Geranylfarnesyl diphosphate synthase explained

Geranylfarnesyl diphosphate synthase
Ec Number:	2.5.1.81

Geranylfarnesyl diphosphate synthase (FGPP synthase, (all-E) geranylfarnesyl diphosphate synthase, GFPS, Fgs) is an enzyme with systematic name geranylgeranyl-diphosphate:isopentenyl-diphosphate transtransferase (adding 1 isopentenyl unit).^{[1] [2] [3] [4]} This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

\rightleftharpoons (2E,6E,10E,14E)-geranylfarnesyl diphosphate + diphosphate

The enzyme from Methanosarcina mazei is involved in biosynthesis of the polyprenyl side-chain of methanophenazine.

Notes and References

1. Ogawa T, Yoshimura T, Hemmi H . Geranylfarnesyl diphosphate synthase from Methanosarcina mazei: Different role, different evolution . Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications . 393 . 1 . 16–20 . February 2010 . 20097171 . 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.01.063 .
2. Tachibana A, Yano Y, Otani S, Nomura N, Sako Y, Taniguchi M . Novel prenyltransferase gene encoding farnesylgeranyl diphosphate synthase from a hyperthermophilic archaeon, Aeropyrum pernix. Molecularevolution with alteration in product specificity . European Journal of Biochemistry . 267 . 2 . 321–8 . January 2000 . 10632701 . 10.1046/j.1432-1327.2000.00967.x . free .
3. Tachibana A . A novel prenyltransferase, farnesylgeranyl diphosphate synthase, from the haloalkaliphilic archaeon, Natronobacterium pharaonis . FEBS Letters . 341 . 2-3 . 291–4 . March 1994 . 8137956 . 10.1016/0014-5793(94)80475-3 .
4. Lee PC, Mijts BN, Petri R, Watts KT, Schmidt-Dannert C . Alteration of product specificity of Aeropyrum pernix farnesylgeranyl diphosphate synthase (Fgs) by directed evolution . Protein Engineering, Design & Selection . 17 . 11 . 771–7 . November 2004 . 15548566 . 10.1093/protein/gzh089 . free .