Genista Explained

Genista [1] is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family Fabaceae, native to open habitats such as moorland and pasture in Europe and western Asia. They include species commonly called broom, though the term may also refer to other genera, including Cytisus and Chamaecytisus. Brooms in other genera are sometimes considered synonymous with Genista: Echinospartum, Retama, Spartium, Stauracanthus, and Ulex.

Description

They are mainly deciduous shrubs and trees, often with brush-like foliage, often spiny to deter grazing, and masses of small, pea-like yellow blooms which are sometimes fragrant.[2] Many of the species have flowers that open explosively when alighted on by an insect, the style flying through the upper seam of the keel and striking the underside of the insect, followed by a shower of pollen that coats the insect.[3]

The name of the Plantagenet royal line, which reigned in England from 1154 to 1485, is derived from this genus, being a dialectal variation of planta genista.[4]

Several species are widely cultivated for their often sweet-smelling, abundant blooms early in the season, though many are not fully hardy. The cultivar 'Porlock' has received the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[5]

Species

144 species are currently accepted. Genista includes the following species:[6] [7] [8]

Species names with uncertain taxonomic status

The status of the following species is unresolved:

Hybrids

The following hybrids have been described:

Notes and References

  1. Book: Sunset editors . Sunset Western Garden Book, Revised and Updated Version . 1995 . Leisure Arts . Little Rock, Arkansas . 978-0376038517 . 624 .
  2. Book: Brickell C. . A–Z encyclopedia of garden plants . 2008 . Dorling Kindersley in association with the Royal Horticultural Society . United Kingdom . 978-1405332965 . 1136 .
  3. Book: Willis JC . A Dictionary of the Flowering Plants and Ferns . 8th . 1985 . . Cambridge, England . 978-0521313957 . 1294 .
  4. Book: Roupell A. . 1849 . Plate IV. Liparia spherica . http://botanicus.org/page/1591665 . Specimens of the Flora of South Africa by a Lady . London, England . W. Nicol, Shakespeare Press . 17 . 228733208 .
  5. Web site: Genista 'Porlock' . RHS . 9 July 2020.
  6. Web site: ILDIS LegumeWeb entry for Genista . . International Legume Database & Information Service . Cardiff School of Computer Science & Informatics . 11 April 2014 .
  7. Web site: GRIN species records of Genista . USDA . USDA . ARS . Agricultural Research Service . National Genetic Resources Program . Germplasm Resources Information Network—(GRIN) [Online Database] . National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland . 11 April 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150924121921/http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/splist.pl?4898 . 24 September 2015 . dead .
  8. Web site: The Plant List entry for Genista . 2013 . . . 11 April 2014 .
  9. Some sources treat Genista sibirica as a synonym of Genista tinctoria.
  10. Some sources treat Genista spachiana as a synonym of Genista stenopetala.
  11. Some sources treat Genista splendens as a synonym of Teline linifolia.