Demographics of Kosovo explained

Size Of Population:1,586,659 (2024)[1]
Growth: 0.62% (2023 est.)[2]
Birth: 14.6 per 1,000 pop.[3]
Death: 7.7 per 1,000 pop.
Life: 76.7 years[4]
Life Male: 74.1 years
Life Female: 79.4 years
Fertility: 1.88 children born/woman (2023)[5]
Infant Mortality: 24.9 per 1,000 births[6]
Net Migration:-3.72 per 1,000 pop.
Age 0–14 Years:27.2%
Age 15–64 Years:66.1%
Age 65 Years:6.7%
Total Mf Ratio:1.08 male(s)/female
Nation:noun: Kosovar/Kosovan(s) adjective: Kosovar
Major Ethnic:Albanians (95%) (2011 census)
Minor Ethnic:Bosniaks (2%), Serbs (1.5%) and others (4%) (2011 census)
Spoken:Albanian (95%)
languages of the minorities (5%)

The Kosovo Agency of Statistics monitors various demographic features of the population of Kosovo, such as population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population. Censuses, normally conducted at ten-year intervals, record the demographic characteristics of the population. According to the first census conducted after the 2008 declaration of independence in 2011, the permanent population of Kosovo had reached 1,810,366.[7]

A 2011 demographic census shows that Albanians form the majority in Kosovo, with over 93% of the total population; significant minorities include Bosniaks (1.6%), Serbs (1.5%) and others. However, most Serbs boycotted the census and it therefore shows an inaccurate number of Serbs in Kosovo. After Albanians, Serbs form the largest ethnic community in Kosovo (6–7%). A 2023 CIA estimate put Kosovo's population at 1,964,327.

Kosovo has the youngest population in Europe. As of 2008, half of its roughly 2-million-strong population is under the age of 25, according to a recent report of the UN Development Programme, UNDP. According to the government data, it is estimated that more than 65 percent of the population are younger than 30.[8]

History

See main article: Demographic history of Kosovo.

2011 census

The final results of the 2011 census recorded Kosovo (excluding North Kosovo) as having 1,739,825 inhabitants.[9] The European Centre for Minority Issues (ECMI) has called "for caution when referring to the 2011 census", due to the boycott by Serb-majority municipalities in North Kosovo and the large boycott by Serbs and Roma in southern Kosovo.[10] The recorded total population was below most previous estimates. The census enjoyed considerable technical assistance from international agencies and appears to have been endorsed by Eurostat; it was, however, the first full census since 1981, and not one of an uninterrupted series. The results show that there were no people temporarily resident in hotels or refugee camps at the time of the census;[11] that out of 312,711 conventional dwellings, 99,808 (over 30%) were unoccupied;[11] and that three municipalities designed under the Ahtisaari Plan to have Serb majorities – Klokot, Novo Brdo, and Štrpce – in fact had ethnic Albanian majorities (although their municipal assemblies have Serb majorities).[11]

Vital statistics

Source: Kosovo Agency of Statistics[12] [13] [14] Population estimates in the table below may be unreliable during the 1990s period. Besides, vital statistics do not fully include data from Serb-majority territories. Since 2011, in accordance with European statistical norms, live births and deaths record figures in Kosovo only (excluding foreign countries).

