Cyclospora Explained

Cyclospora should not be confused with cyclosporin.

Cyclospora is a genus of apicomplexan parasites. It includes the species Cyclospora cayetanensis, the causative agent of cyclosporiasis.[1] Members of Cyclospora are characterized as having oocysts with two sporocysts, each containing two sporozoites.[2]

Species

Several Cyclospora species have been described in various mammals including:[2]

A smaller number of species have been described from reptiles, arthropods, and snakes:[2]

Taxonomy and evolution

Cyclospora are eukaryotes in the phylum Apicomplexa.[3] Within the Apicomplexa, Cyclospora belong to the sub-class Coccidia and family Eimeriidae.

Taxonomy of the coccidia is based upon morphological descriptions of observed parasites, and therefore does not always reflect evolutionary relationships.[3] Genetic studies of the well-conserved SSU rRNA from various specimens has suggested that parasites in Cyclospora may be more closely related to some species of Eimeria that infect birds than the rest of the genus Eimeria is.[3] [4] Relationships among various coccidia estimated for SSU rRNA sequences are shown in the cladogram below:[4]

History

The genus Cyclospora was created in 1881 to describe a parasite found in a millipede of the genus Glomeris.[5]

Notes and References

  1. http://www.k-state.edu/parasitology/cyclospora/cyclospora.html Kansas State University - Parasitology - Cyclospora cayetanensis
  2. Web site: The Coccidian Genus Cyclospora . Duszynski DW, Upton SJ, Couch L . 1998 . https://web.archive.org/web/20100621075737/http://biology.unm.edu/biology/coccidia/cyclo.html . 21 June 2010.
  3. Web site: Coccidia, Leuckart 1897 . 18 July 2018 . Slapeta J, Morin-Adeline V . Tree of Life Web Project . 2011.
  4. The current status of the small subunit rRNA phylogeny of the coccidia (Sporozoa) . Morrison DA, Bornstein S, Thebo P, Wernery U, Kinne J, Mattsson JG . International Journal for Parasitology . 34 . 4 . 2004 . 501–514 . 10.1016/j.ijpara.2003.11.006 . 15013740.
  5. Emerging pathogens: Isospora, Cyclospora, and microsporidia . Curry A, Smith HV . Parasitology . 1998 . 117 . S143-S159 . 10.1017/S0031182099004904 .