Cyclin B2 Explained

G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCNB2 gene.

Function

Cyclin B2 is a member of the cyclin family, specifically the B-type cyclins. The B-type cyclins, B1 and B2, associate with p34cdc2 and are essential components of the cell cycle regulatory machinery. B1 and B2 differ in their subcellular localization. Cyclin B1 co-localizes with microtubules, whereas cyclin B2 is primarily associated with the Golgi region. Cyclin B2 also binds to transforming growth factor beta RII and thus cyclin B2/cdc2 may play a key role in transforming growth factor beta-mediated cell cycle control.^[1]

Interactions

Cyclin B2 has been shown to interact with TGF beta receptor 2.^[2]

See also

• Cyclin B

Further reading

• He J, Choe S, Walker R, Di Marzio P, Morgan DO, Landau NR . Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 viral protein R (Vpr) arrests cells in the G2 phase of the cell cycle by inhibiting p34cdc2 activity . J. Virol. . 69 . 11 . 6705–11 . 1995 . 10.1128/JVI.69.11.6705-6711.1995 . 7474080 . 189580 .
• Re F, Braaten D, Franke EK, Luban J . Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr arrests the cell cycle in G2 by inhibiting the activation of p34cdc2-cyclin B . J. Virol. . 69 . 11 . 6859–64 . 1995 . 10.1128/JVI.69.11.6859-6864.1995 . 7474100 . 189600 .
• Di Marzio P, Choe S, Ebright M, Knoblauch R, Landau NR . Mutational analysis of cell cycle arrest, nuclear localization and virion packaging of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr . J. Virol. . 69 . 12 . 7909–16 . 1995 . 10.1128/JVI.69.12.7909-7916.1995 . 7494303 . 189735 .
• Jowett JB, Planelles V, Poon B, Shah NP, Chen ML, Chen IS . The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 vpr gene arrests infected T cells in the G2 + M phase of the cell cycle . J. Virol. . 69 . 10 . 6304–13 . 1995 . 10.1128/JVI.69.10.6304-6313.1995 . 7666531 . 189529 .
• Jackman M, Firth M, Pines J . Human cyclins B1 and B2 are localized to strikingly different structures: B1 to microtubules, B2 primarily to the Golgi apparatus . EMBO J. . 14 . 8 . 1646–54 . 1995 . 7737117 . 398257 . 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1995.tb07153.x.
• Pines J, Hunter T . The differential localization of human cyclins A and B is due to a cytoplasmic retention signal in cyclin B . EMBO J. . 13 . 16 . 3772–81 . 1994 . 8070405 . 395290 . 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1994.tb06688.x.
• Maruyama K, Sugano S . Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides . Gene . 138 . 1–2 . 171–4 . 1994 . 8125298 . 10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8 .
• Poon B, Jowett JB, Stewart SA, Armstrong RW, Rishton GM, Chen IS . Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 vpr gene induces phenotypic effects similar to those of the DNA alkylating agent, nitrogen mustard . J. Virol. . 71 . 5 . 3961–71 . 1997 . 10.1128/JVI.71.5.3961-3971.1997 . 9094673 . 191548 .
• Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, Suyama A, Sugano S . Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library . Gene . 200 . 1–2 . 149–56 . 1997 . 9373149 . 10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3 .
• Mahalingam S, Ayyavoo V, Patel M, Kieber-Emmons T, Kao GD, Muschel RJ, Weiner DB . HIV-1 Vpr interacts with a human 34-kDa mov34 homologue, a cellular factor linked to the G2/M phase transition of the mammalian cell cycle . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 95 . 7 . 3419–24 . 1998 . 9520381 . 19851 . 10.1073/pnas.95.7.3419 . 1998PNAS...95.3419M . free .
• Brandeis M, Rosewell I, Carrington M, Crompton T, Jacobs MA, Kirk J, Gannon J, Hunt T . Cyclin B2-null mice develop normally and are fertile whereas cyclin B1-null mice die in utero . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 95 . 8 . 4344–9 . 1998 . 9539739 . 22491 . 10.1073/pnas.95.8.4344 . 1998PNAS...95.4344B . free .
• Felzien LK, Woffendin C, Hottiger MO, Subbramanian RA, Cohen EA, Nabel GJ . HIV transcriptional activation by the accessory protein, VPR, is mediated by the p300 co-activator . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. . 95 . 9 . 5281–6 . 1998 . 9560267 . 20252 . 10.1073/pnas.95.9.5281 . 1998PNAS...95.5281F . free .
• Liu JH, Wei S, Burnette PK, Gamero AM, Hutton M, Djeu JY . Functional association of TGF-beta receptor II with cyclin B . Oncogene . 18 . 1 . 269–75 . 1999 . 9926943 . 10.1038/sj.onc.1202263 . free .
• Elder RT, Yu M, Chen M, Edelson S, Zhao Y . Cell cycle G2 arrest induced by HIV-1 Vpr in fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe) is independent of cell death and early genes in the DNA damage checkpoint . Virus Res. . 68 . 2 . 161–73 . 2000 . 10958988 . 10.1016/S0168-1702(00)00167-2 .
• Hartley JL, Temple GF, Brasch MA . DNA cloning using in vitro site-specific recombination . Genome Res. . 10 . 11 . 1788–95 . 2000 . 11076863 . 310948 . 10.1101/gr.143000 .
• Wiemann S, Weil B, Wellenreuther R, Gassenhuber J, Glassl S, Ansorge W, Böcher M, Blöcker H, Bauersachs S, Blum H, Lauber J, Düsterhöft A, Beyer A, Köhrer K, Strack N, Mewes HW, Ottenwälder B, Obermaier B, Tampe J, Heubner D, Wambutt R, Korn B, Klein M, Poustka A . Toward a catalog of human genes and proteins: sequencing and analysis of 500 novel complete protein coding human cDNAs . Genome Res. . 11 . 3 . 422–35 . 2001 . 11230166 . 311072 . 10.1101/gr.GR1547R .
• Simpson JC, Wellenreuther R, Poustka A, Pepperkok R, Wiemann S . Systematic subcellular localization of novel proteins identified by large-scale cDNA sequencing . EMBO Rep. . 1 . 3 . 287–92 . 2000 . 11256614 . 1083732 . 10.1093/embo-reports/kvd058 .
• Elder RT, Yu M, Chen M, Zhu X, Yanagida M, Zhao Y . HIV-1 Vpr induces cell cycle G2 arrest in fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe) through a pathway involving regulatory and catalytic subunits of PP2A and acting on both Wee1 and Cdc25 . Virology . 287 . 2 . 359–70 . 2001 . 11531413 . 10.1006/viro.2001.1007 . free .
• Mouland AJ, Coady M, Yao XJ, Cohen EA . Hypophosphorylation of poly(A) polymerase and increased polyadenylation activity are associated with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr expression . Virology . 292 . 2 . 321–30 . 2002 . 11878934 . 10.1006/viro.2001.1261 . free .

Notes and References

1. Web site: Entrez Gene: CCNB2 cyclin B2.
2. Liu JH, Wei S, Burnette PK, Gamero AM, Hutton M, Djeu JY . Functional association of TGF-beta receptor II with cyclin B . Oncogene . 18 . 1 . 269–75 . Jan 1999 . 9926943 . 10.1038/sj.onc.1202263 . free .