| Incumbent: | 1765–1766 |
| Government Head Title: | Prime Minister |
| Government Head: | Lord Rockingham |
| State Head Title: | Monarch |
| State Head: | George III |
| Total Number: | 12 appointments |
| Political Party: | Rockingham Whigs |
| Legislature Status: | Majority |
| Legislature Term: | 12th GB Parliament |
| Opposition Party: | Grenvillites |
| Previous: | Grenville ministry |
| Successor: | Chatham ministry |
The first Rockingham ministry was a British ministry headed by the Marquess of Rockingham from 1765 to 1766 during the reign of King George III. The government was made up mainly of his followers known as the Rockingham Whigs. The most influential member of the government was the Duke of Newcastle, a former Prime Minister, who served as Lord Privy Seal. It is often referred to as the only government ever to have been made up almost entirely of members of the Jockey Club, with Rockingham himself being a prominent patron and follower of the turf. Rockingham was noted for his ignorance of foreign affairs, and his ministry failed to reverse the growing isolation of Britain within Europe .
The Rockingham ministry fell in 1766 and was replaced by one headed by William Pitt, later the Earl of Chatham.