Adobe Flash Player Explained

Adobe Flash Player
Logo Size:100
Author:FutureWave
Macromedia
Developer:Adobe
Zhongcheng
Harman
Ver Layout:stacked
Programming Language:ActionScript
Operating System:Windows, macOS, Linux, ChromeOS, Solaris, BlackBerry Tablet OS, Android, Pocket PC
Platform:Web browsers and ActiveX-based software
Language:Afrikaans, Arabic, Chinese Simplified, Chinese Traditional, English, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Telugu, Turkish, Vietnamese, Xhosa, Yiddish, and Zulu[1]
Genre:Runtime system and browser extension
License:Freeware
Website:
  • (EOL, original global variants)
  • (active, Harman enterprise variant)
  • (active, China-specific variant)
Discontinued:no

Adobe Flash Player (known in Internet Explorer, Firefox, and Google Chrome as Shockwave Flash)[2] is a discontinued[3] computer program for viewing multimedia content, executing rich Internet applications, and streaming audio and video content created on the Adobe Flash platform. It can run from a web browser as a browser plug-in or independently on supported devices. Originally created by FutureWave under the name FutureSplash Player, it was renamed to Macromedia Flash Player after Macromedia acquired FutureWave in 1996. After Adobe acquired Macromedia in 2005, it was developed and distributed by Adobe as Adobe Flash Player. It is currently developed and distributed by Zhongcheng for users in China, and by Harman International for enterprise users outside of China, in collaboration with Adobe.

Flash Player runs SWF files that can be created using Adobe Flash Professional, Adobe Flash Builder, or third-party tools such as FlashDevelop. Flash Player supports video and raster graphics; vector graphics; 3D graphics; embedded audio; and an object-oriented scripting language called ActionScript, which is based on ECMAScript (similar to JavaScript). Internet Explorer 11 and Microsoft Edge Legacy since Windows 8, along with Google Chrome on all versions of Windows, came bundled with a sandboxed Adobe Flash Player plug-in.[4] [5] [6] [7] [8]

Flash Player once had a large user base, and was required to run many web games, animations, and graphical user interface (GUI) elements embedded in web pages. Adobe stated in 2013 that more than 400 million, out of over 1 billion connected desktops, updated to new versions of Flash Player within six weeks of release.[9] However, Flash Player became increasingly criticized for poor performance, consumption of battery on mobile devices, the number of security vulnerabilities that had been discovered in the software, and its nature as a closed platform controlled by Adobe. Apple co-founder Steve Jobs was highly critical of Flash Player, having published an open letter criticising the platform and detailing Apple's reasoning for not supporting Flash on its iOS device family. Its usage further waned due to more modern web standards which replaced some of Flash's functionality, reducing the need for third-party plugins.[10] [11] [12]

This led to the eventual deprecation of the platform. Flash Player was officially discontinued on 31 December 2020, and its download page was removed two days later. Since 12 January 2021, Flash Player (original global variants) versions newer than 32.0.0.371, released in May 2020, refuse to play Flash content and instead display a static warning message.[13] The software remains supported in mainland China and in some enterprise variants.[14]

Features

Adobe Flash Player is a runtime that executes and displays content from a provided SWF file, although it has no in-built features to modify the SWF file at runtime. It can execute software written in the ActionScript programming language which enables the runtime manipulation of text, data, vector graphics, raster graphics, sound, and video. The player can also access certain connected hardware devices, including the web cameras and microphones, after permission for the same has been granted by the user.

Flash Player was used internally by the Adobe Integrated Runtime (AIR), to provide a cross-platform runtime environment for desktop applications and mobile applications. AIR supports installable applications on Windows, Linux, macOS, and some mobile operating systems such as iOS and Android. Flash applications must specifically be built for the AIR runtime to use additional features provided, such as file system integration, native client extensions, native window/screen integration, taskbar/dock integration, and hardware integration with connected Accelerometer and GPS devices.[15]

Data formats

Flash Player included native support for many data formats, some of which can only be accessed through the ActionScript scripting interface.

Multimedia formats

Flash Player is primarily a graphics and multimedia platform, and has supported raster graphics and vector graphics since its earliest version. It supports the following different multimedia formats, which it can natively decode and play back.

Streaming protocols

Performance

Hardware acceleration

Until version 10 of the Flash player, there was no support for GPU acceleration. Version 10 added a limited form of support for shaders on materials in the form of the Pixel Bender API, but still did not have GPU-accelerated 3D vertex processing.[32] A significant change came in version 11, which added a new low-level API called Stage3D (initially codenamed Molehill), which provides full GPU acceleration, similar to WebGL.[33] [34] (The partial support for GPU acceleration in Pixel Bender was completely removed in Flash 11.8, resulting in the disruption of some projects like MIT's Scratch, which lacked the manpower to recode their applications quickly enough.[35] [36])

Current versions of Flash Player are optimized to use hardware acceleration for video playback and 3D graphics rendering on many devices, including desktop computers. Performance is similar to HTML video playback.[37] [38] Also, Flash Player has been used on multiple mobile devices as a primary user interface renderer.[39]

Compilation

Although code written in ActionScript 3 executes up to 10 times faster than the prior ActionScript 2,[40] the Adobe ActionScript 3 compiler is a non-optimizing compiler, and produces inefficient bytecode in the resulting SWF, when compared to toolkits such as CrossBridge.[41] [42] [43] [44] [45]

CrossBridge, a toolkit that targets C++ code to run within the Flash Player, uses the LLVM compiler to produce bytecode that runs up to 10 times faster than code the ActionScript 3 compiler produces, only because the LLVM compiler uses more aggressive optimization.

Adobe has released ActionScript Compiler 2 (ASC2) in Flex 4.7 and onwards, which improves compilation times and optimizes the generated bytecode and supports method inlining, improving its performance at runtime.[46]

As of 2012, the Haxe multiplatform language can build programs for Flash Player that perform faster than the same application built with the Adobe Flex SDK compiler.[47]

Development methods

Flash Player applications and games can be built in two significantly different methods:

In both methods, developers can access the full Flash Player set of functions, including text, vector graphics, bitmap graphics, video, audio, camera, microphone, and others. AIR also includes added features such as file system integration, native extensions, native desktop integration, and hardware integration with connected devices.

Development tools

Adobe provides five ways of developing applications for Flash Player:

Third-party development environments are also available:

Game development

Adobe offers the free Adobe Gaming SDK, consisting of several open-source AS3 libraries built on the Flash Player Stage3D APIs for GPU-accelerated graphics:[55]

A few commercial game engines target Flash Player (Stage3D) as run-time environment, such as Unity 3D and Unreal Engine 3.[56] [57] Before the introduction of Stage3D, a number of older 2D engines or isometric engines like Flixel saw their heyday.[58]

Adobe also developed the CrossBridge toolkit which cross-compiles C/C++ code to run within the Flash Player, using LLVM and GCC as compiler backends, and high-performance memory-access opcodes in the Flash Player (termed "Domain Memory") to work with in-memory data quickly.[59] CrossBridge is targeted toward the game development industry, and includes tools for building, testing, and debugging C/C++ projects in Flash Player.