Average populationLive birthsDeathsNatural changeCrude birth rate (per 1000)Crude death rate (per 1000)Natural change (per 1000)Crude migration rate (per 1000)Total fertility rateFemale fertile population (15–49 years)
1950764,00035,22212,99122,23146.117.029.17.70164,096
1951780,00029,29914,83314,46637.619.018.52.46.17169,877
1952793,00035,61913,86721,75244.917.527.4-10.77.23175,660
1953813,00034,59516,72617,86942.620.622.03.26.62181,445
1954832,00038,59513,20125,39446.415.930.5-7.17.16185,718
1955842,00036,73615,29221,44443.618.225.5-13.56.62189,992
1956859,00037,81913,69224,12744.015.928.1-7.96.56194,265
1957873,00034,15915,30018,85939.117.521.6-5.35.84192,596
1958890,00039,28511,59827,68744.113.031.1-11.66.62195,341
1959921,00037,36412,87824,48640.614.026.68.26.14199,359
1960944,00041,63113,36528,26644.114.229.9-4.96.64203,954
1961967,35340,56111,75928,80241.912.229.8-5.16.26208,550
1962994,67641,33615,02426,31241.615.126.51.76.23212,149
19631,022,21841,52512,42329,10240.612.228.5-0.86.13217,556
19641,051,49842,55712,73129,82640.512.128.40.26.14224,326
19651,082,17043,56911,76731,80240.310.929.4-0.25.97233,584
19661,118,00342,42910,26632,16338.09.228.84.35.66240,125
19671,150,62244,00111,30832,69338.29.828.40.85.71248,992
19681,182,95244,62710,78133,84637.79.128.6-0.55.64257,056
19691,189,14046,48010,89235,58839.19.229.9-24.75.69267,271
19701,219,99644,49610,82933,66736.58.927.6-1.75.40268,960
19711,253,97547,06010,31236,74837.58.229.3-1.45.74270,050
19721,290,96547,94310,27037,67337.18.029.20.35.57283,885
19731,327,85347,71410,35837,35635.97.828.10.55.35293,340
19741,365,87949,84710,07539,77236.57.429.1-0.55.40303,396
19751,404,97749,31010,01839,29235.17.128.00.65.19313,611
19761,446,00151,35510,14941,20635.57.028.50.75.24324,297
19771,486,81649,8499,81140,03833.56.626.91.34.92334,581
19781,525,96049,0279,77639,25132.16.425.70.64.66344,970
19791,565,99548,1259,57538,55030.76.124.61.64.51349,520
19801,552,77953,1478,90944,23834.25.728.5-38.94.82354,068
19811,594,45148,1119,67738,43430.26.124.12.74.55351,396
19821,634,89352,86510,47942,38632.36.425.9-0.54.71361,232
19831,676,32549,64511,04038,60529.66.623.02.34.29372,615
19841,716,88455,24310,57344,67032.26.226.0-1.84.58391,155
19851,760,13253,92511,82642,09930.66.723.91.34.30403,640
19861,803,57954,51910,44644,07330.25.824.40.34.18415,407
19871,848,11156,22110,30745,91430.45.624.8-0.14.12429,439
19881,894,13156,28310,25746,02629.75.424.30.63.96441,867
19891,938,79453,65610,18143,47527.75.322.41.23.63454,260
19901,987,05655,1758,21446,96127.84.123.61.33.59472,145
19911,967,67552,2638,52643,73726.64.322.2-32.03.52454,214
19922,007,97844,4188,00436,41422.14.018.12.42.83478,108
19932,043,74044,1327,80436,32821.63.817.802.71492,412
19942,079,23443,4507,66735,78320.93.717.20.22.57506,408
19952,115,02044,7768,67136,10521.24.117.10.12.55521,049
19962,152,54546,0418,39237,64921.43.917.50.22.56535,873
19972,188,08342,9208,62434,29619.63.915.70.82.33549,826
19982,127,79541,7528,12333,62919.63.815.843.42.34543,799
19992,067,50740,0207,56932,45119.43.715.7-44.02.28537,773
20002,007,21938,6877,11531,57219.33.515.7-44.92.31531,747
20011,946,93237,4126,67230,74019.23.415.8-45.82.26525,719
20021,886,64436,1365,65430,48219.23.016.2-47.22.22519,692
20031,826,35631,9946,41725,57717.53.514.0-46.02.00513,664
20041,766,06835,0636,39928,66419.93.616.2-49.22.21507,639
20051,743,78037,2187,20730,01121.34.117.2-29.82.38501,613
2006[15] 1,719,53634,1877,47926,70819.94.315.5-29.42.24495,586
20071,733,40433,1126,68126,43119.13.915.2-7.12.21489,559
20081,747,38334,3996,85227,54719.73.915.8-7.72.32483,531
20091,761,47434,2407,03027,21019.44.015.4-7.32.36477,507
20101,775,68033,7517,23426,51719.04.114.9-6.82.38471,479
20111,786,22927,6267,11120,51515.54.011.5-5.61.99465,452
20121,807,12627,7437,31720,42615.44.011.30.41.95475,454
20131,818,11929,3277,13522,19216.13.912.2-6.12.02486,248
20141,812,78825,9297,63418,29514.34.210.113.01.81483,078
20151,788,27424,5948,20216,39213.84.69.2-22.71.74479,210
20161,777,56823,4168,49514,92113.24.88.4-14.41.66478,783
20171,791,01923,4028,72114,68113.14.98.2-0.61.65485,648
2018[16] 1,797,08622,7618,99813,76312.75.07.7-4.31.60486,169
2019[17] [18] 1,788,89121,7989,43012,36812.25.36.9-11.51.55482,164
2020[19] [20] 1,790,15221,90712,9878,92012.27.35.0-4.31.56480,779
2021[21] [22] 1,786,07922,83013,0199,81112.87.35.5-7.81.63476,401
20221,761,86422,6329,84512,78712.85.67.3-20.91.65466,213
20231,586,65921,6549,62212,023

