FXR2 explained

Fragile X mental retardation syndrome-related protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FXR2 gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

Function

The protein encoded by this gene is an RNA binding protein containing two KH domains and one RCG box, which is similar to FMRP and FXR1. It associates with polyribosomes, predominantly with 60S large ribosomal subunits. This encoded protein may self-associate or interact with FMRP and FXR1. It may have a role in the development of fragile X mental retardation syndrome.

Interactions

FXR2 has been shown to interact with:

• CYFIP2,^[4]
• FMR1,^{[1] [5]}
• FXR1,^[6] and
• LCMT1.^[7]

Further reading

• Siomi MC, Zhang Y, Siomi H, Dreyfuss G . Specific sequences in the fragile X syndrome protein FMR1 and the FXR proteins mediate their binding to 60S ribosomal subunits and the interactions among them . Molecular and Cellular Biology . 16 . 7 . 3825–32 . Jul 1996 . 8668200 . 231379 . 10.1128/mcb.16.7.3825.
• Joseph DR . The rat androgen-binding protein (ABP/SHBG) gene contains triplet repeats similar to unstable triplets: evidence that the ABP/SHBG and the fragile X-related 2 genes overlap . Steroids . 63 . 1 . 2–4 . Jan 1998 . 9437788 . 10.1016/S0039-128X(97)00087-1 . 12825993 .
• Tamanini F, Bontekoe C, Bakker CE, van Unen L, Anar B, Willemsen R, Yoshida M, Galjaard H, Oostra BA, Hoogeveen AT . Different targets for the fragile X-related proteins revealed by their distinct nuclear localizations . Human Molecular Genetics . 8 . 5 . 863–9 . May 1999 . 10196376 . 10.1093/hmg/8.5.863 . free . 1765/9073 . free .
• Bardoni B, Schenck A, Mandel JL . A novel RNA-binding nuclear protein that interacts with the fragile X mental retardation (FMR1) protein . Human Molecular Genetics . 8 . 13 . 2557–66 . Dec 1999 . 10556305 . 10.1093/hmg/8.13.2557 . free .
• Ceman S, Brown V, Warren ST . Isolation of an FMRP-associated messenger ribonucleoprotein particle and identification of nucleolin and the fragile X-related proteins as components of the complex . Molecular and Cellular Biology . 19 . 12 . 7925–32 . Dec 1999 . 10567518 . 84877 . 10.1128/mcb.19.12.7925.
• Cousin P, Billotte J, Chaubert P, Shaw P . Physical map of 17p13 and the genes adjacent to p53 . Genomics . 63 . 1 . 60–8 . Jan 2000 . 10662545 . 10.1006/geno.1999.6062 .
• Tamanini F, Kirkpatrick LL, Schonkeren J, van Unen L, Bontekoe C, Bakker C, Nelson DL, Galjaard H, Oostra BA, Hoogeveen AT . The fragile X-related proteins FXR1P and FXR2P contain a functional nucleolar-targeting signal equivalent to the HIV-1 regulatory proteins . Human Molecular Genetics . 9 . 10 . 1487–93 . Jun 2000 . 10888599 . 10.1093/hmg/9.10.1487 . free . 1765/9408 . free .
• Schenck A, Bardoni B, Moro A, Bagni C, Mandel JL . A highly conserved protein family interacting with the fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) and displaying selective interactions with FMRP-related proteins FXR1P and FXR2P . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 98 . 15 . 8844–9 . Jul 2001 . 11438699 . 37523 . 10.1073/pnas.151231598 . 2001PNAS...98.8844S . free .
• Brill LM, Salomon AR, Ficarro SB, Mukherji M, Stettler-Gill M, Peters EC . Robust phosphoproteomic profiling of tyrosine phosphorylation sites from human T cells using immobilized metal affinity chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry . Analytical Chemistry . 76 . 10 . 2763–72 . May 2004 . 15144186 . 10.1021/ac035352d .
• Rush J, Moritz A, Lee KA, Guo A, Goss VL, Spek EJ, Zhang H, Zha XM, Polakiewicz RD, Comb MJ . Immunoaffinity profiling of tyrosine phosphorylation in cancer cells . Nature Biotechnology . 23 . 1 . 94–101 . Jan 2005 . 15592455 . 10.1038/nbt1046 . 7200157 .
• Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, Hirozane-Kishikawa T, Dricot A, Li N, Berriz GF, Gibbons FD, Dreze M, Ayivi-Guedehoussou N, Klitgord N, Simon C, Boxem M, Milstein S, Rosenberg J, Goldberg DS, Zhang LV, Wong SL, Franklin G, Li S, Albala JS, Lim J, Fraughton C, Llamosas E, Cevik S, Bex C, Lamesch P, Sikorski RS, Vandenhaute J, Zoghbi HY, Smolyar A, Bosak S, Sequerra R, Doucette-Stamm L, Cusick ME, Hill DE, Roth FP, Vidal M . Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network . Nature . 437 . 7062 . 1173–8 . Oct 2005 . 16189514 . 10.1038/nature04209 . 2005Natur.437.1173R . 4427026 .
• Lim J, Hao T, Shaw C, Patel AJ, Szabó G, Rual JF, Fisk CJ, Li N, Smolyar A, Hill DE, Barabási AL, Vidal M, Zoghbi HY . A protein-protein interaction network for human inherited ataxias and disorders of Purkinje cell degeneration . Cell . 125 . 4 . 801–14 . May 2006 . 16713569 . 10.1016/j.cell.2006.03.032 . free .
• Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F, Macek B, Kumar C, Mortensen P, Mann M . Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks . Cell . 127 . 3 . 635–48 . Nov 2006 . 17081983 . 10.1016/j.cell.2006.09.026 . free .
• Ewing RM, Chu P, Elisma F, Li H, Taylor P, Climie S, McBroom-Cerajewski L, Robinson MD, O'Connor L, Li M, Taylor R, Dharsee M, Ho Y, Heilbut A, Moore L, Zhang S, Ornatsky O, Bukhman YV, Ethier M, Sheng Y, Vasilescu J, Abu-Farha M, Lambert JP, Duewel HS, Stewart II, Kuehl B, Hogue K, Colwill K, Gladwish K, Muskat B, Kinach R, Adams SL, Moran MF, Morin GB, Topaloglou T, Figeys D . Large-scale mapping of human protein-protein interactions by mass spectrometry . Molecular Systems Biology . 3 . 1 . 89 . 2007 . 17353931 . 1847948 . 10.1038/msb4100134 .