Notable online video games developed in Flash include Angry Birds, FarmVille, and AdventureQuest (started in 2002, and still active as of 2020).[60]

Availability

Desktop platforms

Adobe Flash Player is available in two major versions:

  1. The plugin version for use in various web browsers
  2. The "projector" version is a standalone player that can open SWF files directly.[61] [62]

On February 22, 2012, Adobe announced that it would no longer release new versions of NPAPI Flash plugins for Linux, although Flash Player 11.2 would continue to receive security updates.[63] [64] [65] In August 2016, Adobe announced that, beginning with version 24, it would resume offering of Flash Player for Linux for other browsers.[66]

The Extended Support Release (ESR) of Flash Player on macOS and Windows was a version of Flash Player kept up to date with security updates, but none of the new features or bug fixes available in later versions. In August 2016, Adobe discontinued the ESR branch and instead focused solely on the standard release.[67]

Operating system! First version! Latest version! Support status
WindowsXP and later134.0.0.317 (China-specific)[68]
50.x (Harman enterprise)
32.0.0.465 (last public update, excluding China)[69] 		2017–present
2021–present
2001–2020
200011.1.102.55 and 10.3.183.901999–2013
98 and ME9.0.289.01998–2011
95 and NT 4.0 (IA-32)7.0.14.01996–2005
3.13[70] 1996–1998
macOS10.12 and later 5.0.41.0[71] 34.0.0.317 (China-specific)2017–present
10.10 and later50.x (Harman enterprise)
32.0.0.465 (last public update, excluding China)		2021–present
2014–2020
10.929.0.0.1712013–2018
10.6 – 10.8 (IA-32, x64)22.0.0.2092009–2016
10.5 (IA-32, x64)10.3.183.902007–2013
10.4 (IA-32, PPC) – 10.5 (PPC)10.1.102.642005–2011
10.1 – 10.39.0.289.02001–2011
Classic Mac OS7.6.1 – 9.2.2 (PowerPC)17.0.14.01996–2005
7.6.1 – 8.1 (68k)31996–1998
Linux desktops4.0r12[72] [73] 50.x (Harman enterprise)
34.0.0.137 (last public update, China-specific)[74]
32.0.0.465 (last public update, excluding China)		2021–present
2017–2021[75]
1999–2020
Solaris and OpenSolaris4.0r1211.2.202.223 and 10.3.183.902004–2013
IRIX4.0r12[76] 4.0.r12[77] 1999

Version 10 can be run under Windows 98/Me using KernelEx.[78] HP offered Version 6 of the player for HP-UX, while Innotek GmbH offered versions 4 and 5 for OS/2.[79] Other versions of the player have been available at some point for BeOS.

Mobile platforms

See also: Adobe Integrated Runtime and Adobe Flash Lite.

In 2011, Flash Player had emerged as the de facto standard for online video publishing on the desktop, with adaptive bitrate video streaming, DRM, and fullscreen support.[80] [81] On mobile devices, however, after Apple refused to allow the Flash Player within iOS's integrated web browser, Adobe changed its strategy, enabling Flash content to be delivered as native mobile applications using the Adobe Integrated Runtime.

Up until 2012, Flash Player 11 was available for the Android (ARM Cortex-A8 and above),[82] although in June 2012, Google announced that Android 4.1 (codenamed Jelly Bean) would not support Flash by default. In August 2012, Adobe stopped updating Flash for Android.[83]

Flash Player was supported on a select range of mobile and tablet devices, from Acer, BlackBerry 10, Dell, HTC, Lenovo, Logitech, LG, Motorola, Samsung, Sharp, SoftBank, Sony (and Sony Ericsson), and Toshiba.[84] [85] [86] As of 2012, Adobe has stopped browser-based Flash Player development for mobile browsers in favor of HTML5;[87] [88] however, Adobe continues to support Flash content on mobile devices with the Adobe Integrated Runtime, which allows developers to publish content that runs as native applications on certain supported mobile phone platforms.

Adobe said it will optimize Flash for use on ARM architecture (ARMv7 and ARMv6 architectures used in the Cortex-A series of processors and in the ARM11 family) and release it in the second half of 2009. The company also stated it wants to enable Flash on NVIDIA Tegra, Texas Instruments OMAP 3, and Samsung ARMs.[89] [90] Beginning 2009, it was announced that Adobe would be bringing Flash to TV sets via Intel Media Processor CE 3100 before mid-2009.[91] ARM Holdings later said it welcomes the move of Flash, because "it will transform mobile applications and it removes the claim that the desktop controls the Internet."[92] However, as of May 2009, the expected ARM/Linux netbook devices had poor support for Web video and fragmented software base.[93]

Among other devices, LeapFrog Enterprises provides Flash Player with their Leapster Multimedia Learning System and extended the Flash Player with touch-screen support.[94] Version 9 was the most recent version available for the Linux/ARM-based Nokia 770/N800/N810 Internet tablets running Maemo OS2008.[95] Other versions of the player have been available at some point for Symbian OS and Palm OS.[96] The Kodak Easyshare One includes Flash Player.[97]

The following table documents historical support for Flash Player on mobile operating systems:

PlatformFinal version
Android 4.0, ARM Cortex-A8+Flash Player 11.1.115.81
Android 2.2–3.x, ARM Cortex-A8+[98] Flash Player 11.1.111.73
DreamcastFlash Player 4.0
MaemoFlash Player 9.4[99]
PlayStation 3 with Firmware 2.50, NetFront 2.81Flash Player 9.1 (update 3)[100]
PSP with Firmware 2.70Flash Player 6[101]
Pocket PC 2003[102] Flash Player 7[103] [104]
webOS (Palm and HP)Flash Player 10
Windows Mobile 5Flash Player 7

Other hardware

Some CPU emulators have been created for Flash Player, including Chip8,[105] Commodore 64,[106] ZX Spectrum,[107] and the Nintendo Entertainment System.[108] They enable video games created for such platforms to run within Flash Player.

End of life

Adobe announced on July 25, 2017, that it would end support for the normal/global variant of Flash Player on January 1, 2021, and encouraged developers to use HTML5 standards in place of Flash.[109] [110] The announcement was coordinated with Apple,[111] Facebook,[112] Google,[113] Microsoft,[114] and Mozilla.[115] Adobe announced that all major web browsers planned to officially remove the Adobe Flash Player component on December 31, 2020, and Microsoft removed it from the Windows OS in January 2021 via Windows Update. In a move to further reduce the number of Flash Player installations, Adobe added a "time bomb" to Flash to disable existing installations after January 12, 2021.[116] In mid-2020, Flash Player started prompting users to uninstall itself.[117] Adobe removed all existing download links for Flash installers.[118] After January 26, 2021, all major web browsers including Apple Safari, Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge, and Mozilla Firefox have already permanently removed Flash support.[119] However, Flash content continues to be accessible on the web through emulators such as Ruffle, with varying degrees of compatibility and performance, although this is not endorsed by Adobe.[120]

Web browsers

Google Chrome

Starting from Chrome 76, Flash is disabled by default without any prompts to activate Flash content.[121] Users who wanted to play Flash content had to manually set a browser to prompt for Flash content, and then during each browser session, enable Flash plugin for every site individually. Microsoft Edge, which is based on Chromium, followed the same plan as Google Chrome.[122]

Google Chrome blocked the Flash plugin as "out of date" in January 2021, and fully removed it from the browser with Chrome version 88, released on January 20, 2021.[123] [124]

Mozilla Firefox

Starting with Firefox 85, Flash is disabled by default without any prompts to activate Flash content. To play Flash content, users had to manually set a browser to prompt for Flash content, and then during each browser session enable Flash plugin for every site individually. Firefox 85, released on January 26, 2021, completely removed support for the Flash plugin. Firefox ESR dropped support on November 2, 2021 (Firefox 78 ESR was the last version with support).[125]

Microsoft Windows

On October 27, 2020, Microsoft released an update (named KB4577586) for Windows 10 and 8.1 which removes the embedded Adobe Flash Player component from IE11 and Edge Legacy. In July 2021, this update was automatically installed as a security patch.[126] [127] However, an ActiveX Flash Player plugin may still be used with IE after this update is applied.[128] [129]

Apple Safari

Apple dropped Flash Player support from Safari 14 alongside the release of macOS Big Sur.[130] [131]

Fallout

Despite the years of notice, several websites still were using Flash following December 31, 2020, including the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. Many of these were resolved in the weeks after the deadline. However, many educational institutions still relied on Flash for educational material and did not have a path forward for replacement.[132]

Post-EOL support

Mainland China

The China-specific variant of Flash is still supported, by a company known as Zhongcheng.[133] [134] The Projector (standalone) versions of this variant also work outside of China and do not include the "Flash Helper Service"; however, some tracking code still seems to be present. They are available on a somewhat hidden "Debug" page.[135] In addition, as the global variant of the plugin was discontinued, some users have figured how to modify and repack the China-specific variant to bring it more in line with the global variant. This includes removing the "Flash Helper Service" and removing the China only installation restriction, along with all other geo-restrictions and tracking code. A "time bomb," similar to the one found in later versions of the global variant, is also present in the unmodified China variant; this is also removed in most repacks. In theory, these repacks should provide users outside of China with the latest security updates to Flash Player, without having to deal with invasive advertisements or worry about privacy risks.[136] One such project, "Clean Flash Installer," was served a DMCA takedown from Adobe in October 2021.[137]

