Imagedate: | 1877 |
Number: | 47th |
Start: | March 4, 1881 |
End: | March 4, 1883 |
Vp: | Chester A. Arthur (R) (until September 19, 1881) Vacant (from September 19, 1881) |
Pro Tem: | Thomas F. Bayard (D) David Davis (I) George F. Edmunds (R) |
Speaker: | J. Warren Keifer (R) |
Senators: | 76 |
Reps: | 293 |
Delegates: | 8 |
S-Majority: | Split |
H-Majority: | Republican |
Sessionnumber1: | Special |
Sessionstart1: | March 4, 1881 |
Sessionend1: | May 20, 1881 |
Sessionnumber2: | Special |
Sessionstart2: | October 10, 1881 |
Sessionend2: | October 29, 1881 |
Sessionnumber3: | 1st |
Sessionstart3: | December 5, 1881 |
Sessionend3: | August 8, 1882 |
Sessionnumber4: | 2nd |
Sessionstart4: | December 4, 1882 |
Sessionend4: | March 3, 1883 |
Previous: | 46th |
Next: | 48th |
The 47th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1881, to March 4, 1883, during the six months of James Garfield's presidency, and the first year and a half of Chester Arthur's presidency. The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the 1870 United States census. The House had a Republican majority; the Senate was evenly divided for the first time ever, with no vice president to break ties for most of this term.[1]
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.
Party (Shading indicates party control) | Total | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic (D) | Independent (I) | Readjuster (RA) | Republican (R) | Vacant | ||||||
nowrap style="font-size:80%" | End of previous Congress | 42 | 1 | 0 | 32 | 75 | 1 | |||
nowrap style="font-size:80%" | Begin | 37 | 1 | 1 | 36 | 75 | 1 | |||
nowrap style="font-size:80%" | March 5, 1881 | 35 | 74 | 2 | ||||||
nowrap style="font-size:80%" | March 7, 1881 | 33 | 72 | 4 | ||||||
nowrap style="font-size:80%" | March 8, 1881 | 34 | 73 | 3 | ||||||
nowrap style="font-size:80%" | March 12, 1881 | 35 | 74 | 2 | ||||||
nowrap style="font-size:80%" | March 14, 1881 | 36 | 75 | 1 | ||||||
nowrap style="font-size:80%" | March 18, 1881 | 37 | 1 | 1 | 37 | 76 | 0 | |||
nowrap style="font-size:80%" | May 16, 1881 | 37 | 1 | 1 | 35 | 74 | 2 | |||
nowrap style="font-size:80%" | July 27, 1881 | 36 | 75 | 1 | ||||||
nowrap style="font-size:80%" | August 2, 1881 | 37 | 1 | 1 | 37 | 76 | 0 | |||
nowrap style="font-size:80%" | September 13, 1881 | 36 | 75 | 1 | ||||||
nowrap style="font-size:80%" | October 5, 1881 | 1 | 37 | 76 | 0 | |||||
nowrap style="font-size:80%" | November 15, 1881 | |||||||||
nowrap style="font-size:80%" | April 17, 1882 | |||||||||
nowrap style="font-size:80%" | August 16, 1882 | 36 | 75 | 1 | ||||||
nowrap style="font-size:80%" | November 15, 1882 | 37 | 76 | 0 | ||||||
nowrap style="font-size:80%" | January 27, 1883 | |||||||||
Final voting share | 48.7% | 1.3% | 1.3% | 48.7% | ||||||
nowrap style="font-size:80%" | Beginning of the next Congress | 36 | 0 | 2 | 38 | 76 | 0 |
Party (Shading indicates party control) | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic (D) | Independent Democrat (ID) | Independent (I) | Greenback (GB) | Independent Republican (IR) | Republican (R) | Vacant | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
