Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2 explained

Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DGAT2 gene.^[1]

Function

This gene encodes one of two enzymes which catalyzes the final reaction in the synthesis of triglycerides in which diacylglycerol is covalently bound to long chain fatty acyl-CoAs.

The encoded protein catalyzes this reaction at low concentrations of magnesium chloride while the other enzyme has high activity at high concentrations of magnesium chloride. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

Further reading

• Wakimoto K, Chiba H, Michibata H, Seishima M, Kawasaki S, Okubo K, Mitsui H, Torii H, Imai Y . A novel diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT2) is decreased in human psoriatic skin and increased in diabetic mice . Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. . 310 . 2 . 296–302 . 2003 . 14521909 . 10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.09.015.
• Ganji SH, Tavintharan S, Zhu D, Xing Y, Kamanna VS, Kashyap ML . Niacin noncompetitively inhibits DGAT2 but not DGAT1 activity in HepG2 cells . J. Lipid Res. . 45 . 10 . 1835–45 . 2004 . 15258194 . 10.1194/jlr.M300403-JLR200 . free .
• Friedel S, Reichwald K, Scherag A, Brumm H, Wermter AK, Fries HR, Koberwitz K, Wabitsch M, Meitinger T, Platzer M, Biebermann H, Hinney A, Hebebrand J . Mutation screen and association studies in the diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase homolog 2 gene (DGAT2), a positional candidate gene for early onset obesity on chromosome 11q13 . BMC Genet. . 8 . 17 . 2007 . 17477860 . 1871603 . 10.1186/1471-2156-8-17 . free .
• Friedel S, Reichwald K, Scherag A, Brumm H, Wermter AK, Fries HR, Koberwitz K, Wabitsch M, Meitinger T, Platzer M, Biebermann H, Hinney A, Hebebrand J . Mutation screen and association studies in the diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase homolog 2 gene (DGAT2), a positional candidate gene for early onset obesity on chromosome 11q13 . BMC Genet. . 8 . 17 . 2007 . 17477860 . 1871603 . 10.1186/1471-2156-8-17 . free .
• Payne VA, Au WS, Gray SL, Nora ED, Rahman SM, Sanders R, Hadaschik D, Friedman JE, O'rahilly S, Rochford JJ . Sequential regulation of diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 expression by CAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta (C/EBPbeta) and C/EBPalpha during adipogenesis . J. Biol. Chem. . 282 . 29 . 21005–14 . 2007 . 17504763 . 2254492 . 10.1074/jbc.M702871200 . free .
• Levin MC, Monetti M, Watt MJ, Sajan MP, Stevens RD, Bain JR, Newgard CB, Farese RV, Farese RV . Increased lipid accumulation and insulin resistance in transgenic mice expressing DGAT2 in glycolytic (type II) muscle . Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. . 293 . 6 . E1772–81 . 2007 . 17940217 . 10.1152/ajpendo.00158.2007 .
• Yen CL, Stone SJ, Koliwad S, Harris C, Farese RV . Thematic review series: glycerolipids. DGAT enzymes and triacylglycerol biosynthesis . J. Lipid Res. . 49 . 11 . 2283–301 . 2008 . 18757836 . 3837458 . 10.1194/jlr.R800018-JLR200 . free .
• Kantartzis K, Machicao F, Machann J, Schick F, Fritsche A, Häring HU, Stefan N . The DGAT2 gene is a candidate for the dissociation between fatty liver and insulin resistance in humans . Clin. Sci. . 116 . 6 . 531–7 . 2009 . 18980578 . 10.1042/CS20080306 . 24593609 .
• Stone SJ, Levin MC, Zhou P, Han J, Walther TC, Farese RV . The endoplasmic reticulum enzyme DGAT2 is found in mitochondria-associated membranes and has a mitochondrial targeting signal that promotes its association with mitochondria . J. Biol. Chem. . 284 . 8 . 5352–61 . 2009 . 19049983 . 2643492 . 10.1074/jbc.M805768200 . free .

Notes and References

1. Web site: Entrez Gene: Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2. 2017-07-18.