Enterprise

Adobe has partnered with Harman to support enterprise Flash Player users until at least 2023.[138] [139] The Harman Flash player variant is labeled as version 50.x, to avoid confusion with other variants.[140]

Web browsers

Internet Explorer 11, along with IE mode in Edge,[140] will continue with ActiveX support, and by extension Flash Player support.[129] Firefox forks that plan to continue NPAPI support, and by extension Flash Player support, include Basilisk, Pale Moon, K-Meleon, and Waterfox Classic. Various Chromium-based Chinese browsers will also continue to support Flash Player in PPAPI and/or NPAPI form, including, but not limited to, 360 Secure Browser.[128]

Shortly after Flash reached end-of-life, South African Revenue Service (SARS) released a custom version of the Chromium browser with the Adobe Flash Player "time bomb" removed. This browser can access only a small set of SARS online pages containing Flash-based forms required for filing financial reports.[141]

Adobe Flash Player Projector

Although no longer available directly from Adobe, all versions of Adobe Flash Player Projector (also known as Adobe Flash Player Standalone) lack the "time bomb" present in the newer plug-in variants, and thus continue to be able to play all supported Flash file formats, including SWF files, without modification.[142] [62] [135]

Content preservation projects

The Internet Archive hosts some Flash content and makes it playable in modern browsers via emulators Ruffle and Emularity.[143] Other emulators, such as CheerpX, also exist as options for Flash Player emulation on other websites.[144] BlueMaxima's Flashpoint project claims to have collected more than 38,000 Adobe Flash Player games and animations and made them available for download.[145]

Open source

Adobe has released some components of Adobe Flash products as open source software via Open Screen Project or donated them to open source organizations. As of 2021, most of these technologies are considered obsolete. This includes: ActionScript Virtual Machine 2 (AVM2) which implements ActionScript 3 (donated as open-source to Mozilla Foundation), Adobe Flex Framework (donated as open-source to the Apache Software Foundation and rebranded as Apache Flex, superseded by Apache Royale), CrossBridge C++ cross-compilation toolset (released on GitHub).[146] [147]

Criticism

Accessibility and usability

In some browsers, prior Flash versions have had to be uninstalled before an updated version could be installed.[148] [149] However, as of version 11.2 for Windows, there are now automatic updater options.[150] Linux is partially supported, as Adobe is cooperating with Google to implement it via Chrome web browser on all Linux platforms.[151]

Mixing Flash applications with HTML leads to inconsistent input handling leading to poor user experience with the site (keyboard and mouse not working as they would in an HTML-only document).

Privacy

Flash Player supports persistent local storage of data (also referred to as Local Shared Objects), which can be used similarly to HTTP cookies or Web Storage in web applications. Local storage in Flash Player allows websites to store non-executable data on a user's computer, such as authentication information, game high scores or web browser games, server-based session identifiers, site preferences, saved work, or temporary files. Flash Player will only allow content originating from exactly the same website domain to access data saved in local storage.[152]

Because local storage can be used to save information on a computer that is later retrieved by the same site, a site can use it to gather user statistics, similar to how HTTP cookies and Web Storage can be used. With such technologies, the possibility of building a profile based on user statistics is considered by some a potential privacy concern. Users can disable or restrict use of local storage in Flash Player through a "Settings Manager" page.[153] [154] These settings can be accessed from the Adobe website or by right-clicking on Flash-based content and selecting "Global Settings".

Local storage can be disabled entirely or on a site-by-site basis. Disabling local storage will block any content from saving local user information using Flash Player, but this may disable or reduce the functionality of some websites, such as saved preferences or high scores and saved progress in games.

Flash Player 10.1 and upward honor the privacy mode settings in the latest versions of the Chrome, Firefox, Internet Explorer, and Safari web browsers, such that no local storage data is saved when the browser's privacy mode is in use.[155]

Security

Adobe security bulletins and advisories announce security updates, but Adobe Flash Player release notes do not disclose the security issues addressed when a release closes security holes, making it difficult to evaluate the urgency of a particular update. A version test page allows the user to check if the latest version is installed, and uninstallers may be used to ensure that old-version plugins have been uninstalled from all installed browsers.

In February 2010, Adobe officially apologized[156] for not fixing a known vulnerability for over a year. In June 2010 Adobe announced a "critical vulnerability" in recent versions, saying there are reports that this vulnerability is being actively exploited in the wild against both Adobe Flash Player, and Adobe Reader and Acrobat.[157] [158] Later, in October 2010, Adobe announced[159] another critical vulnerability, this time also affecting Android-based mobile devices. Android users have been recommended to disable Flash or make it only on demand.[160] Subsequent security vulnerabilities also exposed Android users, such as the two critical vulnerabilities published in February 2013[161] or the four critical vulnerabilities published in March 2013,[162] all of which could lead to arbitrary code execution.

Symantec's Internet Security Threat Report[163] states that a remote code execution in Adobe Reader and Flash Player[164] was the second most attacked vulnerability in 2009. The same report also recommended using browser extensions to disable Flash Player usage on untrusted websites. McAfee predicted that Adobe software, especially Reader and Flash, would be primary target for attacks in 2010.[165] Adobe applications had become, at least at some point, the most popular client-software targets for attackers during the last quarter of 2009.[166] The Kaspersky Security Network published statistics for the third quarter of 2012 showing that 47.5% of its users were affected by one or more critical vulnerabilities.[167] The report also highlighted that "Flash Player vulnerabilities enable cybercriminals to bypass security systems integrated into the application."

Steve Jobs criticized the security of Flash Player, noting that "Symantec recently highlighted Flash for having one of the worst security records in 2009."[168] Adobe responded by pointing out that "the Symantec Global Internet Threat Report for 2009, found that Flash Player had the second lowest number of vulnerabilities of all Internet technologies listed (which included both web plug-ins and browsers)."[169] [170]

On April 7, 2016, Adobe released a Flash Player patch for a zero-day memory corruption vulnerability that could be used to deliver malware via the Magnitude exploit kit. The vulnerability could be exploited for remote code execution.[171] [172]

Vendor lock-in

Flash Player 11.2 does not play certain kinds of content unless it has been digitally signed by Adobe, following a license obtained by the publisher directly from Adobe.[173]

This move by Adobe, together with the abandonment of Flex to Apache was criticized as a way to lock out independent tool developers, in favor of Adobe's commercial tools.[174] [175] [176]

This has been resolved as of January 2013, after Adobe no longer requires a license or royalty from the developer. All premium features are now classified as general availability, and can be freely used by Flash applications.[177]

Apple controversy

See main article: Thoughts on Flash. In April 2010, Steve Jobs, at the time CEO of Apple Inc. published an open letter explaining why Apple would not support Flash on the iPhone, iPod Touch, and iPad. In the letter he blamed problems with the "openness", stability, security, performance, and touchscreen integration of the Flash Player as reasons for refusing to support it. He also claimed that when one of Apple's Macintosh computers crashes, "more often than not" the cause can be attributed to Flash, and described Flash as "buggy".[178] Adobe's CEO Shantanu Narayen responded by saying, "If Flash [is] the number one reason that Macs crash, which I'm not aware of, it has as much to do with the Apple operating system."[179]

Steve Jobs also claimed that a large percentage of the video on the Internet is supported on iOS, since many popular video sharing websites such as YouTube have published video content in an HTML5 compatible format, enabling videos to playback in mobile web browsers even without Flash Player.[180]

Mainland China–specific variant

Starting with version 30, Adobe stopped distributing Flash Player directly to users from mainland China. Instead, they selected 2144.cn as a partner and released a special variant of Flash Player on a specific website,[181] which contains a non-closable process, known as the "Flash Helper Service", that collects private information and pops up advertisement window contents,[182] by receiving and running encrypted programs from a remote server.[183] The partnership started in about 2017, but in version 30, Adobe disabled the usage of vanilla (global) variant of Flash Player in mainland China,[184] forcing users to use that specific variant, which may pose a risk to its users due to Internet censorship by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP).[185] This only affected Chinese Chromium based browser users, Firefox users, and Internet Explorer users using Windows 7 and below, as Microsoft still directly distributed Flash Player for Internet Explorer and Microsoft Edge through Windows Update in Windows 8 and upward at the time. Starting in 2021, however, this variant is the only publicly supported version of Flash Player.

