| Ipa Symbol: | tʼ |
| Imagefile: | IPA Unicode 0x0074+0x02BC.svg |
| Decimal1: | 116 |
| Decimal2: | 357 |
| X-Sampa: | t_> |
| Kirshenbaum: | t` |
| Ipa Symbol: | t̪ʼ |
| Decimal1: | 116 |
| Decimal2: | 810 |
| Decimal3: | 357 |
| X-Sampa: | t_d_> |
The alveolar and dental ejective stops are types of consonantal sounds, usually described as voiceless, that are pronounced with a glottalic egressive airstream. In the International Phonetic Alphabet, ejectives are indicated with a "modifier letter apostrophe" ⟨ʼ⟩,[1] as in this article. A reversed apostrophe is sometimes used to represent light aspiration, as in Armenian linguistics ⟨p‘ t‘ k‘⟩; this usage is obsolete in the IPA. In other transcription traditions, the apostrophe represents palatalization: ⟨pʼ⟩ = IPA ⟨pʲ⟩. In some Americanist traditions, an apostrophe indicates weak ejection and an exclamation mark strong ejection: ⟨k̓, k!⟩. In the IPA, the distinction might be written ⟨kʼ, kʼʼ⟩, but it seems that no language distinguishes degrees of ejection.
In alphabets using the Latin script, an IPA-like apostrophe for ejective consonants is common. However, there are other conventions. In Hausa, the hooked letter ƙ is used for /kʼ/. In Zulu and Xhosa, whose ejection is variable between speakers, plain consonant letters are used: p t k ts tsh kr for /pʼ tʼ kʼ tsʼ tʃʼ kxʼ/. In some conventions for Haida and Hadza, double letters are used: tt kk qq ttl tts for /tʼ kʼ qʼ tɬʼ tsʼ/ (Haida) and zz jj dl gg for /tsʼ tʃʼ cʎ̥˔ʼ kxʼ/ (Hadza).
In Oromo /tʼ/ is written as ⟨x⟩.
Features of the alveolar ejective:
| Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kabardian: [[Cyrillic script|я'''тӀ'''э]]/i͡atḣė | 'dirt' | |||||
| Amharic: ጥጃ/ṭəǧǧa/t'ejah/tehǧa | pronounced as /[tʼɨd͡ʒːa]/ | 'calf' | ||||
| Armenian | Yerevan dialect | տասը/t'asë | pronounced as /[ˈtʼɑsə]/ | 'ten' | Corresponds to tenuis pronounced as /[t⁼]/ in other Eastern dialects | |
| Chechen: [[Cyrillic script|'''тӏ'''ай]] / Chechen: '''th'''ay / Chechen: '''ط'''ای | pronounced as /[tʼəj]/ | 'bridge' | ||||
| pronounced as /[t̺ʼirimalle]/ | 'spider' | Apical, contrasts with laminal denti-alveolar ejective. | ||||
| Ganza[2] | pronounced as /[tʼóɗó]/ | 'black' | ||||
| Georgian: [[Georgian alphabet|ტიტა]]/t'it'a | pronounced as /[ˈtʼitʼä]/ | 'tulip' | ||||
| Haida: qqay'''tt'''as | pronounced as /[qʼajtʼas]/ | 'basket' | ||||
| Kabardian: [[Cyrillic script|'''тӀ'''ы]] / Kabardian: '''ţ'''ə / Kabardian: '''ط'''ە | 'ram' | |||||
| '''t'<nowiki/>'''ǽrkse | pronounced as /[tʼǽɾkse]/ | 'spicy' | ||||
| '''тӀ'''ая/t'aja | pronounced as /[tʼaja]/ | 'to drop' | ||||
| [[Georgian alphabet|'''ტ'''ყები]]/t'q'ɛbi | pronounced as /[ˈtʼqʼɛbi]/ | 'leather' | ||||
| Navajo; Navaho: yáʼá'''tʼ'''ééh | pronounced as /[jáʔátʼɛ́ːh]/ or pronounced as /[jáʔátʼéːh]/ | 'greetings' or 'hello' | literally 'it is good'[3] | |||
| '''tʼ'''eyíi'''tʼ'''eyii | pronounced as /[tʼæˈjiːtʼæjiː]/ | 'flat' | ||||
| Ossetian | Iron | Ossetian; Ossetic: с'''тъ'''алы/sthaly | pronounced as /[ˈstʼäɫɪ̈]/ | 'star' | ||
| Quechua: '''tʼ'''anta | pronounced as /[tʼæntæ]/ | 'bread' | ||||
| ტჷნ/tʼən | pronounced as /[tʼən]/ | 'body' | ||||
pronounced as /navigation/