Fluoroacetic acid explained

Fluoroacetic acid is a organofluorine compound with the chemical formula . It is a colorless solid that is noted for its relatively high toxicity.[1] The conjugate base, fluoroacetate occurs naturally in at least 40 plants in Australia, Brazil, and Africa. It is one of only five known organofluorine-containing natural products.[2]

Toxicity

Fluoroacetic acid is a harmful metabolite of some fluorine-containing drugs (median lethal dose, LD50 = 10 mg/kg in humans). The most common metabolic sources of fluoroacetic acid are fluoroamines and fluoroethers. Fluoroacetic acid can disrupt the Krebs cycle.[3] The metabolite of fluoroacetic acid is Fluorocitric acid and is very toxic because it is not processable using aconitase in the Krebs cycle (where fluorocitrate takes place of citrate as the substrate). The enzyme is inhibited and the cycle stops working.[4]

In contrast with fluoroacetic acid, difluoroacetic acid and trifluoroacetic acid are far less toxic. Its pKa is 2.66, in contrast to 1.24 and 0.23 for the respective di- and trifluoroacetic acid.

Uses

Fluoroacetic acid is used to manufacture pesticides especially rodenticides (see sodium fluoroacetate). The overall market is projected to rise at a considerable rate during the forecast period, 2021 to 2027.[5]

See also

Notes and References

  1. Book: 10.1016/B978-008043405-6/50040-2. Highly-toxic fluorine compounds. Fluorine Chemistry at the Millennium. 2000. Timperley. Christopher M.. 499–538. 9780080434056.
  2. Book: K.K. Jason Chan. David O'Hagan. 2012. The Rare Fluorinated Natural Products and Biotechnological Prospects for Fluorine Enzymology. Methods in Enzymology. 516. 219–235. 10.1016/B978-0-12-394291-3.00003-4. 9780123942913. 23034231.
  3. Kyzer . Jillian L. . Martens . Marvin . Metabolism and Toxicity of Fluorine Compounds . Chemical Research in Toxicology . 15 March 2021 . 34 . 3 . 678–680 . 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00439. 33513303 . 8023797.
  4. Book: Horák . J. . Linhart . I. . Klusoň . P. . Úvod do toxikologie a ekologie pro chemiky . Czech . 1st . VŠCHT v Praze . Prague . 2004 . 80-7080-548-X.
  5. Web site: Industry Research . Global Fluoroacetic Acid Market Share, Size 2021: Consumption Analysis By Applications, Future Demand, Top Leading Players, Competitive Situation and Emerging Trends, and Forecast to 2027 . MarketWatch . 5 January 2022 . October 25, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20220105024940/https://www.marketwatch.com/press-release/global-fluoroacetic-acid-market-share-size-2021-consumption-analysis-by-applications-future-demand-top-leading-players-competitive-situation-and-emerging-trends-and-forecast-to-2027-2021-10-25. 2022-01-05. dead.

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