Release history

See also

Further reading

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Adobe Flash Player Download . . August 10, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160809234438/https://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/ . August 9, 2016 . dead.
  2. Web site: Why You Should Ditch Adobe Shockwave . Krebs on Security . May 14, 2014 . February 21, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140525065654/http://krebsonsecurity.com/2014/05/why-you-should-ditch-adobe-shockwave/ . May 25, 2014 . live.
  3. Except in China, where it continues to be used, as well as Harman for enterprise users.
  4. http://googlechromereleases.blogspot.cz/2010/03/dev-channel-update_30.html Integrated Adobe Flash Player Plug-in
  5. https://blog.chromium.org/2012/08/the-road-to-safer-more-stable-and.html Porting Flash to sandboxed PPAPI platform
  6. Web site: Flash Player issues | Windows 8 . Adobe Systems . December 15, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20161220210445/https://helpx.adobe.com/flash-player/kb/flash-player-issues-windows-8.html . December 20, 2016 . live.
  7. Web site: Flash Player Issues | Windows 10 | Internet Explorer . Adobe Systems . December 15, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20161220210544/https://helpx.adobe.com/flash-player/kb/flash-player-issues-windows-10-ie.html . December 20, 2016 . live.
  8. Web site: Flash Player issues | Windows 10 | Microsoft Edge . Adobe Systems . December 15, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20161220210517/https://helpx.adobe.com/flash-player/kb/flash-player-issues-windows-10-edge.html . December 20, 2016 . live.
  9. Web site: Adobe Flash Runtimes Statistics . Adobe Systems Incorporated . January 2, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130106053204/http://www.adobe.com/products/flashruntimes/statistics.html . January 6, 2013 . live.
  10. Web site: Barrett . Brian . Flash. Must. Die. . . . July 15, 2015 . May 9, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170516170811/https://www.wired.com/2015/07/adobe-flash-player-die/ . May 16, 2017 . live.
  11. Web site: Vaughan-Nichols . Steven J. . How to really fix the latest Adobe Flash security hole . . . June 16, 2016 . May 9, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170523054636/http://www.zdnet.com/article/the-real-adobe-flash-fix-is-in/ . May 23, 2017 . live.
  12. Web site: Katie . Collins . Adobe rushes out emergency update for 'critical' Flash security flaw . . March 11, 2016 . May 9, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170325070415/https://www.cnet.com/news/adobe-rushes-out-emergency-update-for-critical-flash-security-flaw/ . March 25, 2017 . live.
  13. Web site: Cimpanu . Catalin . Adobe to block Flash content from running on January 12, 2021 . . . December 9, 2020 . January 21, 2021.
  14. Web site: 重橙网络. Flash Center. 2021-10-08. www.flash.cn . the exclusive and official distributor of Adobe Flash Player.
  15. https://www.adobe.com/products/air.html AIR 3
  16. Web site: What are local shared objects? . Security and privacy . . December 5, 2007 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20100529082335/http://www.adobe.com/products/flashplayer/articles/lso/ . May 29, 2010.
  17. http://swxformat.org/ SWX: SWF Data Format
  18. https://code.google.com/p/swxjava/ swxjava – SWX RPC implementation in Java
  19. https://code.google.com/p/swx-format/ swx-format – Data Format
  20. http://swxformat.org/177 SWX Contest Winners
  21. http://aralbalkan.com/1075 Introducing SWXml
  22. Web site: Flash H.264 . . September 24, 2010 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20101118043148/http://www.mainconcept.com/products/sdks/video/flash.html . November 18, 2010 . mdy-all.
  23. https://www.bbc.co.uk/guidelines/futuremedia/technical/av_addendum.shtml#flash Future Media Standards & Guidelines – AV Addendum v1.5
  24. http://www.adobepress.com/articles/article.asp?p=1014968&seqNum=2 Protocols: HTTP vs. RTMP> Beginner's Guide to Distributing Flash Video
  25. https://www.adobe.com/devnet/flashplayer/articles/cross_domain_policy.html Cross-domain policy file usage recommendations for Flash Player
  26. https://www.adobe.com/devnet/flashplayer/articles/fplayer9_security.html Policy file changes in Flash Player 9 and Flash Player 10
  27. Web site: Sites which support crossdomain.xml to allow Flash and Silverlight access . March 25, 2017.
  28. http://help.adobe.com/en_US/FlashPlatform/reference/actionscript/3/flash/net/Socket.html Socket
  29. http://help.adobe.com/en_US/as3/dev/WSb2ba3b1aad8a27b0-181c51321220efd9d1c-8000.html Sockets
  30. https://www.adobe.com/devnet/flashplayer/articles/socket_policy_files.html Setting up a socket policy file server
  31. https://code.google.com/p/assql/ AsSQL – MySQL Driver for AS3
  32. Book: Eric Lengyel . Game Engine Gems 2 . 2011 . CRC Press . 978-1-56881-437-7 . 3D in a Web Browser . Remi Arnaud . 208–212 . https://books.google.com/books?id=QbSf3XwfM7EC&pg=PA208 . November 28, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160110220042/https://books.google.com/books?id=QbSf3XwfM7EC&pg=PA208 . January 10, 2016 . live.
  33. Book: Christer Kaitila . Adobe Flash 11 Stage3D (Molehill) Game Programming Beginner's Guide . 2011 . Packt Publishing Ltd . 978-1-84969-169-7 . 9.
  34. Web site: Stage3D vs WebGL Performance — Airtight Interactive . Airtightinteractive.com . October 28, 2011 . August 4, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140731041919/http://www.airtightinteractive.com/2011/10/stage3d-vs-webgl-performance/ . July 31, 2014 . live.
  35. Web site: Stage3D . August 5, 2014 . scratch.mit.edu . https://web.archive.org/web/20140810224446/http://wiki.scratch.mit.edu/wiki/Stage3D . August 10, 2014 . live.
  36. Web site: Adobe Flash Player 11.8 – Bug 3591185: Pixel Bender shader performance drastically degraded in FP11.8. Closed as "NeverFix". https://web.archive.org/web/20140422031641/https://bugbase.adobe.com/index.cfm?event=bug&id=3591185. dead. April 22, 2014.
  37. http://www.osnews.com/story/22997/Comparing_Flash_HTML5_Performance Comparing Flash, HTML5 Performance
  38. http://www.flashmobileblog.com/2010/02/24/battery-performance-with-flash-player-10-1-on-nexus-one/ Battery Performance with Flash Player 10.1 on Nexus One
  39. http://www.qnx.com/products/reference-design/ Reference Designs and Demos
  40. https://www.adobe.com/devnet/actionscript/articles/actionscript3_overview.html ActionScript 3.0 overview, "ActionScript 3.0 code executes up to 10 times faster than legacy ActionScript code."
  41. Web site: Alchemy:FAQ . May 5, 2012 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120505202706/http://labs.adobe.com/wiki/index.php/Alchemy%3AFAQ . May 5, 2012., Adobe Labs, "ASC performs few optimizations at this time"
  42. Web site: Zotov . Peter . Reaching the Limits of Adobe Stupidity – whitespace . Whitequark.org . May 6, 2012 . October 27, 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20121015232628/http://whitequark.org/blog/2012/05/06/reaching-the-limits-of-adobe-stupidity/ . October 15, 2012 . live.
  43. http://labs.adobe.com/wiki/index.php/Alchemy:FAQ Alchemy:FAQ
  44. http://llvm.org/devmtg/2009-10/Petersen_OptimizingActionScriptBytecode.pdf Optimizing ActionScript Bytecode using LLVM
  45. http://unitzeroone.com/blog/2008/11/28/adobe-alchemy-is-it-actionscript-heresy/ Adobe Alchemy, is it ActionScript heresy?
  46. http://www.bytearray.org/?p=4789 Introducing ASC 2.0
  47. http://www.splashdust.net/2009/10/as3-vs-haxe-performance/ AS3 vs haXe performance
  48. https://www.adobe.com/devnet/devices/articles/optimize-performance-apps-tv.html Optimizing performance of applications for connected TVs
  49. http://blog.flexwiz.net/top-10-performance-killers-in-your-air-application/ Top 10 Performance Killers in your AIR Application
  50. http://gregsramblings.com/2011/09/06/flex-vs-actionscript-the-debate-gets-new-life/ Flex versus ActionScript – the debate gets new life