nowrap style="font-size:80%" | End of previous Congress | 146 | 4 | 1 | 11 | 0 | 129 | 291 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
nowrap style="font-size:80%" | Begin | 134 | 1 | 1 | 9 | 0 | 146 | 291 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
March 17, 1881 | 145 | 290 | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
March 21, 1881 | 144 | 289 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
April 5, 1881 | 145 | 290 | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
April 26, 1881 | 133 | 289 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
June 9, 1881 | 134 | 290 | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
July 26, 1881 | 144 | 289 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
July 29, 1881 | 143 | 288 | 5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
September 12, 1881 | 144 | 289 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
October 5, 1881 | 143 | 288 | 5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
November 8, 1881 | 135 | 145 | 291 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
December 5, 1881 | 136 | 146 | 293 | 0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
April 8, 1882 | 135 | 292 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
April 29, 1882 | 134 | 147 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
May 31, 1882 | 133 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
June 1, 1882 | 132 | 148 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
June 3, 1882 | 131 | 10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
June 29, 1882 | 147 | 291 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
July 19, 1882 | 130 | 148 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
July 20, 1882 | 129 | 290 | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
October 12, 1882 | 9 | 289 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
November 4, 1882 | 128 | 288 | 5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
November 7, 1882 | 129 | 149 | 290 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
November 30, 1882 | 148 | 289 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
December 4, 1882 | 130 | 290 | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
December 15, 1882 | 149 | 291 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
December 16, 1882 | 148 | 290 | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
January 2, 1883 | 149 | 291 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
January 15, 1883 | 131 | 292 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
January 17, 1883 | 150 | 293 | 0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
January 18, 1883 | 130 | 292 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
March 2, 1883 | 129 | 151 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
March 3, 1883 | 130 | 150 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Final voting share | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Beginning of the next Congress | 196 | 3 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 117 | 325 | 1 |
See main article: 1881 in the United States, 1882 in the United States and 1883 in the United States.
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district.