Notes and References

1. Zhang Y, O'Connor JP, Siomi MC, Srinivasan S, Dutra A, Nussbaum RL, Dreyfuss G . The fragile X mental retardation syndrome protein interacts with novel homologs FXR1 and FXR2 . The EMBO Journal . 14 . 21 . 5358–66 . Nov 1995 . 7489725 . 394645 . 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1995.tb00220.x.
2. Tamanini F, Willemsen R, van Unen L, Bontekoe C, Galjaard H, Oostra BA, Hoogeveen AT . Differential expression of FMR1, FXR1 and FXR2 proteins in human brain and testis . Human Molecular Genetics . 6 . 8 . 1315–22 . Aug 1997 . 9259278 . 10.1093/hmg/6.8.1315 . free . 1765/8709 . free .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: FXR2 fragile X mental retardation, autosomal homolog 2.
4. Schenck A, Bardoni B, Moro A, Bagni C, Mandel JL . A highly conserved protein family interacting with the fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) and displaying selective interactions with FMRP-related proteins FXR1P and FXR2P . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 98 . 15 . 8844–9 . Jul 2001 . 11438699 . 37523 . 10.1073/pnas.151231598 . 2001PNAS...98.8844S . free .
5. Ceman S, Brown V, Warren ST . Isolation of an FMRP-associated messenger ribonucleoprotein particle and identification of nucleolin and the fragile X-related proteins as components of the complex . Molecular and Cellular Biology . 19 . 12 . 7925–32 . Dec 1999 . 10567518 . 84877 . 10.1128/mcb.19.12.7925.
6. Siomi MC, Zhang Y, Siomi H, Dreyfuss G . Specific sequences in the fragile X syndrome protein FMR1 and the FXR proteins mediate their binding to 60S ribosomal subunits and the interactions among them . Molecular and Cellular Biology . 16 . 7 . 3825–32 . Jul 1996 . 8668200 . 231379 . 10.1128/mcb.16.7.3825.
7. Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, Hirozane-Kishikawa T, Dricot A, Li N, Berriz GF, Gibbons FD, Dreze M, Ayivi-Guedehoussou N, Klitgord N, Simon C, Boxem M, Milstein S, Rosenberg J, Goldberg DS, Zhang LV, Wong SL, Franklin G, Li S, Albala JS, Lim J, Fraughton C, Llamosas E, Cevik S, Bex C, Lamesch P, Sikorski RS, Vandenhaute J, Zoghbi HY, Smolyar A, Bosak S, Sequerra R, Doucette-Stamm L, Cusick ME, Hill DE, Roth FP, Vidal M . Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network. Huda Zoghbi . Nature . 437 . 7062 . 1173–8 . Oct 2005 . 16189514 . 10.1038/nature04209 . 2005Natur.437.1173R. 4427026.