  51. http://madskool.wordpress.com/2011/06/07/pure-actionscript-madcomponents-vs-flash-builder-4-5/ Pure ActionScript + MadComponents vs. Flash Builder 4.5
  52. http://crosbymichael.com/flex-45-vs-pure-as3.html Flex 4.5 vs Pure AS3
  53. Web site: Adobe donates Flex to Apache . . November 17, 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20111118101841/http://www.techworld.com.au/article/407714/adobe_donates_flex_apache/ . November 18, 2011 . live.
  54. http://truegryc.blogspot.com/2010/05/response-to-thoughts-on-flash.html Response to "Thoughts on Flash"
  55. Web site: Adobe Gaming SDK . creative.adobe.com . . August 4, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140808054301/https://creative.adobe.com/products/gaming-sdk . August 8, 2014 . live.
  56. Book: Wagner James Au . Game Design Secrets . 2012 . John Wiley & Sons . 978-1-118-46391-8 . 130.
  57. Web site: Adobe Flash 11 adopts Unreal Engine 3 for better browser games | The Verge . October 7, 2011 . theverge.com . August 4, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170706225700/https://www.theverge.com/2011/10/7/2471974/epics-unreal-3-engine-coming-soon-to-adobe-flash-11 . July 6, 2017 . live.
  58. Web site: List of Flash Gaming Engines . FlashRealtime.com . April 23, 2011 . February 21, 2015 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20130406002548/http://www.flashrealtime.com/flash-game-library-engine-list/ . April 6, 2013.
  59. https://adobe-flash.github.io/crossbridge/ CrossBridge for Flash Player
  60. Book: Eric Lengyel . Game Engine Gems 2 . 2011 . CRC Press . 978-1-56881-437-7 . 3D in a Web Browser . Remi Arnaud . 205 . https://books.google.com/books?id=QbSf3XwfM7EC&pg=PA205 . November 28, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160110220042/https://books.google.com/books?id=QbSf3XwfM7EC&pg=PA205 . January 10, 2016 . live.
  61. Web site: Downloads . Adobe Flash Player Support Center . October 29, 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20111022033330/http://www.adobe.com/support/flashplayer/downloads.html . October 22, 2011 . live.
  62. Web site: Adobe Flash Player - Debug Downloads. Adobe Inc.. 2022-04-15. https://web.archive.org/web/20220401020702/https://www.adobe.com/support/flashplayer/debug_downloads.html. 2022-04-01. dead.
  63. Web site: Adobe and Google Partnering for Flash Player on Linux . November 25, 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190519130745/http://blogs.adobe.com/flashplayer/2012/02/adobe-and-google-partnering-for-flash-player-on-linux.html . May 19, 2019 . dead.
  64. Web site: Noyes . Katherine . For Flash on Linux, Chrome Will Be Users' Only Choice | PCWorld Business Center . Pcworld.com . April 6, 2012 . April 10, 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20121020042222/http://www.pcworld.com/article/250455/for_flash_on_linux_chrome_will_be_users_only_choice.html . October 20, 2012 . live.
  65. Web site: Adobe Releases Last Linux Version of Flash Player – Slashdot . March 31, 2012 . Linux.slashdot.org . April 10, 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120331222328/http://linux.slashdot.org/story/12/03/31/1417245/adobe-releases-last-linux-version-of-flash-player . March 31, 2012 . live.
  66. Web site: Beta News – Flash Player NPAPI for Linux . Adobe AIR and Adobe Flash Player Team Blog . August 31, 2016 . November 17, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20161118231652/http://blogs.adobe.com/flashplayer/2016/08/beta-news-flash-player-npapi-for-linux.html . November 18, 2016 . live.
  67. Web site: Where can I find the "Extended Support Release" of Flash Player for Windows or Macintosh? . Campbell . Chris . August 23, 2016 . forums.adobe.com . . September 25, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160705100019/https://forums.adobe.com/thread/889580 . July 5, 2016 . live.
  68. Web site: Adobe Flash Player (China Variant). flash.cn. Zhongcheng Network Technology Co., Ltd. 9 March 2021.
  69. https://web.archive.org/web/20190101113552/https://helpx.adobe.com/flash-player/kb/archived-flash-player-versions.html/ Adobe Flash Player Versions
  70. Web site: Flash Player 3 Archive . https://web.archive.org/web/20200718192527/https://fpdownload.macromedia.com/get/flashplayer/installers/archive/fp3_archive.zip . July 18, 2020.
  71. Web site: Flash Player 5 Archive . https://web.archive.org/web/20200718192527/https://fpdownload.macromedia.com/get/flashplayer/installers/archive/fp5_archive.zip . 2020-07-18.
  72. Web site: MACROMEDIA INTRODUCES FREE FLASH PLAYERS FOR LINUX, SOLARIS, IRIX USERS. Technology > Software Services & Applications from AllBusiness.com . 2011-05-20 . https://web.archive.org/web/20070520080719/http://www.allbusiness.com/technology/computer-software/300738-1.html . May 20, 2007.
  73. Web site: Macromedia Flash Player download center (Linux) . https://web.archive.org/web/20000609061754/http://www.macromedia.com/shockwave/download/index.cgi?P1_Prod_Version=ShockwaveFlash%26P2_Platform=Linux%26P3_Browser_Version=Netscape4 . June 9, 2000.
  74. Web site: Flash Player官方下载中心 . Flash . Flash.cn . 2021-06-12 . zh-hans.
  75. Web site: 关于Linux操作系统下Flash Player个人版停用的公告 . Flash . Flash.cn . 2021-06-12 . zh-hans . 2021-05-10.
  76. Web site: Macromedia Flash Player download center (IRIX) . https://web.archive.org/web/20010105113800/http://www.macromedia.com/shockwave/download/index.cgi?P1_Prod_Version=ShockwaveFlash&P2_Platform=IRIX&P3_Browser_Version=Netscape4 . January 5, 2001.
  77. Web site: Macromedia - Macromedia Web Players: Alternates . https://web.archive.org/web/20010802032700/http://www.macromedia.com/shockwave/download/alternates/ . 2001-08-02.
  78. http://sourceforge.net/projects/kernelex/ KernelEx
  79. Web site: InnoTek Systemberatung GmbH . https://web.archive.org/web/20010917080223/http://innotek.de/flash/ . 2001-09-17.
  80. http://apiblog.youtube.com/2010/06/flash-and-html5-tag.html Flash and the HTML5 <video> tag
  81. http://blog.hulu.com/2010/05/13/pardon-our-dust/ Pardon Our Dust
  82. News: Flash Player 10.1 – Installations and updates . November 19, 2010 . https://web.archive.org/web/20101008031022/http://www.flashmobileblog.com/2010/03/02/flash-player-10-1-installations-and-updates/ . October 8, 2010 . dead.
  83. News: Flash Player for Android: Adobe calls time, declares it dead . Arthur, Charles . The Guardian . June 30, 2012 . June 29, 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140305204524/http://www.theguardian.com/technology/blog/2012/jun/29/flash-android-dies-adobe . March 5, 2014 . live.
  84. https://www.adobe.com/flashplatform/certified_devices/ Flash Platform Certified Devices
  85. https://www.adobe.com/flashplatform/certified_devices/smartphones.html Flash Platform Certified Devices: Smartphones
  86. https://www.adobe.com/flashplatform/certified_devices/tablets.html Flash Platform Certified Devices: Tablets
  87. http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-501465_162-57321344-501465/adobe-abandons-flash-player-on-mobile-browsers-for-html5/ Adobe abandons Flash Player on mobile browsers for HTML5
  88. https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/news/8879783/Adobe-abandons-Flash-for-mobile-devices.html Adobe abandons Flash for mobile devices
  89. https://www.adobe.com/aboutadobe/pressroom/pressreleases/200811/111708ARMAdobeFlash.html Press Room: For immediate release
  90. http://www.electronista.com/articles/08/11/17/adobe.flash.for.arm.in.2k9/ Adobe Flash 10 to be ARM-optimized in 2009
  91. https://www.adobe.com/aboutadobe/pressroom/pressreleases/200901/010509IntelAdobePR.html Press Room: For immediate release
  92. http://www.electronicsweekly.com/Articles/2008/05/02/43661/arm-welcomes-adobes-mobile-flash-move.htm ARM welcomes Adobe's mobile Flash move – 5/2/2008
  93. http://www.eetimes.com/news/latest/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=216500372 ARM netbooks struggle with video, apps