Skip to House of Representatives, below
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election.
2. John T. Morgan (D)
3. James L. Pugh (D)
2. Augustus H. Garland (D)
3. James D. Walker (D)
1. John F. Miller (R)
3. James T. Farley (D)
2. Henry M. Teller (R), until April 17, 1882
George M. Chilcott (R), April 17, 1882 - January 27, 1883
Horace A. W. Tabor (R), from January 27, 1883
3. Nathaniel P. Hill (R)
1. Joseph R. Hawley (R)
3. Orville H. Platt (R)
1. Thomas F. Bayard Sr. (D)
2. Eli Saulsbury (D)
1. Charles W. Jones (D)
3. Wilkinson Call (D)
2. Benjamin H. Hill (D), until August 16, 1882
M. Pope Barrow (D), from November 15, 1882
3. Joseph E. Brown (D)
2. David Davis (I)
3. John A. Logan (R)
1. Benjamin Harrison (R)
3. Daniel W. Voorhees (D)
2. Samuel J. Kirkwood (R), until March 7, 1881
James W. McDill (R), from March 8, 1881
3. William B. Allison (R)
2. Preston B. Plumb (R)
3. John J. Ingalls (R)
2. James B. Beck (D)
3. John S. Williams (D)
2. William Pitt Kellogg (R)
3. Benjamin F. Jonas (D)
1. Eugene Hale (R)
2. James G. Blaine (R), until March 5, 1881
William P. Frye (R), from March 15, 1881
1. Arthur Pue Gorman (D)
3. James B. Groome (D)
1. Henry L. Dawes (R)
2. George F. Hoar (R)
1. Omar D. Conger (R)
2. Thomas W. Ferry (R)
1. Samuel J. R. McMillan (R)
2. William Windom (R),until March 7, 1881
Alonzo J. Edgerton (R), March 12, 1881 – October 30, 1881
William Windom (R), from November 15, 1881
1. James Z. George (D)
2. Lucius Q. C. Lamar (D)
1. Francis M. Cockrell (D)
3. George G. Vest (D)
1. Charles H. Van Wyck (R)
2. Alvin Saunders (R)
1. James G. Fair (D)
3. John P. Jones (R)
2. Edward H. Rollins (R)
3. Henry W. Blair (R)
1. William J. Sewell (R)
2. John R. McPherson (D)
1. Thomas C. Platt (R), until May 16, 1881
Warner Miller (R), from July 27, 1881
3. Roscoe Conkling (R), until May 16, 1881
Elbridge G. Lapham (R), from July 29, 1881
2. Matt W. Ransom (D)
3. Zebulon B. Vance (D)
1. John Sherman (R)
3. George H. Pendleton (D)
2. La Fayette Grover (D)
3. James H. Slater (D)
1. John I. Mitchell (R)
3. J. Donald Cameron (R)
1. Ambrose E. Burnside (R), until September 13, 1881
Nelson W. Aldrich (R), from October 5, 1881
2. Henry B. Anthony (R)
2. Matthew C. Butler (D)
3. Wade Hampton III (D)
1. Howell E. Jackson (D)
2. Isham G. Harris (D)
1. Samuel B. Maxey (D)
2. Richard Coke (D)
1. George F. Edmunds (R)
3. Justin S. Morrill (R)
1. William Mahone (RA)
2. John W. Johnston (D)
1. Johnson N. Camden (D)
2. Henry G. Davis (D)
1. Philetus Sawyer (R)
3. Angus Cameron (R), from March 14, 1881
Members' names are preceded by their district numbers.
. Thomas H. Herndon (D)
. Hilary A. Herbert (D)
. William C. Oates (D)
. Charles M. Shelley (D), until July 20, 1882
Charles M. Shelley (D), from November 7, 1882
. Thomas Williams (D)
. Goldsmith W. Hewitt (D)
. William H. Forney (D)
. Joseph Wheeler (D), until June 3, 1882
William M. Lowe (GB), June 3, 1882 – October 12, 1882
Joseph Wheeler (D), from January 15, 1883
. Poindexter Dunn (D)
. James K. Jones (D)
. Jordan E. Cravens (D)
. Thomas M. Gunter (D)
. William S. Rosecrans (D)
. Horace F. Page (R)
. Campbell P. Berry (D)
. Romualdo Pacheco (R)
. James B. Belford (R)
. John R. Buck (R)
. James Phelps (D)