Current vital statistics

[23] [24] [25] [26]

PeriodLive birthsDeathsNatural increase
January - May 20238,6143,885+4,729
January - May 20248,4504,091+4,359
Difference -164 (-1.90%) +206 (+5.30%) -370

Marriages and divorces

Administrative divisions

See also: Administrative divisions of Kosovo and Municipalities of Kosovo. Kosovo is administratively subdivided into seven districts, and 38 municipalities. With the current estimation on population, Kosovo ranks as the 150th largest country in the world based on how populous it is.[27]

RankNamePopulation (2011)Area (km2)Density (km2)Settlements
English
(most common)
AlbanianSerbian
Pristina District477,3122,470193.2298
1 Prishtinë Priština 198,897572347.7 41
7 Podujevë/Besianë Podujevo 88,499663 133.5 76
11 Drenas Glogovac 58,531 290 201.8 37
12 Lipjan Lipljan57,605 422 136.5 70
21 Fushë Kosovë Kosovo Polje 34,827 83 419.6 15
26 Obiliq/Kastriot Obilić 21,549105 205.2 19
30 Graçanicë Gračanica 10,675 131 81.5 16
33 Novobërdë/Artanë Novo Brdo 6,729 204 33 24
Prizren District331,6701,397237.4195
2 Prizren Prizren 177,781 626 284 74
10 Suharekë/Therandë Suva Reka 59,722306 178.5 42
14 Malishevë Mališevo 54,613 361 165.4 43
22 Dragash/Sharr Dragaš 33,997 435 78.2 35
35 Mamushë Mamuša 5,507 11 500.6
Ferizaj District185,8061,030180.4126
3 Ferizaj Uroševac 108,690 345 31545
23 Kaçanik Kačanik 33,454 221 151.431
25 Shtime Štimlje 27,324134 203.9 23
31 Hani i Elezit Đeneral Janković/Elez Han 9,389 83 113.1 11
32 Shtërpcë Štrpce 6,949 247 28.1 16
Peja District174,2351,365127.6118
4 Pejë Peć 96,450 603 160 14
17 Istog Istok 39,289 454 86.5 50
19 Klinë Klina 38,496308 125 54
Gjakova District194,6721,129172.4170
5 Gjakovë Đakovica 94,557 587 161.1 91
13 Rahovec Orahovac 55,053276 199.532
18 Deçan Dečani 38,984 180 216.6 37
34 Junik Junik 6,078 86 70.7 10
Mitrovica District272,2472,077131.1267
8 Mitrovicë Mitrovica 71,909 350 205.5 45
9 Vushtrri Vučitrn 69,870 344 203.1 67
15 Skënderaj Srbica 50,858 378 134.5 49
24 Mitrovicë Veriore Severna Mitrovica 29,460 11 2,678.2
27 Leposaviq/Albanik Leposavić 18,600 539 34.5 42
28 Zveçan Zvečan 16,650 122 136.5 35
29 Zubin Potok Zubin Potok 14,900 333 44.7 29
Gjilan District180,7831,206149.9287
6 Gjilan Gnjilane 90,015 385 233.8 54
16 Viti Vitina 46,959 278 168.9 39
20 Kamenicë/Dardanë Kamenica 35,600 423 84.2 58
36 Ranillug Ranilug 3,86678 49.6 18
37 Kllokot Klokot2,556 24106.5 4
38 Partesh Parteš 1,787 18 99.33
Kosovo1,816,67510,9081701,339

Ethnic groups

The official results of the censuses in Kosovo after World War II are tabulated below. The figures for Albanians in the 1991 census were estimates only, since that census was boycotted by most Albanians. Similarly, the figures for Serbs in the 2011 census omit those in North Mitrovica, Leposavić, Zubin Potok and Zvečan (North Kosovo), while the number of Serbs and Romani in the rest of Kosovo is also deemed unreliable, due to the partial boycott.[10]