  94. http://www.adobe.com/cfusion/showcase/index.cfm?event=casestudydetail&casestudyid=21019&loc=en_us Adobe Success Story: LeapFrog Enterprises
  95. https://www.adobe.com/shockwave/download/alternates/ Web Players
  96. Web site: Jack . George . Adobe Activation . Adobe Activator . Zii.
  97. http://www.adobe.com/products/flashplayer_sdk/ Macromedia – Flash Player SDK
  98. https://market.android.com/details?id=com.adobe.flashplayer&hl=en Adobe Flash Player
  99. http://maemo.nokia.com/features/maemo-browser/ Maemo software | Nokia › Maemo Browser
  100. Web site: New info on the firmware updates for PS3 and PSP . ThreeSpeech . October 14, 2008 . October 14, 2008 . https://web.archive.org/web/20081015212058/http://threespeech.com/blog/2008/10/new-info-on-the-firmware-updates-for-ps3-and-psp/ . October 15, 2008 . dead.
  101. https://www.adobe.com/devnet/devices/psp.html Mobile and Devices Developer Center: Sony PSP
  102. https://www.adobe.com/products/flashplayer_pocketpc/downloads/player.html Download Macromedia Flash Player 7 for Pocket PC
  103. https://www.adobe.com/products/flashplayer_pocketpc/ Flash Player 7 For Pocket PC
  104. https://www.adobe.com/mobile/supported_devices/pda.html rich Internet applications | Adobe Flash Platform runtimes
  105. Web site: Flip8 – the World's First Flash Emulator — v0.9 . Newsdee.com . September 12, 2009 . https://web.archive.org/web/20100127171830/http://newsdee.com/flip8/ . January 27, 2010 . live.
  106. Web site: Claus Wahlers . FC64 – Flash Commodore 64 Emulator — Demo — c么deazur brasil lab . Codeazur.com.br . September 12, 2009 . https://web.archive.org/web/20091005042410/http://codeazur.com.br/stuff/fc64_final/ . October 5, 2009 . live.
  107. Web site: FlashZXSpectrum48k, Sinclair ZX Spectrum Emulator written in Flash . https://web.archive.org/web/20080203115739/http://www.jorin.com/shed/zx-spectrum-48k-games/?sna=basic . dead . February 3, 2008 . Jorin.com . September 12, 2009.
  108. Web site: aminnes – Project Hosting on Google Code . www.aminlab.com/ . May 17, 2010 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140919201722/http://code.google.com/p/aminnes/ . September 19, 2014 . live.
  109. Web site: Get ready to finally say goodbye to Flash — in 2020 . Lardinois . Frederic . TechCrunch . July 25, 2017 . July 25, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170725160902/https://techcrunch.com/2017/07/25/get-ready-to-say-goodbye-to-flash-in-2020/ . July 25, 2017 . live.
  110. Web site: Adobe will finally kill Flash in 2020 . Warren . Tom . July 25, 2017 . The Verge . July 25, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170725190530/https://www.theverge.com/2017/7/25/16026236/adobe-flash-end-of-support-2020 . July 25, 2017 . live.
  111. Web site: Adobe Announces Flash Distribution and Updates to End . July 25, 2017 . July 26, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170726212958/https://webkit.org/blog/7839/adobe-announces-flash-distribution-and-updates-to-end/ . July 26, 2017 . live.
  112. Web site: Migrating Games from Flash to Open Web Standards on Facebook . Pudełek . Jakub . July 25, 2017 . July 26, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170801000734/https://developers.facebook.com/blog/post/2017/07/25/Games-Migration-to-Open-Web-Standards/ . August 1, 2017 . live.
  113. Web site: Saying goodbye to Flash in Chrome . Laforge . Anthony . July 25, 2017 . July 26, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170725170022/https://www.blog.google/products/chrome/saying-goodbye-flash-chrome/ . July 25, 2017 . live.
  114. Web site: The End of an Era – Next Steps for Adobe Flash . July 25, 2017 . July 26, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170726212959/https://blogs.windows.com/msedgedev/2017/07/25/flash-on-windows-timeline/ . July 26, 2017 . live.
  115. Web site: Firefox Roadmap for Flash End-of-Life . Smedberg . Benjamin . July 25, 2017 . August 21, 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190912182637/https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Plugins/Roadmap . September 12, 2019 . live.
  116. Web site: Tung. Liam. January 12, 2021. Adobe Flash is finally gone: The end arrives as Adobe starts blocking Flash content. January 14, 2021. ZDNet.
  117. Web site: Cimpanu. Catalin. Adobe wants users to uninstall Flash Player by the end of the year. 2020-06-22. ZDNet. en.
  118. Web site: Silviu. Stahie. 2020-06-24. Adobe to Remove Flash Download Links, Recommends People Uninstall It Now. 2021-02-18. Security Boulevard. en-US.
  119. Web site: Firefox 85.0, See All New Features, Updates and Fixes. 2021-01-26. Mozilla. en.
  120. Web site: Ruffle for Adobe Flash Player. Ruffle. January 16, 2024.
  121. Web site: End of support for Adobe Flash Firefox Help. 2020-11-25. support.mozilla.org.
  122. Web site: Venkat. 2019-06-16. After Chrome 76, Mozilla Firefox 69 disables Flash by Default. 2019-06-16. Techdows. en-US.
  123. Web site: Flash Roadmap - The Chromium Projects. 2019-06-16. www.chromium.org.
  124. Web site: Warren. Tom. January 20, 2021. Google's new Chrome 88 update improves dark mode, removes FTP and Adobe Flash. January 20, 2021. The Verge.
  125. Web site: Firefox for Enterprise 93 - Release notes Firefox for Enterprise Help. 2021-10-08. support.mozilla.org.
  126. Web site: September 4, 2020. Update on Adobe Flash Player End of Support. October 4, 2020. Windows Blogs.
  127. Web site: You can now uninstall Flash on Windows 10 and 8.1 using KB4577586 . gHacks Tech News. 2020-10-28. October 28, 2020.
  128. Web site: Adobe - Flash Player. 5 February 2021. Adobe.com. Adobe Systems.
  129. Web site: _flash_install_packages_. 5 February 2021. flash.cn. Zhongcheng Network Technology Co., Ltd.
  130. Web site: Flash Player on Adobe Support Community. 2020-10-03. community.adobe.com. en.
  131. News: Cimpanu. Catalin. June 24, 2020. Safari 14 removes Flash, gets support for breach alerts, HTTP/3, and WebP. ZDNet. 27 July 2020.
  132. Web site: Debre. Elena. February 5, 2021. These Places Were Not Ready for Flash to Die. February 7, 2021. Slate.
  133. Web site: Release Notes - Flash Player 33. Adobe.com. Adobe Systems. 17 January 2021.
  134. Web site: 关于大连车务段使用Flash出现问题的声明公告. flash.cn. Zhongcheng Network Technology Co., Ltd. 25 January 2021. zh-hans.
  135. Web site: Flash Player Debug Downloads (China-specific). flash.cn. Zhongcheng Network Technology Co., Ltd. 1 April 2021. zh-hans.
  136. Web site: Chinese repacks. msfn.com. June 23, 2017 . 1 April 2021.
  137. Web site: Maxwell . Andy . Adobe Uses DMCA to Nuke Project That Keeps Flash Alive, Secure & Adware Free . . 13 October 2021 . en . 12 October 2021.
  138. Web site: Adobe Flash Player EOL Enterprise Information Page. Adobe.com. Adobe Systems. 17 January 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20240115183639/https://www.adobe.com/products/flashplayer/enterprise-end-of-life.html. 15 January 2024. live.
  139. Web site: Harman's support program for Adobe Flash Player. harman.com. Harman International. 17 January 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20240115183621/https://services.harman.com/partners/adobe. 15 January 2024. live.
  140. Web site: Adobe® Flash® Player Enterprise Support. harman.com. Harman International. 20 November 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20240109104517/https://airsdk.harman.com/flashplayer. 9 January 2024. live.
  141. Web site: Cimpanu. Catalin. South African government releases its own browser just to re-enable Flash support. 2021-02-03. ZDNet. en.
  142. Web site: Flash Projectors after 2020. 2021-10-15. community.adobe.com. July 22, 2020.
  143. Web site: Scott. Jason. 2020-11-22. Flash Back! Further Thoughts on Flash at the Internet Archive. 2021-01-03. en.
  144. Web site: CheerpX For Flash. Leaning Technologies. 20 November 2021.
  145. Web site: Every Flash game disappears forever in 2020 – but this project has preserved 38,000 of them. 2021-02-15. PCGamesN. February 2020 . en-GB.