. John T. Wait (R)
. Frederick Miles (R)
. Edward L. Martin (D)
. Robert H. M. Davidson (D)
. Jesse J. Finley (D), until June 1, 1882
Horatio Bisbee Jr. (R), from June 1, 1882
. George R. Black (D)
. Henry G. Turner (D)
. Philip Cook (D)
. Hugh Buchanan (D)
. Nathaniel J. Hammond (D)
. James H. Blount (D)
. Judson C. Clements (D)
. Alexander H. Stephens (D), until November 4, 1882
Seaborn Reese (D), from December 4, 1882
. Emory Speer (ID)
. William Aldrich (R)
. George R. Davis (R)
. Charles B. Farwell (R)
. John C. Sherwin (R)
. Robert M. A. Hawk (R), until June 29, 1882
Robert R. Hitt (R), from December 4, 1882
. Thomas J. Henderson (R)
. William Cullen (R)
. Lewis E. Payson (R)
. John H. Lewis (R)
. Benjamin F. Marsh (R)
. James W. Singleton (D)
. William M. Springer (D)
. Dietrich C. Smith (R)
. Joseph G. Cannon (R)
. Samuel W. Moulton (D)
. William A. J. Sparks (D)
. William R. Morrison (D)
. John R. Thomas (R)
. Richard W. Townshend (D)
. William Heilman (R)
. Thomas R. Cobb (D)
. Strother M. Stockslager (D)
. William S. Holman (D)
. Courtland C. Matson (D)
. Thomas M. Browne (R)
. Stanton J. Peelle (R)
. Robert B. F. Peirce (R)
. Godlove S. Orth (R), until December 16, 1882
Charles T. Doxey (R), from January 17, 1883
. Mark L. De Motte (R)
. George W. Steele (R)
. Walpole G. Colerick (D)
. William H. Calkins (R)
. Moses A. McCoid (R)
. Sewall S. Farwell (R)
. Thomas Updegraff (R)
. Nathaniel C. Deering (R)
. William G. Thompson (R)
. Marsena E. Cutts (R), until March 3, 1883
John C. Cook (D), from March 3, 1883
. John A. Kasson (R)
. William P. Hepburn (R)
. Cyrus C. Carpenter (R)
. John A. Anderson (R)
. Dudley C. Haskell (R)
. Thomas Ryan (R)
. Oscar Turner (D)
. James A. McKenzie (D)
. John William Caldwell (D)
. J. Proctor Knott (D)
. Albert S. Willis (D)
. John G. Carlisle (D)
. Joseph C. S. Blackburn (D)
. Philip B. Thompson Jr. (D)
. John D. White (R)
. Elijah C. Phister (D)
. Randall L. Gibson (D)
. E. John Ellis (D)
. Chester B. Darrall (R)
. Newton C. Blanchard (D)
. J. Floyd King (D)
. Edward W. Robertson (D)
. Thomas B. Reed (R)
. William P. Frye (R), until March 17, 1881
Nelson Dingley Jr. (R) from September 12, 1881
. Stephen D. Lindsey (R)
. George W. Ladd (GB)
. Thompson H. Murch (GB)
. George W. Covington (D)
. J. Frederick C. Talbott (D)
. Fetter S. Hoblitzell (D)
. Robert M. McLane (D)
. Andrew G. Chapman (D)
. Milton G. Urner (R)
. William W. Crapo (R)
. Benjamin W. Harris (R)
. Ambrose A. Ranney (R)
. Leopold Morse (D)
. Selwyn Z. Bowman (R)
. Eben F. Stone (R)
. William A. Russell (R)
. John W. Candler (R)
. William W. Rice (R)
. Amasa Norcross (R)
. George D. Robinson (R)
. Henry W. Lord (R)
. Edwin Willits (R)
. Edward S. Lacey (R)
. Julius C. Burrows (R)
. George W. Webber (R)
. Oliver L. Spaulding (R)
. John T. Rich (R), from April 5, 1881
. Roswell G. Horr (R)
. Jay A. Hubbell (R)
. Mark H. Dunnell (R)
. Horace B. Strait (R)
. William D. Washburn (R)
. Henry L. Muldrow (D)
. Vannoy H. Manning (D)
. Hernando Money (D)
. Otho R. Singleton (D)
. Charles E. Hooker (D)
. James R. Chalmers (D), until April 29, 1882
John R. Lynch (R), from April 29, 1882
. Martin L. Clardy (D)
. Thomas Allen (D), until April 8, 1882
