Glutathione hydrolase explained

Glutathione hydrolase
Ec Number:	3.4.19.13

Glutathione hydrolase (glutathionase, GGT, gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase) is an enzyme.^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7]} This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

glutathione + H₂O

\rightleftharpoons L-cysteinylglycine + L-glutamate

This protein also acts as enzyme EC 2.3.2.2 (gamma-glutamyltransferase).

Notes and References

1. Hanigan MH, Ricketts WA . Extracellular glutathione is a source of cysteine for cells that express gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase . Biochemistry . 32 . 24 . 6302–6 . June 1993 . 8099811 . 10.1021/bi00075a026 .
2. Suzuki H, Kumagai H . Autocatalytic processing of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 277 . 45 . 43536–43 . November 2002 . 12207027 . 10.1074/jbc.m207680200 . free .
3. Okada T, Suzuki H, Wada K, Kumagai H, Fukuyama K . Crystal structures of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase from Escherichia coli, a key enzyme in glutathione metabolism, and its reaction intermediate . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 103 . 17 . 6471–6 . April 2006 . 16618936 . 1458908 . 10.1073/pnas.0511020103 . 2006PNAS..103.6471O . free .
4. Boanca G, Sand A, Okada T, Suzuki H, Kumagai H, Fukuyama K, Barycki JJ . Autoprocessing of Helicobacter pylori gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase leads to the formation of a threonine-threonine catalytic dyad . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 282 . 1 . 534–41 . January 2007 . 17107958 . 10.1074/jbc.m607694200 . free .
5. Okada T, Suzuki H, Wada K, Kumagai H, Fukuyama K . Crystal structure of the gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase precursor protein from Escherichia coli. Structural changes upon autocatalytic processing and implications for the maturation mechanism . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 282 . 4 . 2433–9 . January 2007 . 17135273 . 10.1074/jbc.m607490200 . free .
6. Wickham S, West MB, Cook PF, Hanigan MH . Gamma-glutamyl compounds: substrate specificity of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase enzymes . Analytical Biochemistry . 414 . 2 . 208–14 . July 2011 . 21447318 . 3099546 . 10.1016/j.ab.2011.03.026 .
7. Carter BZ, Wiseman AL, Orkiszewski R, Ballard KD, Ou CN, Lieberman MW . Metabolism of leukotriene C4 in gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase-deficient mice . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 272 . 19 . 12305–10 . May 1997 . 9139674 . 10.1074/jbc.272.19.12305 . free .