  146. http://blogs.adobe.com/flashplayer/2013/06/open-source-flash-c-compiler-crossbridge.html Open Source Flash C++ Compiler, CrossBridge
  147. https://adobe-flash.github.io/crossbridge/ CrossBridge
  148. Web site: Flash Player Help / Installation problems . April 4, 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120316173105/http://helpx.adobe.com/flash-player/kb/installation-problems-flash-player-windows.html . March 16, 2012 . live.
  149. Web site: Help / Uninstall (old-version) Flash Player (if installation is unsuccessful) . August 31, 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120828230508/http://helpx.adobe.com/flash-player/kb/uninstall-flash-player-windows.html . August 28, 2012 . live.
  150. Web site: Patch for Adobe Flash . March 29, 2012 . February 18, 2014 . . https://web.archive.org/web/20140222181811/http://www.h-online.com/security/news/item/Patch-for-Adobe-Flash-closes-two-critical-security-holes-1486334.html . February 22, 2014 . live.
  151. Web site: Adobe roadmap for the Flash Player . Adobe . January 14, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130112221026/http://www.adobe.com/devnet/flashplatform/whitepapers/roadmap.html . January 12, 2013 . live.
  152. Web site: What Is a Local Shared Object? . . July 1, 2010 . https://web.archive.org/web/20100529082335/http://www.adobe.com/products/flashplayer/articles/lso/ . May 29, 2010 . dead.
  153. Web site: Adobe Flash Player Settings Manager . . July 1, 2010 . https://web.archive.org/web/20100620070041/http://www.macromedia.com/support/documentation/en/flashplayer/help/settings_manager.html . June 20, 2010 . live.
  154. Web site: Web Storage Settings Panel . . April 4, 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120404195828/http://www.macromedia.com/support/documentation/en/flashplayer/help/settings_manager07.html . April 4, 2012 . live.
  155. Web site: Private browsing in Flash Player 10 . . July 1, 2010 . https://web.archive.org/web/20100528232408/http://www.adobe.com/devnet/flashplayer/articles/privacy_mode_fp10.1.html . May 28, 2010 . live.
  156. Web site: Flash Bug Report . https://web.archive.org/web/20100210080408/http://blogs.adobe.com/emmy/archives/2010/02/flash_bug_repor.html . February 10, 2010 . February 6, 2010 . March 27, 2010.
  157. Web site: Security Advisory for Flash Player, Adobe Reader and Acrobat . . June 8, 2010 . https://web.archive.org/web/20100608132423/http://www.adobe.com/support/security/advisories/apsa10-01.html . June 8, 2010 . live.
  158. News: Adobe acknowledges critical security flaw in software . BBC News . June 7, 2010.
  159. Web site: Security Advisory for Adobe Flash Player, Adobe Reader and Acrobat . . October 31, 2010 . https://web.archive.org/web/20101031162814/http://www.adobe.com/support/security/advisories/apsa10-05.html . October 31, 2010 . live.
  160. Web site: Flash vulnerability revealed for Android, fix coming November 9th . . October 31, 2010 . https://web.archive.org/web/20101031004437/http://www.mobilecrunch.com/2010/10/29/flash-vulnerability-revealed-for-android-fix-coming-november-9th/ . October 31, 2010 . live.
  161. Web site: Security updates available for Adobe Flash Player . . February 7, 2013 . July 7, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130709211947/http://www.adobe.com/support/security/bulletins/apsb13-04.html . July 9, 2013 . live.
  162. Web site: Security updates available for Adobe Flash Player . . March 12, 2013 . July 7, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130709212522/http://www.adobe.com/support/security/bulletins/apsb13-09.html . July 9, 2013 . live.
  163. Web site: Internet Security Threat Report: Volume XV: April 2010 . Symantec . 37, 40, 42 . April 2010 . May 9, 2010 . https://web.archive.org/web/20100425183113/http://www4.symantec.com/Vrt/wl?tu_id=SUKX1271711282503126202 . April 25, 2010 . dead.
  164. Web site: Adobe Acrobat, Reader, and Flash Player Remote Code Execution Vulnerability . October 15, 2009 . May 9, 2010 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110424020554/http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/35759 . April 24, 2011 . live.
  165. Web site: 2010 Threat Predictions . https://www.webcitation.org/5qBbtBYx6?url=http://mcafee.com/us/local_content/reports/7985rpt_labs_threat-predict_0110_fnl_lores.pdf . dead . June 2, 2010 . McAfee Labs . 2 . December 2009 . May 9, 2010.
  166. Web site: McAfee Threats Report: Fourth quarter 2009 . McAfee Avert Labs . 16 . February 2010 . May 9, 2010 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20100215182751/http://www.mcafee.com/us/local_content/reports/threats_2009Q4_final.pdf . February 15, 2010.
  167. Web site: IT Threat Evolution: Q3 2012 . Kaspersky Lab ZAO . November 1, 2012 . November 2, 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20121105034639/http://www.securelist.com/en/analysis/204792250/IT_Threat_Evolution_Q3_2012 . November 5, 2012 . live.
  168. Web site: Thoughts on Flash . Apple . Steve Jobs . Steve Jobs . April 29, 2010 . May 9, 2010 . https://web.archive.org/web/20100501010616/http://www.apple.com/hotnews/thoughts-on-flash/ . May 1, 2010 . live.
  169. https://www.adobe.com/choice/flash.html future of Flash
  170. http://eval.symantec.com/mktginfo/enterprise/white_papers/b-whitepaper_internet_security_threat_report_xv_04-2010.en-us.pdf Symantec Global Internet Threat Report for 2009
  171. Web site: Adobe Patches Flash Zero-Day Exploited by Magnitude EK . April 7, 2016 . April 25, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160411012953/http://www.securityweek.com/adobe-patches-flash-zero-day-exploited-magnitude-ek . April 11, 2016 . live.
  172. Web site: Security Advisory for Adobe Flash Player . April 5, 2016 . April 25, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20160604022125/https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/flash-player/apsa16-01.html . June 4, 2016 . live.
  173. http://blogs.adobe.com/flashplayer/2012/07/premium-features-update.html Update: Premium Features for Flash Player
  174. Web site: Why will Premium Flash Player Features Kill Flash? . ASVGuy . March 10, 2012 . February 21, 2015 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20150205223510/http://asvguy.com/2012/03/why-will-premium-flash-player-features-kill-flash.html . February 5, 2015.
  175. Web site: Shankland . Stephen . Adobe to charge Flash coders to use 'premium' features . CNET . March 28, 2014 . February 21, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150119064941/http://www.cnet.com/news/adobe-to-charge-flash-coders-to-use-premium-features/ . January 19, 2015 . live.
  176. Web site: And Then Premium Features Arrived… . ASVGuy . April 5, 2012 . February 21, 2015 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20150205215645/http://asvguy.com/2012/04/and-then-premium-features-arrived.html . February 5, 2015.
  177. https://www.adobe.com/devnet/flashplayer/articles/premium-features.html Adobe Premium Features for Flash Player
  178. Web site: Steve Jobs Unleashes His Fury During Town Hall Meeting . Cassella . Dena . February 1, 2010 . February 22, 2010 . https://web.archive.org/web/20100206123547/http://www.digitaltrends.com/computing/steve-jobs-unleashes-his-fury-during-town-hall-meeting/ . February 6, 2010 . live.
  179. Richmond, Shane. (April 30, 2010) Adobe hits back at Apple's 'smokescreen' – Telegraph Blogs . Blogs.telegraph.co.uk. Retrieved on March 11, 2011.
  180. http://youtube-global.blogspot.com/2010/07/youtube-mobile-gets-kick-start.html YouTube Mobile gets a kick start
  181. Web site: Flash Player官方下载-Flash中国官网 . Flash.cn . July 22, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180722095907/https://www.flash.cn/ . July 22, 2018 . live.
  182. Web site: Adobe update on 6/12/18 include 2144 game cente... Adobe Community . forums.adobe.com . en . July 22, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190330093510/https://forums.adobe.com/thread/2501775 . March 30, 2019 . live.