Ethnic
group
1948 census 1953 census 1961 census 1971 census 1981 census 1991 census 2011 census
Number%Number%Number%Number%Number%Number%Number%
Albanians498,24468.5524,55964.9646,60567.1916,16873.71,226,73677.41,596,07281.61,616,86992.9
Serbs171,91123.6189,86923.5227,01623.5228,26418.4209,49813.2194,1909.925,5321.5
Montenegrins28,0503.931,3433.937,5883.931,5552.527,0281.720,3651.1
ethnic Muslims9,6791.36,2410.88,0260.826,3572.158,5623.766,1893.4
Bosniaks27,5331.6
Gorani10,2650.6
Croats5,2900.76,2010.87,2510.88,2640.78,7180.68,0620.4
Yugoslavs5,2060.59200.12,6760.23,4570.2
Romani11,2301.511,9041.53,2020.314.5931.234,1262.245,7602.38,8240.5
Ashkali15,4360.9
Egyptians11,5240.6
Turks1,3150.234,5834.325,7642.712,2441.012,5130.810,4450.518,7381.1
Macedonians5260.19720.11,1420.11,0480.11,0560.1
Others or unspecified1,5770.22,4690.32,1880.24,2800.33,4540.211,6560.63,2640.6
Total727,820808,141963,9881,243,6931,584,4411,956,1961,739,825

Ethnic groups by municipality

The results of the 2011 census of ethnic groups in municipalities are tabulated below.[28]

The 2000 Living Standard Measurement Survey by Statistical Office of Kosovo found an ethnic composition of the population as follows:

A more comprehensive (October 2002) estimate (for the 1.9 million inhabitants) for these years:

During the Kosovo War in 1999, around 700,000 ethnic Albanians,[29] over 100,000 ethnic Serbs and more than 40,000 Bosniaks were forced out of Kosovo to neighbouring Albania, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Bosnia and Serbia.After the United Nations took over administration of Kosovo following the war, the vast majority of the Albanian refugees returned.The largest diaspora communities of Kosovo Albanians are in Switzerland and Austria accounting for some 200,000 individuals each, or for 20% of the population resident in Kosovo.

Many non-Albanians – chiefly Serbs and Romani – fled or were expelled, mostly to the rest of Serbia at the end of the war, with further refugee outflows occurring as the result of sporadic ethnic violence. As of 2002, the number of registered refugees was around 250,000.[30] [31] [32] The non-Albanian population in Kosovo is now about half of its pre-war total. The largest concentration of Serbs in the country is in the north, but many remain in Kosovo Serb enclaves surrounded by Albanian-populated areas.

Languages

See also: Minority languages of Kosovo. As defined by the Constitution of Kosovo, Albanian and Serbian are official languages in Kosovo. According to the 2011 census, almost 95% of the citizens speak Albanian as their native language, followed by South Slavic languages and Turkish. Due to North Kosovo's boycott of the census, Bosnian came in as the second-largest language after Albanian. However, Serbian is in reality the second-most spoken language in Kosovo.

Language Native speakers[33] %
1,644,865 94.5
28,989 1.7
27,983 1.6
19,568 1.1
5,860 0.3
Other/Not specified 12,560 0.7

Health

Harvard Medical School and NATO published a study on the impact of the conflict on Kosovo health system in 2014.[34] The data in the table below are from the Kosovo Agency of Statistics.

Migration

According to a 2015 report by Geoba.se, Kosovo's current net migration rate is at −3.72, ranking Kosovo 197th,[35] due to the ongoing political and economic crisis. The same source gives −0.71 for the 2023 estimate.

Religion

See main article: Religion in Kosovo. The country has no official religion. The constitution establishes Kosovo as a secular state that is neutral in matters of religious beliefs and where everyone is equal before the law and freedom to belief, conscience and religion is guaranteed.[36] [37]

The 2011 Kosovo population census was largely boycotted by the Kosovo Serbs (who predominantly identify as Serbian Orthodox Christians), especially in North Kosovo,[38] leaving the Serb population underrepresented.[39] The results of the 2011 census gave the following religious affiliations for the population included in the census:[40]

2011 Kosovo religion census
(boycotted by most Serbs)! Religion!!Population!!%
1,663,412 95.6%
64,275
38,438
25,837
3.7%
2.2%
1.5%
Other (specify) 1,188 0.1%
1,242 0.1%
Not stated
  • Prefer not to answer
  • Missing
9,708
7,213
2,495
0.6%
0.4%
0.1%
Total 1,739,825 100%

Almost all Muslims in Kosovo are Sunni Muslim.[41]

The Serb population is largely Serbian Orthodox. The Catholic Albanian communities are mostly concentrated in Gjakova, Prizren, Klina and a few villages near Peć and Vitina (see laramans). Slavic-speaking Catholics usually call themselves Janjevci or Kosovan Croats. Slavic-speaking Muslims in the south of Kosovo are known as the Gorani people.

