EIF1AX explained

Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1A, X-chromosomal (eIF1A) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EIF1AX gene.^{[1] [2] [3]} This gene encodes an essential eukaryotic translation initiation factor. The protein is a component of the 43S pre-initiation complex (PIC), which mediates the recruitment of the small 40S ribosomal subunit to the 5' cap of messenger RNAs.^[3]

Function

eIF1A is a small protein (17 kDa in budding yeast) and a component of the 43S preinitiation complexes (PIC). eIF1A binds near the ribosomal A-site, in a manner similar to the functionally related bacterial counterpart IF1.^[4]

Clinical significance

Mutations in this gene have been recurrently seen associated to cases of uveal melanoma with disomy 3.^[5] eIF1A is mutated in thyroid cancers.^[6]

Interactions

EIF1AX has been shown to interact with IPO13.^[7]

See also

• Eukaryotic initiation factors

Further reading

• Battiste JL, Pestova TV, Hellen CU, Wagner G . The eIF1A solution structure reveals a large RNA-binding surface important for scanning function . Molecular Cell . 5 . 1 . 109–19 . Jan 2000 . 10678173 . 10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80407-4 . free .
• Choi SK, Olsen DS, Roll-Mecak A, Martung A, Remo KL, Burley SK, Hinnebusch AG, Dever TE . Physical and functional interaction between the eukaryotic orthologs of prokaryotic translation initiation factors IF1 and IF2 . Molecular and Cellular Biology . 20 . 19 . 7183–91 . Oct 2000 . 10982835 . 86272 . 10.1128/MCB.20.19.7183-7191.2000 .
• Mingot JM, Kostka S, Kraft R, Hartmann E, Görlich D . Importin 13: a novel mediator of nuclear import and export . The EMBO Journal . 20 . 14 . 3685–94 . Jul 2001 . 11447110 . 125545 . 10.1093/emboj/20.14.3685 .
• Sørensen HP, Hedegaard J, Sperling-Petersen HU, Mortensen KK . Remarkable conservation of translation initiation factors: IF1/eIF1A and IF2/eIF5B are universally distributed phylogenetic markers . IUBMB Life . 51 . 5 . 321–7 . May 2001 . 11699879 . 10.1080/152165401317190842 . 45654480 .
• Bohnsack MT, Regener K, Schwappach B, Saffrich R, Paraskeva E, Hartmann E, Görlich D . Exp5 exports eEF1A via tRNA from nuclei and synergizes with other transport pathways to confine translation to the cytoplasm . The EMBO Journal . 21 . 22 . 6205–15 . Nov 2002 . 12426392 . 137205 . 10.1093/emboj/cdf613 .
• Olsen DS, Savner EM, Mathew A, Zhang F, Krishnamoorthy T, Phan L, Hinnebusch AG . Domains of eIF1A that mediate binding to eIF2, eIF3 and eIF5B and promote ternary complex recruitment in vivo . The EMBO Journal . 22 . 2 . 193–204 . Jan 2003 . 12514125 . 140105 . 10.1093/emboj/cdg030 .
• Marintchev A, Kolupaeva VG, Pestova TV, Wagner G . Mapping the binding interface between human eukaryotic initiation factors 1A and 5B: a new interaction between old partners . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 100 . 4 . 1535–40 . Feb 2003 . 12569173 . 149867 . 10.1073/pnas.0437845100 . 2003PNAS..100.1535M . free .
• Agate RJ, Choe M, Arnold AP . Sex differences in structure and expression of the sex chromosome genes CHD1Z and CHD1W in zebra finches . Molecular Biology and Evolution . 21 . 2 . 384–96 . Feb 2004 . 14660691 . 10.1093/molbev/msh027 . free .
• Huda Zoghbi . Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, Hirozane-Kishikawa T, Dricot A, Li N, Berriz GF, Gibbons FD, Dreze M, Ayivi-Guedehoussou N, Klitgord N, Simon C, Boxem M, Milstein S, Rosenberg J, Goldberg DS, Zhang LV, Wong SL, Franklin G, Li S, Albala JS, Lim J, Fraughton C, Llamosas E, Cevik S, Bex C, Lamesch P, Sikorski RS, Vandenhaute J, Zoghbi HY, Smolyar A, Bosak S, Sequerra R, Doucette-Stamm L, Cusick ME, Hill DE, Roth FP, Vidal M . Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network . Nature . 437 . 7062 . 1173–8 . Oct 2005 . 16189514 . 10.1038/nature04209 . 2005Natur.437.1173R . 4427026 .
• Kim S, Kim GJ, Miyoshi H, Moon SH, Ahn SE, Lee JH, Lee HJ, Cha KY, Chung HM . Efficiency of the elongation factor-1alpha promoter in mammalian embryonic stem cells using lentiviral gene delivery systems . Stem Cells and Development . 16 . 4 . 537–45 . Aug 2007 . 17784828 . 10.1089/scd.2006.0088 .

Notes and References

1. Dever TE, Wei CL, Benkowski LA, Browning K, Merrick WC, Hershey JW . Determination of the amino acid sequence of rabbit, human, and wheat germ protein synthesis factor eIF-4C by cloning and chemical sequencing . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 269 . 5 . 3212–8 . Feb 1994 . 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)41850-3 . 8106356 . free .
2. Lahn BT, Page DC . Functional coherence of the human Y chromosome . Science . 278 . 5338 . 675–80 . Oct 1997 . 9381176 . 10.1126/science.278.5338.675 . 1997Sci...278..675L .
3. Web site: Entrez Gene: EIF1AX eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1A, X-linked.
4. Fraser. Christopher S.. Quantitative studies of mRNA recruitment to the eukaryotic ribosome. Biochimie. 2015. 114. 58–71. 10.1016/j.biochi.2015.02.017. 25742741. 4458453.
5. Martin M, Maßhöfer L, Temming P, Rahmann S, Metz C, Bornfeld N, van de Nes J, Klein-Hitpass L, Hinnebusch AG, Horsthemke B, Lohmann DR, Zeschnigk M . Exome sequencing identifies recurrent somatic mutations in EIF1AX and SF3B1 in uveal melanoma with disomy 3 . Nature Genetics . 45 . 8 . 933–6 . Aug 2013 . 23793026 . 10.1038/ng.2674 . 4307600.
6. Xu. Yichen. Ruggero. Davide. 2020-03-09. The Role of Translation Control in Tumorigenesis and Its Therapeutic Implications. Annual Review of Cancer Biology. en. 4. 1. 437–457. 10.1146/annurev-cancerbio-030419-033420. 2472-3428. free.
7. Mingot JM, Kostka S, Kraft R, Hartmann E, Görlich D . Importin 13: a novel mediator of nuclear import and export . The EMBO Journal . 20 . 14 . 3685–94 . Jul 2001 . 11447110 . 125545 . 10.1093/emboj/20.14.3685 .