducts). Built between 700 and 500 BCE by the Achaemenid Empire in what is now Gonabad, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran, the complex contains 427 water wells with a total length of 33113m (108,638feet).[10] The site was first added to UNESCO's list of tentative World Heritage Sites in 2007, then officially inscribed in 2016, collectively with several other qanats, as "The Persian Qanat".[11]

Education and culture

Higher education

Gonabad can be considered the most student city in Khorasan Razavi province. According to unofficial statistics, about 30% of the city's population (equivalent to about 12,000 people) are indigenous and non-indigenous students. The most important higher education centers in Gonabad:

See also

Notes and References

  1. ((OpenStreetMap contributors)) . Gonabad, Gonabad County . . 29 April 2023 . 29 April 2023 . fa.
  2. Web site: Approval of the organization and chain of citizenship of the elements and units of the divisions of Khorasan province, centered in Mashhad . fa . Islamic Parliament Research Center . https://web.archive.org/web/20151117024415/https://rc.majlis.ir/fa/law/show/113047 . Ministry of Interior, Defense Political Commission of the Government Board . Habibi . Hassan . 17 November 2015 . 21 June 1369 . 6 January 2024.
  3. http://www.rferl.org/featuresarticle/2006/10/81c671ea-c25a-46db-ab07-328838f1ad99.html Esfandiari, Golnaz (12 October 2006) "Iran: Local Authorities Try To Evict Sufi Leader" Radio Free Europe
  4. Web site: "گناباد" نگین گردشگری خراسان رضوی؛ از قنات تاریخی تا روستا‌های بوم‌گردی+فیلم. 8 March 2021. Tasnim News Agency.
  5. Web site: Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006) . 09 . fa . The Statistical Center of Iran . AMAR . 25 September 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110920095433/http://www.amar.org.ir/DesktopModules/FTPManager/upload/upload2360/newjkh/newjkh/09.xls . Excel . 20 September 2011.
  6. Web site: Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011) . 09 . fa . The Statistical Center of Iran . Syracuse University . https://web.archive.org/web/20230120012029/https://irandataportal.syr.edu/wp-content/uploads/Razavi-Khorasan.xls . 20 January 2023 . 19 December 2022 . Excel.
  7. Web site: Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016) . 09 . fa . The Statistical Center of Iran . AMAR . 19 December 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220402213121/https://www.amar.org.ir/Portals/0/census/1395/results/abadi/CN95_HouseholdPopulationVillage_09.xlsx . Excel . 2 April 2022.
  8. Web site: Jameh Mosque – Gonabad. 31 July 2019. travital.com.
  9. Web site: Jameh Mosque, Gonabad. 31 July 2019. en.tripyar.com. 31 July 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190731121308/https://en.tripyar.com/iran/razavi-khorasan/gonabad/attractions/ancient-and-historical/historical/jameh-mosque-gonabad.html. dead.
  10. https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5207/ Qanats of Gonabad-World Heritage
  11. https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1506 The Persian Qanat
  12. Web site: Gonabad University of Medical Sciences Ranking & Review . 2022-05-10 . www.4icu.org.
  13. Web site: Islamic Azad University, Gonabad in Iran . 2022-05-10 . www.alluniversity.info.
  14. Web site: 2021-08-09 . Islamic Azad University, Gonabad Ranking . 2022-05-10 . Top Universities List - Highest Ranking Universities 2021 . en-US.
  15. Web site: University of Gonabad Ranking & Review . 2022-05-10 . www.4icu.org.