Internally displaced persons

According to the CIA,, there were 17,300 internally displaced persons, most of whom are Serbs displaced during the Kosovo War.

See also

Notes and references

Notes

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Europe :: Kosovo — The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency. www.cia.gov. 2021-08-16.
  2. Web site: Europe :: Kosovo — The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency. www.cia.gov. 2021-08-16.
  3. Web site: Europe :: Kosovo — The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency. www.cia.gov. 2021-08-16.
  4. Web site: Series 1: General Statistics: Kosovo in Figures (2015) . Agjencia e Statistikave të Kosovës . en . 25 September 2022 . 30 September 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220930224154/https://ask.rks-gov.net/media/2362/kosova_shifra-2015-ang.pdf . dead .
  5. Web site: Europe :: Kosovo — The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency. www.cia.gov. 2021-08-16.
  6. Web site: Europe :: Kosovo — The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency. www.cia.gov. 2021-08-16.
  7. Web site: Agjencia e Statistikave të Kosovës -. Esk.rks-gov.net. 29 August 2017. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20131125230339/http://esk.rks-gov.net/rekos2011/?cid=1,92. 25 November 2013.
  8. http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/article/kosovo-s-birth-rate-falling-but-still-high Kosovo's Birth Rate Falling but Still High
  9. Web site: Agjencia e Statistikave të Kosovës. Esk.rks-gov.net. 2017-08-29. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20131102015708/http://esk.rks-gov.net/rekos2011/repository/flipbook/2/Final%20Results_ENG/#/143. 2 November 2013.
  10. News: ECMI: Minority figures in Kosovo census to be used with reservations. Infoecmi.eu. 2017-08-29. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20170528122213/http://www.infoecmi.eu/index.php/ecmi-minority-figures-in-kosovo-census-to-be-used-with-reservations/. 28 May 2017.
  11. Web site: Agjencia e Statistikave të Kosovës -. esk.rks-gov.net. 29 August 2017. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20131102015708/http://esk.rks-gov.net/rekos2011/repository/flipbook/2/Final%20Results_ENG/#/144. 2 November 2013.
  12. Web site: Kosovo agency of statistics/Figures/Population . 9 January 2020 . 18 September 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20150918210040/https://askdata.rks-gov.net/PXWeb/pxweb/en/askdata/ . ask.rks-gov.net . dead .
  13. Web site: Eurostat database. ec.europa.eu.
  14. Web site: Kosovo Agency of Statistics. ask.rks-gov.net. 17 May 2021. 28 September 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210928223034/https://ask.rks-gov.net/en/kosovo-agency-of-statistics. dead.
  15. Web site: Demographic changes of the Kosovo population 1948–2006. ask.rks-gov.net. 14 March 2020. 25 August 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210825151058/https://ask.rks-gov.net/media/1835/demographic-changes-of-the-kosovo-population-1948-2006.pdf. dead.
  16. Web site: Statistical Yearbook of the Republic of Kosovo, 2019. ask.rks-gov.net. 9 January 2020. 24 August 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210824071742/https://ask.rks-gov.net/media/5082/vjetari-2019_ang-final.pdf. dead.
  17. Web site: Birth Statistics in Kosovo, 2019. ask.rks-gov.net. 12 June 2020. 25 June 2020. 5 August 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200805065627/https://ask.rks-gov.net/sq/agjencia-e-statistikave-te-kosoves/add-news/statistikat-e-lindjeve-2019. dead.
  18. Web site: Death Statistics in Kosovo, 2019. ask.rks-gov.net. 25 June 2020. 25 June 2020. 27 January 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210127194213/https://ask.rks-gov.net/sq/agjencia-e-statistikave-te-kosoves/add-news/statistikat-e-vdekjeve-2019. dead.
  19. Web site: Birth Statistics in Kosovo, 2020. ask.rks-gov.net. 18 December 2021. 18 December 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211218035506/https://ask.rks-gov.net/media/6531/lindjet-2020.pdf. dead.
  20. Web site: Death Statistics in Kosovo, 2020. ask.rks-gov.net. 18 December 2021. 18 December 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20211218035504/https://ask.rks-gov.net/media/6537/vdekjet-2020.pdf. dead.
