Craigslist Explained

Craigslist Inc.
Founder:Craig Newmark
Services:Web communications
Revenue:US$660M [1]
Advertising:None
Registration:Optional[2]
Language:English, French, German, Dutch, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese
Company Type:Private
Foundation: (incorporated 1999)
Location City:San Francisco, California
Location Country:U.S.[3]
Area Served:570 cities in 70 countries
Key People:Jim Buckmaster (CEO)
Num Employees:50 (2017)
Programming Language:Perl[4]
Website Type:Classifieds, forums
Current Status:Active

Craigslist (stylized as craigslist) is a privately held American company[5] operating a classified advertisements website with sections devoted to jobs, housing, for sale, items wanted, services, community service, gigs, résumés, and discussion forums.

Craig Newmark began the service in 1995 as an email distribution list to friends, featuring local events in the San Francisco Bay Area. It became a web-based service in 1996 and expanded into other classified categories. It started expanding to other U.S. and Canadian cities in 2000 and now covers 70 countries.

History

Having observed people helping one another in friendly, social, and trusting communal ways on the Internet via the WELL, MindVox and Usenet, and feeling isolated as a relative newcomer to San Francisco, Craigslist founder Craig Newmark decided to create something similar for local events.[6] [7] In early 1995, he began an email distribution list to friends. Most of the early postings were submitted by Newmark and were notices of social events of interest to software and Internet developers living and working in the San Francisco Bay Area.

The number of subscribers and postings grew rapidly via manual advertising. There was no moderation and Newmark was surprised when people started using the mailing list for non-event postings.[8] People trying to get technical positions filled found that the list was a good way to reach people with the skills they were looking for. This led to the addition of a jobs category. User demand for more categories caused the list of categories to grow. The initial technology encountered some limits, so by Majordomo had been installed, and the mailing list "Craigslist" resumed operations. Community members started asking for a web interface. Newmark registered "craigslist.org", and the website went live in 1996.[8]

In the fall of 1998, the name "List Foundation" was introduced, and Craigslist started transitioning to the use of this name. In, when Newmark learned of other organizations called "List Foundation", the use of this name was dropped. Craigslist was incorporated as a private for-profit company in 1999.[6] Around the time of these events, Newmark realized the site was growing so fast that he could stop working as a software engineer and devote his full attention to running Craigslist. By, nine employees were working out of Newmark's San Francisco apartment.[9]

In January 2000, current CEO Jim Buckmaster joined the company as lead programmer and CTO. Buckmaster contributed to the site's multi-city architecture, search engine, discussion forums, flagging system, self-posting process, homepage design, personals categories, and best-of-Craigslist feature. He was promoted to CEO in .[10]

The website expanded into nine more U.S. cities in 2000, four in 2001 and 2002, and 14 in 2003. On August 1, 2004, Craigslist began charging $25 to post job openings on the New York and Los Angeles pages. On the same day, a new section called "Gigs" was added, where low-cost and unpaid jobs can be posted for free.

In March 2008, Spanish, French, Italian, German, and Portuguese became the first non-English languages Craigslist supported.[11] As of August 9, 2012, over 700 cities and areas in 70 countries had Craigslist sites.[12] Some Craigslist sites cover large regions instead of individual metropolitan areas—for example, the U.S. states of Delaware and Wyoming, the Colorado Western Slope, the California Gold Country, and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan.[13] Craigslist sites for some large cities, such as Los Angeles, also include the ability for the user to focus on a specific area of a city (such as central Los Angeles).

Operations

The site serves more than 20 billion[14] page views per month, putting it in 72nd place overall among websites worldwide and 11th place overall among websites in the United States (per Alexa.com on, 2016), with more than unique monthly visitors in the United States alone (per Compete.com on, 2010). With more than new classified advertisements each month, Craigslist is the leading classifieds service in any medium.

Back in 2009, the site received more than new job listings each month, making it one of the top job boards in the world.[15] [16] The 23 largest U.S. cities listed on the Craigslist home page collectively receive more than 300,000 postings per day just in the "for sale" and "housing" sections as of October 2011.[17] The classified advertisements range from traditional buy/sell ads and community announcements to personal ads.

In 2009, Craigslist operated with a staff of 28 people.[18]

Financials and ownership

In December 2006, at the UBS Global Media Conference in New York, Craigslist CEO Jim Buckmaster told Wall Street analysts that Craigslist had little interest in maximizing profit, and instead preferred to help users find cars, apartments, jobs and dates.[19] [20]

Craigslist's main source of revenue is paid job ads in select American cities. The company does not formally disclose financial or ownership information. Analysts and commentators have reported varying figures for its annual revenue, ranging from $10 million in 2004, $20 million in 2005, and in 2006 to possibly in 2007.[21] [22] [23] Fortune has described their revenue model as "quasi-socialist", citing their focus on features for users regardless of profitability. Eric Baker of StubHub has described the site as a "potential gold mine of revenue if only it would abandon its communist manifesto."

