Ecdysone 20-monooxygenase explained

ecdysone 20-monooxygenase
Ec Number:	1.14.99.22
Cas Number:	55071-97-1
Go Code:	0004501

Ecdysone 20-monooxygenase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

ecdysone + AH₂ + O₂

\rightleftharpoons 20-hydroxyecdysone + A + H₂O

The three substrates of this enzyme are ecdysone, an electron acceptor AH₂, and O₂, whereas its three products are 20-hydroxyecdysone, the reduction product A, and H₂O.^{[1] [2] [3]}

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O₂ as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. The oxygen incorporated need not be derive from O miscellaneous. The systematic name of this enzyme class is ecdysone,hydrogen-donor:oxygen oxidoreductase (20-hydroxylating). Like other genes in the ecdysone synthesis pathway, it belongs to Cytochrome P450 Halloween genes, with the nickname shade, other names in common use include alpha-ecdysone C-20 hydroxylase, and ecdysone 20-hydroxylase.^[4]

Notes and References

1. Johnson P, Rees HH . 1977 . The mechanism of C-20 hydroxylation of alpha-ecdysone in the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria . . 168 . 513 - 520 . 606249 . 3 . 10.1042/bj1680513 . 1183799 .
2. Nigg HN, Svoboda JA, Thompson MJ, Dutky SR, Kaplanis JN, Robbins WE . 1976 . Ecdysome 20-hydroxylase from the midgut of the tobacco hornworm (Manduca sexta L.) . . 32 . 438 - 439 . 5286 . 10.1007/BF01920781 . 4 . 8962617 .
3. Gilbert LI . 1979 . Ecdysone 20-monooxygenase: characterization of an insect cytochrome p-450 dependent steroid hydroxylase . . 15 . 111 - 133 . 488526 . 10.1016/0303-7207(79)90033-9 . Bollenbacher . WE . Cooper . DY . Schleyer . H . Wielgus . JJ . Gilbert . LI . 3 . 25731761 .
4. Petryk A, Warren JT, Marques G, Jarcho MP, Gilbert LI, Kahler J, Parvy JP, Li YT, Dauphin-Villemant C, O'Connor MB . 2003 . Shade is the Drosophila P₄₅₀ enzyme that mediates the hydroxylation of ecdysone to the steroid insect molting hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone . . 100 . 24 . 13773–13778 . 10.1073/pnas.2336088100. 14610274. 283497. free .