  21. Web site: Birth Statistics in Kosovo, 2021. ask.rks-gov.net. 30 June 2022. 30 June 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220630113337/https://ask.rks-gov.net/media/6874/lindjet-2021.pdf. dead.
  22. Web site: Death Statistics in Kosovo, 2021. ask.rks-gov.net. 30 June 2022. 6 August 2022. https://web.archive.org/web/20220806114405/https://ask.rks-gov.net/media/6875/statistikat-e-vdekjeve-2021.pdf. dead.
  23. Web site: Quarterly Bulletin. ask.rks-gov.net. 8 January 2020. 29 January 2020. https://web.archive.org/web/20200129100655/https://ask.rks-gov.net/en/kosovo-agency-of-statistics/general-statistics/quarterly-bulletin. dead.
  24. Web site: Monthly Bulletin. ask.rks-gov.net. 19 March 2021. 11 April 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210411151430/https://ask.rks-gov.net/sq/agjencia-e-statistikave-te-kosoves/sociale/demografia-dhe-migracioni. dead.
  25. Web site: Births by the place where the birth took place and the permanent place of the mother in the municipality. askdata.rks-gov.net.
  26. Web site: Deaths by place of death and place of permanents residence in the municipality. askdata.rks-gov.net.
  27. Web site: CIA- The World Factbook. Cia.gov. 24 February 2013. https://web.archive.org/web/20110927165947/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html. 27 September 2011.
  28. Web site: People on Move,pg.20. Esk.rks-gov.net. 24 February 2013. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20130410035546/http://esk.rks-gov.net/rekos2011/repository/flipbook/1/Te%20dhenat%20kryesore_ALB/. 10 April 2013.
  29. Web site: BBC News – World – Kosovo Albanians: Who's left?. News.bbc.co.uk. 29 August 2017. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20061222070140/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/336728.stm. 22 December 2006.
  30. Web site: Coordination Centre of Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and Republic of Serbia for Kosovo and Metohija . 2008-02-23 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120427211140/http://www.srbija.gov.rs/coordination_centre/index.html . 27 April 2012.
  31. [UNHCR]
  32. Web site: USCR: Country Information: Yugoslavia. 29 October 2004. 29 August 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20041029061224/http://www.refugees.org/world/countryrpt/europe/yugoslavia.htm. 29 October 2004.
  33. Web site: Language in Kosovo . https://web.archive.org/web/20150217192027/http://census.rks-gov.net/istarMDAS/MD/dawinciMD.jsp?a1=yC&a2=_B2&n=1UR90600V701U&o=&v=1UR060P600V70000000&p=0&sp=null&l=0&exp=0 . 2015-02-17 . Kosovo Agency of Statistics .
  34. Web site: Health 2009. Esk.rks-gov.net. 24 February 2013. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20131102015832/https://esk.rks-gov.net/ENG/health/publications. 2 November 2013.
  35. Web site: The World: Net Migrants per 1000 (2015). GEOBA.se. 2017-08-29. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20170829203122/http://www.geoba.se/population.php?pc=world&type=014&page=2. 29 August 2017.
  36. Book: Perritt, Henry H. Jr.. The Road to Independence for Kosovo: A Chronicle of the Ahtisaari Plan. 28 September 2009. Cambridge University Press. 9781139479431. Google Books.
  37. Book: Legislating for Equality: A Multinational Collection of Non-Discrimination Norms. Volume I: Europe. Talia. Naamat. Dina. Porat. Nina. Osin. 19 July 2012. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. 978-9004226128. Google Books.
  38. News: Kosovo Census to Start Without the North . Petrit Collaku . . 29 March 2011 . 17 December 2017.
  39. News: Kosovo Police Stop 'Illegal' Serb Census Attempts . Perparim Isufi . Balkan Insight . 14 September 2017 . 17 December 2017.
  40. Web site: Kosovo Population and Housing Census 2011 – Final Results: Quality Report. 2011. unstats.un.org. United Nations Statistics Division. 17 December 2017. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20161102094721/http://unstats.un.org/unsd/censuskb20/KnowledgebaseArticle10700.aspx. 2 November 2016.
  41. Web site: The influence of Sufi Islam in the Balkans. Euobserver.com. December 2010 . 2017-08-29. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20171010131437/https://euobserver.com/news/31390. 10 October 2017.