EIF5B explained

Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EIF5B gene.^{[1] [2] [3]}

Accurate initiation of translation in eukaryotes is complex and requires many factors, some of which are composed of multiple subunits. The process is simpler in bacteria which have only three initiation factors (IF1, IF2, IF3). Two of these factors are conserved in eukaryotes: the homolog of IF1 is eIF1A and the homolog of IF2 is eIF5B. This gene encodes eIF5B. Factors eIF1A and eIF5B interact on the ribosome along with other initiation factors and GTP to position the initiation methionine tRNA on the start codon of the mRNA so that translation initiates accurately.

Further reading

• Unbehaun A, Marintchev A, Lomakin IB . Position of eukaryotic initiation factor eIF5B on the 80S ribosome mapped by directed hydroxyl radical probing. . EMBO J. . 26 . 13 . 3109–23 . 2007 . 17568775 . 10.1038/sj.emboj.7601751 . 1914099 . etal.
• Hayashi R, Ueda T, Farwell MA, Takeuchi N . Nuclear respiratory factor 2 activates transcription of human mitochondrial translation initiation factor 2 gene. . Mitochondrion . 7 . 3 . 195–203 . 2007 . 17161026 . 10.1016/j.mito.2006.10.005 .
• Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F . Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks. . Cell . 127 . 3 . 635–48 . 2006 . 17081983 . 10.1016/j.cell.2006.09.026 . 7827573 . etal. free .
• Beausoleil SA, Villén J, Gerber SA . A probability-based approach for high-throughput protein phosphorylation analysis and site localization. . Nat. Biotechnol. . 24 . 10 . 1285–92 . 2006 . 16964243 . 10.1038/nbt1240 . 14294292 . etal.
• Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T . Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network. . Nature . 437 . 7062 . 1173–8 . 2005 . 16189514 . 10.1038/nature04209 . 2005Natur.437.1173R . 4427026 . etal.
• Gevaert K, Staes A, Van Damme J . Global phosphoproteome analysis on human HepG2 hepatocytes using reversed-phase diagonal LC. . Proteomics . 5 . 14 . 3589–99 . 2006 . 16097034 . 10.1002/pmic.200401217 . 895879 . etal.
• Beausoleil SA, Jedrychowski M, Schwartz D . Large-scale characterization of HeLa cell nuclear phosphoproteins. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 101 . 33 . 12130–5 . 2004 . 15302935 . 10.1073/pnas.0404720101 . 514446 . 2004PNAS..10112130B . etal. free .
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T . Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. . Nat. Genet. . 36 . 1 . 40–5 . 2004 . 14702039 . 10.1038/ng1285 . etal. free .
• Marintchev A, Kolupaeva VG, Pestova TV, Wagner G . Mapping the binding interface between human eukaryotic initiation factors 1A and 5B: a new interaction between old partners. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 100 . 4 . 1535–40 . 2003 . 12569173 . 10.1073/pnas.0437845100 . 149867 . 2003PNAS..100.1535M . free .
• Olsen DS, Savner EM, Mathew A . Domains of eIF1A that mediate binding to eIF2, eIF3 and eIF5B and promote ternary complex recruitment in vivo. . EMBO J. . 22 . 2 . 193–204 . 2003 . 12514125 . 10.1093/emboj/cdg030 . 140105 . etal.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH . Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 99 . 26 . 16899–903 . 2003 . 12477932 . 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . 139241 . 2002PNAS...9916899M . etal. free .
• Sørensen HP, Hedegaard J, Sperling-Petersen HU, Mortensen KK . Remarkable conservation of translation initiation factors: IF1/eIF1A and IF2/eIF5B are universally distributed phylogenetic markers. . IUBMB Life . 51 . 5 . 321–7 . 2002 . 11699879 . 10.1080/152165401317190842 . 45654480 .
• Nagase T, Ishikawa K, Suyama M . Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XI. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro. . DNA Res. . 5 . 5 . 277–86 . 1999 . 9872452 . 10.1093/dnares/5.5.277 . etal. free .

Notes and References

1. Lee JH, Choi SK, Roll-Mecak A, Burley SK, Dever TE . Universal conservation in translation initiation revealed by human and archaeal homologs of bacterial translation initiation factor IF2 . Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A . 96 . 8 . 4342–7 . May 1999 . 10200264 . 16334 . 10.1073/pnas.96.8.4342 . 1999PNAS...96.4342L . free .
2. Wilson SA, Sieiro-Vazquez C, Edwards NJ, Iourin O, Byles ED, Kotsopoulou E, Adamson CS, Kingsman SM, Kingsman AJ, Martin-Rendon E . Cloning and characterization of hIF2, a human homologue of bacterial translation initiation factor 2, and its interaction with HIV-1 matrix . 342 . Biochem J . (Pt 1) . 97–103 . Oct 1999 . Pt 1 . 10432305 . 1220441 . 10.1042/bj3420097.
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: EIF5B eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5B.