    Web site: Adobe's 'Partner' 2144 in China has suspicious ... Adobe Community . forums.adobe.com . June 26, 2018 . en . July 22, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180722095824/https://forums.adobe.com/message/10466686 . July 22, 2018 . live. ; Web site: Uninstall 2144 Game Center Adobe Community . forums.adobe.com . en . July 22, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180722095830/https://forums.adobe.com/docs/DOC-9203 . July 22, 2018 . live.
  183. Web site: Roter . Tom . The Curious Case of FlashHelperService - Updated . Minerva Labs . February 10, 2021 . en-us.
  184. Web site: Flashplayer Is Incompatible With Your Area Adobe Community . forums.adobe.com . June 14, 2018 . en . July 22, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180722095821/https://forums.adobe.com/message/10497874 . July 22, 2018 . live.
  185. Web site: IT之家 中国特供版Flash被曝向有关部门搜集用户隐私 – 中国数字时代 . chinadigitaltimes.net . zh-CN . July 22, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180722095844/https://chinadigitaltimes.net/chinese/2018/07/it%E4%B9%8B%E5%AE%B6-%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%89%B9%E4%BE%9B%E7%89%88flash%E8%A2%AB%E6%9B%9D%E5%90%91%E6%9C%89%E5%85%B3%E9%83%A8%E9%97%A8%E6%90%9C%E9%9B%86%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E9%9A%90%E7%A7%81/ . July 22, 2018 . live.
  186. Web site: FutureSplash Player 1.1. December 2, 2021. FutureWave Software, Inc.. https://web.archive.org/web/19961105023744/http://www.futurewave.com/support/playernotes.htm. November 5, 1996. dead.
  187. Macromedia, Inc. (March 4, 2002) Macromedia and Sorenson Media bring video to Macromedia Flash content and applications, Retrieved on August 9, 2009
  188. Web site: Adobe Completes Acquisition of Macromedia . June 18, 2007 . December 5, 2005 . Adobe Systems . https://web.archive.org/web/20070602174522/http://www.adobe.com/aboutadobe/pressroom/pressreleases/200512/120505AdobeAcquiresMacromedia.html . June 2, 2007 . dead.
  189. Web site: Flash Player 9 Update (9.0.28.0) release now available for Windows and Macintosh . Huang . Emmy . November 15, 2006 . January 23, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20070625075832/http://weblogs.macromedia.com/emmy/archives/2006/11/flash_player_9_4.cfm . June 25, 2007.
  190. Web site: Exploring full-screen mode in Flash Player 9 . Adobe Developer Center . December 3, 2007 . April 10, 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120404063906/http://www.adobe.com/devnet/flashplayer/articles/full_screen_mode.html . April 4, 2012 . live.
  191. Web site: Flash Player 9 Update 3 (Final) . Melanson . Mike . December 4, 2007 . January 23, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20100907232212/http://blogs.adobe.com/penguinswf/2007/12/flash_player_9_update_3_final.html . September 7, 2010.
  192. Adobe Delivers Flash Player 9 with H.264 Video Support . adobe.com . December 4, 2007 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20071212234753/http://www.adobe.com/aboutadobe/pressroom/pressreleases/200712/120407adobemoviestar.html . December 12, 2007.
  193. Adobe Systems Incorporated (December 3, 2007) List of codecs supported by Adobe Flash Player, Retrieved on August 5, 2009
  194. Web site: Archived Flash Player versions . . February 18, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140215090650/http://helpx.adobe.com/flash-player/kb/archived-flash-player-versions.html . February 15, 2014 . live.
  195. Web site: Halfast . Todd . Flash Player 10.1 Now Available for Windows, Mac, and Linux " Adobe AIR and Adobe Flash Player Team Blog . Blogs.adobe.com . April 10, 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110511095927/http://blogs.adobe.com/flashplayer/2010/06/flash_player_101_now_available.html . May 11, 2011 . dead.
  196. Web site: features Flash Player 10.3 Release Notes . Kb2.adobe.com . April 10, 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120430051933/http://kb2.adobe.com/cps/901/cpsid_90194.html#main_new . April 30, 2012 . live.
  197. Web site: Extended Support Release Updated to Flash Player 11.7 . May 17, 2013 . Tareq Aljaber . . Adobe AIR and Adobe Flash Player Team Blog . February 15, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20151002060850/http://blogs.adobe.com/flashplayer/2013/05/extended-support-release-updated-to-flash-player-11-7.html . October 2, 2015 . dead.
  198. Web site: Flash Player 11 and AIR 3 Release Notes: 10/04/11 . Kb2.adobe.com . April 10, 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120430051947/http://kb2.adobe.com/cps/919/cpsid_91932.html#main_new_features . April 30, 2012 . live.
  199. https://www.adobe.com/newsletters/inspire/january2011/articles/article1/index.html Introducing Molehill: 3D APIs for Adobe Flash Player and Adobe AIR
  200. https://www.adobe.com/devnet/air/articles/extending-air.html Extending AIR
  201. Web site: Flash Player 11.1 and AIR 3.1 User Release Notes: 11/09/11 . Kb2.adobe.com . April 10, 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120430051952/http://kb2.adobe.com/cps/923/cpsid_92359.html#main_new_features . April 30, 2012 . live.
  202. Web site: Adobe Introduces Premium Features for Gaming with Flash Player 11.2; Announces Collaboration with Unity Technologies . adobe.com . May 18, 2012 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120514033700/http://blogs.adobe.com/digitalmedia/2012/03/adobe-introduces-premium-features-for-gaming-with-flash-player-11-2-announces-collaboration-with-unity-technologies-2/ . May 14, 2012 . live.
  203. Web site: Flash Player and Adobe AIR feature list . adobe.com . May 9, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130514134319/http://www.adobe.com/devnet/articles/flashplayer-air-feature-list.html . May 14, 2013 . live.
  204. Web site: Upcoming changes to Flash Player's extended support release . March 5, 2014 . December 17, 2014 . . https://web.archive.org/web/20151001120818/http://blogs.adobe.com/flashplayer/2014/03/upcoming-changes-to-flash-players-extended-support-release.html . October 1, 2015 . live.
  205. Web site: Flash Player 12.0.0.3 . November 14, 2013 . . December 22, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131224102104/http://forums.adobe.com/message/5843868 . December 24, 2013 . live.
  206. Web site: Adobe Labs Downloads . April 22, 2015 . April 25, 2015 . . https://web.archive.org/web/20150425052838/http://labs.adobe.com/downloads/flashplayer.html . April 25, 2015 . live.
  207. Web site: Flash Player 13.0.0.80 . January 28, 2014 . . February 18, 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140222225809/http://forums.adobe.com/message/6063387 . February 22, 2014 . live.
  208. Web site: 8/12/2014 – Release – Flash Player 14 . August 12, 2014 . . January 12, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141111235027/https://forums.adobe.com/message/6633623#6633623 . November 11, 2014 . live.
  209. Web site: 11/11/2014 – Release – Flash Player 15 . November 11, 2014 . . January 12, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141111234935/https://forums.adobe.com/message/6919568#6919568 . November 11, 2014 . live.
  210. Web site: 12/9/2014 – Release – Flash Player 16 . December 9, 2014 . . January 12, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141215235949/https://forums.adobe.com/message/6999464#6999464 . December 15, 2014 . live.
  211. Web site: 12/3/2015 – Release – Flash Player 17 . March 12, 2014 . . March 13, 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150322110640/https://forums.adobe.com/thread/1736527 . March 22, 2015 . live.
  212. Web site: Adobe Security Bulletin . March 25, 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170329003340/https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/flash-player/apsb15-11.html . March 29, 2017 . live.

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Adobe Flash Player".

Except where otherwise indicated, Everything.Explained.Today is © Copyright 2009-2024, A B Cryer, All Rights Reserved. Cookie policy.