James Henry McLean (R), from December 15, 1882
. Richard G. Frost (D), until March 2, 1883
Gustavus Sessinghaus (R), from March 2, 1883
. Lowndes H. Davis (D)
. Richard P. Bland (D)
. Ira Haseltine (GB)
. Theron M. Rice (GB)
. Robert T. Van Horn (R)
. Nicholas Ford (GB)
. Joseph H. Burrows (GB)
. John B. Clark Jr. (D)
. William H. Hatch (D)
. Aylett H. Buckner (D)
. Edward K. Valentine (R)
. George W. Cassidy (D)
. Joshua G. Hall (R)
. James F. Briggs (R)
. Ossian Ray (R)
. George M. Robeson (R)
. J. Hart Brewer (R)
. Miles Ross (D)
. Henry S. Harris (D)
. John Hill (R)
. Phineas Jones (R)
. Augustus A. Hardenbergh (D)
. Perry Belmont (D)
. William E. Robinson (D)
. J. Hyatt Smith (I)
. Archibald M. Bliss (D)
. Benjamin Wood (D)
. Samuel S. Cox (D)
. P. Henry Dugro (D)
. Anson G. McCook (R)
. John Hardy (D), from December 5, 1881
. Abram S. Hewitt (D)
. Levi P. Morton (R), until March 21, 1881
Roswell P. Flower (D), from November 8, 1881
. Waldo Hutchins (D)
. John H. Ketcham (R)
. Lewis Beach (D)
. Thomas Cornell (R)
. Michael N. Nolan (D)
. Walter A. Wood (R)
. John Hammond (R)
. Abraham X. Parker (R)
. George West (R)
. Ferris Jacobs Jr. (R)
. Warner Miller (R), until July 26, 1881
Charles R. Skinner (R) from November 18, 1881
. Cyrus D. Prescott (R)
. Joseph Mason (R)
. Frank Hiscock (R)
. John H. Camp (R)
. Elbridge G. Lapham (R), until July 29, 1881
James W. Wadsworth (R), from November 8, 1881
. Jeremiah W. Dwight (R)
. David P. Richardson (R)
. John Van Voorhis (R)
. Richard Crowley (R)
. Jonathan Scoville (D)
. Henry H. Van Aernam (R)
. Louis C. Latham (D)
. Orlando Hubbs (R)
. John W. Shackelford (D), until January 18, 1883
. William Ruffin Cox (D)
. Alfred M. Scales (D)
. Clement Dowd (D)
. Robert F. Armfield (D)
. Robert B. Vance (D)
. Benjamin Butterworth (R)
. Thomas L. Young (R)
. Henry L. Morey (R)
. Emanuel Shultz (R)
. Benjamin Le Fevre (D)
. James M. Ritchie (R)
. John P. Leedom (D)
. J. Warren Keifer (R)
. James S. Robinson (R)
. John B. Rice (R)
. Henry S. Neal (R)
. George L. Converse (D)
. Gibson Atherton (D)
. George W. Geddes (D)
. Rufus R. Dawes (R)
. Jonathan T. Updegraff (R), until November 30, 1882
Joseph D. Taylor (R), from January 2, 1883
. William McKinley (R)
. Addison S. McClure (R)
. Ezra B. Taylor (R)
. Amos Townsend (R)
. Melvin C. George (R)
. Henry H. Bingham (R)
. Charles O'Neill (R)
. Samuel J. Randall (D)
. William D. Kelley (R)
. Alfred C. Harmer (R)
. William Ward (R)
. William Godshalk (R)
. Daniel Ermentrout (D)
. A. Herr Smith (R)
. William Mutchler (D)
. Robert Klotz (D)
. Joseph A. Scranton (R)
. Charles N. Brumm (GB)
. Samuel F. Barr (R)
. Cornelius C. Jadwin (R)
. Robert J. C. Walker (R)
. Jacob M. Campbell (R)
. Horatio G. Fisher (R)
. Frank E. Beltzhoover (D)
. Andrew G. Curtin (D)
. Morgan R. Wise (D)
. Russell Errett (R)
. Thomas M. Bayne (R)
. William S. Shallenberger (R)
. James Mosgrove (GB)
. Samuel H. Miller (R)
. Lewis F. Watson (R)
. Nelson W. Aldrich (R), until October 4, 1881
Henry J. Spooner (R), from December 5, 1881
. Jonathan Chace (R)
. John S. Richardson (D)
. Michael P. O'Connor (D), until April 26, 1881
Samuel Dibble (D), June 9, 1881 – May 31, 1882
Edmund W. M. Mackey (IR), from May 31, 1882
