Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (quinone) explained

Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
Ec Number:	1.1.5.3
Cas Number:	9001-49-4
Width:	270
Altnames:	valpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase, alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (acceptor), anaerobic glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, DL-glycerol 3-phosphate oxidase (misleading), FAD-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, FAD-dependent sn-glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, FAD-GPDH, FAD-linked glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, FAD-linked L-glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, flavin-linked glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, flavoprotein-linked L-glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, glycerol 3-phosphate cytochrome c reductase (misleading), glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase, glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase (acceptor), glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase (FAD), glycerol-3-phosphate CoQ reductase, glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (flavin-linked), glycerol-3-phosphate:CoQ reductase, glycerophosphate dehydrogenase, L-3-glycerophosphate-ubiquinone oxidoreductase, L-glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (ambiguous), L-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase, mGPD, mitochondrial glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase, NAD+-independent glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase, pyridine nucleotide-independent L-glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, sn-glycerol 3-phosphate oxidase (misleading), sn-glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, sn-glycerol-3-phosphate:(acceptor) 2-oxidoreductase, sn-glycerol-3-phosphate:acceptor 2-oxidoreductase)

Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (is an enzyme with systematic name sn-glycerol 3-phosphate:quinone oxidoreductase.^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8]} This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + quinone

\rightleftharpoons glycerone phosphate + quinol

This flavin-dependent dehydrogenase is a membrane enzyme. It participates in glycolysis, respiration and phospholipid biosynthesis.

Notes and References

1. Ringler RL . Studies on the mitochondrial alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase. II. Extraction and partial purification of the dehydrogenase from pig brain . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 236 . 1192–8 . April 1961 . 4 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)64266-8 . free . 13741763 .
2. Schryvers A, Lohmeier E, Weiner JH . Chemical and functional properties of the native and reconstituted forms of the membrane-bound, aerobic glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase of Escherichia coli . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 253 . 3 . 783–8 . February 1978 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)38171-1 . free . 340460 .
3. MacDonald MJ, Brown LJ . Calcium activation of mitochondrial glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase restudied . Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics . 326 . 1 . 79–84 . February 1996 . 8579375 . 10.1006/abbi.1996.0049 .
4. Rauchová H, Fato R, Drahota Z, Lenaz G . Steady-state kinetics of reduction of coenzyme Q analogs by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase in brown adipose tissue mitochondria . Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics . 344 . 1 . 235–41 . August 1997 . 9244403 . 10.1006/abbi.1997.0150 .
5. Shen W, Wei Y, Dauk M, Zheng Z, Zou J . Identification of a mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from Arabidopsis thaliana: evidence for a mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle in plants . FEBS Letters . 536 . 1–3 . 92–6 . February 2003 . 12586344 . 10.1016/s0014-5793(03)00033-4 . free . 2003FEBSL.536...92S .
6. Walz AC, Demel RA, de Kruijff B, Mutzel R . Aerobic sn-glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from Escherichia coli binds to the cytoplasmic membrane through an amphipathic alpha-helix . The Biochemical Journal . 365 . Pt 2 . 471–9 . July 2002 . 11955283 . 1222694 . 10.1042/BJ20011853 .
7. Ansell R, Granath K, Hohmann S, Thevelein JM, Adler L . The two isoenzymes for yeast NAD+-dependent glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase encoded by GPD1 and GPD2 have distinct roles in osmoadaptation and redox regulation . The EMBO Journal . 16 . 9 . 2179–87 . May 1997 . 9171333 . 1169820 . 10.1093/emboj/16.9.2179 .
8. Larsson C, Påhlman IL, Ansell R, Rigoulet M, Adler L, Gustafsson L . The importance of the glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle during aerobic growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae . Yeast . 14 . 4 . 347–57 . March 1998 . 9559543 . 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0061(19980315)14:4<347::AID-YEA226>3.0.CO;2-9 .