Drostanolone Explained

Drostanolone, or dromostanolone, is an anabolic–androgenic steroid (AAS) of the dihydrotestosterone (DHT) group which was never marketed.[1] [2] [3] An androgen ester prodrug of drostanolone, drostanolone propionate, was formerly used in the treatment of breast cancer in women under brand names such as Drolban, Masteril, and Masteron.[4] This has also been used non-medically for physique- or performance-enhancing purposes.

Pharmacology

Pharmacodynamics

Like other AAS, drostanolone is an agonist of the androgen receptor (AR). It is not a substrate for 5α-reductase and is a poor substrate for 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3α-HSD), and therefore shows a high ratio of anabolic to androgenic activity. As a DHT derivative, drostanolone is not a substrate for aromatase and hence cannot be aromatized into estrogenic metabolites. While no data are available on the progestogenic activity of drostanolone, it is thought to have low or no such activity similarly to other DHT derivatives. Since the drug is not 17α-alkylated, it is not known to cause hepatotoxicity.

Chemistry

See also: List of androgens/anabolic steroids.

Drostanolone, also known as 2α-methyl-5α-dihydrotestosterone (2α-methyl-DHT) or as 2α-methyl-5α-androstan-17β-ol-3-one, is a synthetic androstane steroid and a derivative of DHT. It is specifically DHT with a methyl group at the C2α position.

History

Drostanolone and its ester drostanolone propionate were first described in 1959.[5] Drostanolone propionate was first introduced for medical use in 1961.[6]

Society and culture

Generic names

Drostanolone is the generic name of the drug and its,, and . It has also been referred to as dromostanolone.

Legal status

Drostanolone, along with other AAS, is a schedule III controlled substance in the United States under the Controlled Substances Act.[7]

Potential side effects

Like other AAS, drostanolone can cause a variety of side effects, including:

Non-medical uses

Drostanolone is used by some bodybuilders and athletes to increase muscle mass and strength. It is often used during "cutting cycles" to help preserve muscle mass while losing body fat. However, the use of AAS for non-medical purposes is not recommended due to the potential for serious side effects.

Synthesis

Bolazine is when react 2 eq. with hydrazine to give dimer

Treatment of DHT (androstan-17β-ol-3-one, stanolone) [521-18-6] (1) with methyl formate and the strong base sodium methoxide gives [4033-95-8] (2). The newly added formyl function in the product is shown in the enol form. Catalytic hydrogenation reduces that function to a methyl group (3). The addition of hydrogen from the bottom face of the molecule leads to the formation of β-methyl isomer where the methyl group occupies the higher-energy axial position. Strong base-induced equilibration of the methyl group leads to the formation of the sterically favoured equatorial α-methyl isomer, affording dromostanolone (4).

External links

Notes and References

  1. Book: Elks J . The Dictionary of Drugs: Chemical Data: Chemical Data, Structures and Bibliographies. 14 November 2014. Springer. 978-1-4757-2085-3. 652–.
  2. Book: Index Nominum 2000: International Drug Directory. January 2000. Taylor & Francis. 978-3-88763-075-1. 377–.
  3. Book: Llewellyn, William . vanc . Anabolics. 2011. Molecular Nutrition Llc. 978-0-9828280-1-4. 517–.
  4. Bennett MB, Helman P, Palmer P . Hormonal therapy of breast cancer with special reference to Masteril therapy . South African Medical Journal = Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Geneeskunde . 49 . 49 . 2036–40 . November 1975 . 1242823 .
  5. Ringold HJ, Batres E, Halpern O, Necoechea E . Steroids. CV.12-Methyl and 2-Hydroxymethylene-androstane Derivatives. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 81. 2. 1959. 427–432. 0002-7863. 10.1021/ja01511a040.
  6. Book: William Andrew Publishing. Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Encyclopedia, 3rd Edition. 22 October 2013. Elsevier. 978-0-8155-1856-3. 1402–.
  7. Book: Karch, Steven B. . vanc . Drug Abuse Handbook, Second Edition. 21 December 2006. CRC Press. 978-1-4200-0346-8. 30–.