. D. Wyatt Aiken (D)
. John H. Evins (D)
. George D. Tillman (D), until June 19, 1882
Robert Smalls (R), from July 19, 1882
. Augustus H. Pettibone (R)
. Leonidas C. Houk (R)
. George G. Dibrell (D)
. Benton McMillin (D)
. Richard Warner (D)
. John F. House (D)
. Washington C. Whitthorne (D)
. John D. C. Atkins (D)
. Charles B. Simonton (D)
. William R. Moore (R)
. John H. Reagan (D)
. David B. Culberson (D)
. Olin Wellborn (D)
. Roger Q. Mills (D)
. George W. Jones (GB)
. Christopher C. Upson (D)
. Charles H. Joyce (R)
. James M. Tyler (R)
. William W. Grout (R)
. George T. Garrison (D)
. John F. Dezendorf (R)
. George D. Wise (D)
. Joseph Jorgensen (R)
. George Cabell (D)
. John R. Tucker (D)
. John Paul (D)
. John S. Barbour Jr. (D)
. Abram Fulkerson (D)
. Benjamin Wilson (D)
. John B. Hoge (D)
. John E. Kenna (D)
. Charles G. Williams (R)
. Lucien B. Caswell (R)
. George C. Hazelton (R)
. Peter V. Deuster (D)
. Edward S. Bragg (D)
. Richard W. Guenther (R)
. Herman L. Humphrey (R)
. Thaddeus C. Pound (R)
. Granville H. Oury (D)
. Richard F. Pettigrew (R)
. George Ainslie (D)
. Martin Maginnis (D)
. Tranqulino Luna (R)
. John T. Caine (D)
. Thomas H. Brents (R)
. Morton E. Post (D)
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of this Congress.
See also: List of special elections to the United States Senate.
|-| Wisconsin (3)| Vacant| Senator Matthew H. Carpenter died in the previous congress.
Successor elected March 14, 1881.| nowrap | Angus Cameron (R)| March 14, 1881
|-| Maine (2)| nowrap | James G. Blaine (R)| Resigned March 5, 1881, to become U.S. Secretary of State.
Successor elected March 18, 1881.| nowrap | William P. Frye (R)| March 18, 1881
|-| Iowa (2)| nowrap | Samuel J. Kirkwood (R)| Resigned March 7, 1881, to become U.S. Secretary of the Interior.
Successor appointed March 8, 1881, to continue the term.
Appointee elected January 25, 1882, to finish the term.| nowrap | James W. McDill (R)| March 8, 1881
|-| Minnesota (2)| nowrap | William Windom (R)| Resigned March 7, 1881, to become U.S. Secretary of the Treasury.
Successor appointed March 12, 1881, to continue the term.| nowrap | Alonzo J. Edgerton (R)| March 12, 1881
|-| New York (1)| nowrap | Thomas C. Platt (R)| Resigned May 16, 1881, as a protest against federal appointments made in New York.
Successor elected October 11, 1881.| nowrap | Warner Miller (R)| July 27, 1881
|-| New York (3)| nowrap | Roscoe Conkling (R)| Resigned May 16, 1881, as a protest against federal appointments made in New York.
Successor elected October 11, 1881.| nowrap | Elbridge G. Lapham (R)| August 2, 1881
|-| Rhode Island (1)| nowrap | Ambrose Burnside (R)| Died September 13, 1881.
Successor elected October 5, 1881.| nowrap | Nelson W. Aldrich (R)| October 5, 1881
|-| Minnesota (2)| nowrap | Alonzo J. Edgerton (R)| Interim appointee replaced by successor elected October 30, 1881.| nowrap | William Windom (R)| November 15, 1881
|-| Colorado (2)| nowrap | Henry M. Teller (R)| Resigned April 17, 1882, to become U.S. Secretary of the Interior.
Successor appointed April 17, 1882.| nowrap | George M. Chilcott (R)| April 17, 1882
|-| Georgia (2)| nowrap | Benjamin H. Hill (D)| Died August 16, 1882.
Successor elected November 15, 1882.| nowrap | M. Pope Barrow (D)| November 15, 1882
|-| Colorado (2)| nowrap | George M. Chilcott (R)| Interim appointee replaced by successor elected January 27, 1883.| nowrap | Horace Tabor (R)| January 27, 1883|}
See also: List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives.
|-| | Vacant| Rep. Omar D. Conger resigned during previous congress| nowrap | John T. Rich (R)| April 5, 1881
|-| | Vacant| Rep. Fernando Wood elected but died before Congress convened| nowrap | John Hardy (D)| December 5, 1881
|-| | nowrap | William P. Frye (R)| Resigned March 17, 1881 when elected U.S. Senator.| nowrap | Nelson Dingley Jr. (R)| September 12, 1881
|-| | nowrap | Levi P. Morton (R)| Resigned March 21, 1881 to become U.S. Minister to France.| nowrap | Roswell P. Flower (D)| November 8, 1881
|-| | nowrap | Michael P. O'Connor (D)| Died April 26, 1881, during a contested election. Dibble presented credentials to replace him due to his death.| nowrap | Samuel Dibble (D)| June 9, 1881
|-| | nowrap | Warner Miller (R)| Resigned July 26, 1881 when elected U.S. Senator.| nowrap | Charles R. Skinner (R)| November 8, 1881
|-| | nowrap | Elbridge G. Lapham (R)| Resigned July 29, 1881 when elected U.S. Senator.| nowrap | James W. Wadsworth (R)| November 8, 1881
|-| | nowrap | Nelson W. Aldrich (R)| Resigned October 5, 1881 when elected U.S. Senator.
Successor elected November 22, 1881.| nowrap | Henry J. Spooner (R)| December 5, 1881
|-| | nowrap | Thomas Allen (D)| Died April 8, 1882| nowrap | James H. McLean (R)| December 15, 1882
|-| | nowrap | James R. Chalmers (D)| Lost contested election April 29, 1882| nowrap | John R. Lynch (R)| April 29, 1882
|-| | nowrap | Samuel Dibble (D)| Lost contested election May 31, 1882, during an election originally contested with Michael P. O'Connor. Dibble presented credentials to replace him until Mackey was determined to be the victor under terms of the original election.| nowrap | Edmund W. M. Mackey (IR)| May 31, 1882
|-| | nowrap | Jesse J. Finley (D)| Lost contested election June 1, 1882| nowrap | Horatio Bisbee Jr. (R)| June 1, 1882
|-| | nowrap | Joseph Wheeler (D)| Lost contested election June 3, 1882| nowrap | William M. Lowe (GB)| June 3, 1882
|-| | nowrap | Robert M. A. Hawk (R)| Died June 29, 1882| nowrap | Robert R. Hitt (R)| November 7, 1882
|-| | nowrap | George D. Tillman (D)| Lost contested election July 19, 1882| nowrap | Robert Smalls (R)| July 19, 1882
|-| | nowrap | Charles M. Shelley (D)| Election contested by James Q. Smith.
Seat declared vacant July 20, 1882.
Shelley re-elected to fill seat.| nowrap | Charles M. Shelley (D)| November 7, 1882
|-| | nowrap | William M. Lowe (GB)| Died October 12, 1882| nowrap | Joseph Wheeler (D)| January 15, 1883
|-| | nowrap | Alexander H. Stephens (D)| Resigned November 4, 1882 when elected Governor of Georgia.| nowrap | Seaborn Reese (D)| December 4, 1882
|-| | nowrap | Jonathan T. Updegraff (R)| Died November 30, 1882| nowrap | Joseph D. Taylor (R)| January 2, 1883
|-| | nowrap | Godlove S. Orth (R)| Died December 16, 1882| nowrap | Charles T. Doxey (R)| January 17, 1883
|-| | nowrap | John W. Shackelford (D)| Died January 18, 1883| Vacant| Not filled this term
|-| | nowrap | Richard G. Frost (D)| Lost contested election March 2, 1883| nowrap | Gustavus Sessinghaus (R)| March 2, 1883
|-| | nowrap | Marsena E. Cutts (R)| Lost election contest March 3, 1883| nowrap | John C. Cook (D)| March 3, 1883
|}