On August 13, 2004, Newmark announced on his blog that auction giant eBay had purchased a 25% stake in the company from a former employee.[24] Some fans of Craigslist expressed concern that this development would affect the site's longtime non-commercial nature., there have been no substantive changes to the usefulness or the non-advertising nature of the site; neither banner ads, nor charges for a few services provided to businesses.

The company was believed to be owned principally by Newmark, Buckmaster, and eBay (the three board members). eBay owned approximately 25%, and Newmark is believed to own the largest stake.[13] [23] [25]

In April 2008, eBay announced it was suing Craigslist to "safeguard its four-year financial investment". eBay claimed that in, Craigslist executives took actions that "unfairly diluted eBay's economic interest by more than 10%".[26] Craigslist filed a counter-suit in to "remedy the substantial and ongoing harm to fair competition" that Craigslist claimed was constituted by eBay's actions as Craigslist shareholders; the company claimed that it had used its minority stake to gain access to confidential information, which it then used as part of its competing service Kijiji.[27]

On June 19, 2015, eBay Inc. announced that it would divest its stake back to Craigslist for an undisclosed amount, and settle its litigation with the company. The move came shortly before eBay's planned spin-off of PayPal, and an effort to divest other units to focus on its core business.[28]

The Swedish luxury marketplace website Jameslist.com received a lawsuit filed on July 11, 2012,[29] which among unspecified damages also asked for a complete shutdown of Jameslist.com [30] As a consequence, the young company was forced to rename to JamesEdition.

Content policies

As of 2012, mashup sites such as padmapper.com and housingmaps.com were overlaying Craigslist data with Google Maps and adding their own search filters to improve usability. In June 2012, Craigslist changed its terms of service to disallow the practice. In July 2012, Craigslist filed a lawsuit against padmapper.com.[31] Following the shutdown of Padmapper.com, some users complained that the service was useful to them and therefore should have remained intact.[32]

App

In December 2019, Craigslist introduced a platform for iOS and a beta version on Android.[33]

Site characteristics

Personals

Over the years Craigslist had become a very popular online destination for arranging for dates and sex.[34] [35] [36] [37] [38] The personals section allows for postings that are for "strictly platonic", "dating/romance", and "casual encounters".[34] [35] [37] [38]

The site was considered particularly useful by lesbians and gay men seeking to make connections, because of the service's free and open nature and because of the difficulty of otherwise finding each other in more conservative areas.[39]

In 2005, San Francisco Craigslist's men seeking men section was attributed to facilitating sexual encounters and was the second most common correlation to syphilis infections.[39] The company has been pressured by San Francisco Department of Public Health officials, prompting Jim Buckmaster to state that the site has a very small staff and that the public "must police themselves".[39] The site has, however, added links to San Francisco City Clinic and STD forums.[39]

On March 22, 2018, Craigslist discontinued its "Personals" section in the United States in response to the passing of the Stop Enabling Sex Traffickers Act (SESTA), which removes Section 230 safe harbours for interactive services knowingly involved in illegal sex trafficking. The service stated that

US Congress just passed HR 1865, 'FOSTA', seeking to subject websites to criminal and civil liability when third parties (users) misuse online personals unlawfully. Any tool or service can be misused. We can't take such risk without jeopardizing all our other services, so we are regretfully taking craigslist personals offline. To the millions of spouses, partners, and couples who met through craigslist, we wish you every happiness![40]

Adult services controversy

Advertisements for "adult" (previously "erotic") services were initially given special treatment, then closed entirely on, 2010, following a controversy over claims by state attorneys general that the advertisements promoted prostitution.[41] [42]

In 2002, a disclaimer was put on the "men seeking men", "casual encounters", "erotic services", and "rants and raves" boards to ensure that those who clicked on these sections were over the age of 18, but no disclaimer was put on the "men seeking women", "women seeking men" or "women seeking women" boards. As a response to charges of sex discrimination and negative stereotyping, Buckmaster explained that the company's policy is a response to user feedback requesting the warning on the more sexually explicit sections, including "men seeking men".[43]

On May 13, 2009, Craigslist announced that it would close the erotic services section, replacing it with an adult services section to be reviewed by Craigslist employees. This decision came after allegations by several U.S. states that the erotic services ads were being used for prostitution.[44]

On September 4, 2010, Craigslist closed the adult services section of its website in the United States. The site initially replaced the adult services page link with the word "censored" in white-on-black text. The site received criticism and complaints from attorneys general that the section's ads were facilitating prostitution and child sex trafficking.[45] [46]

The adult services section link was still active in countries outside of the U.S.[47] Matt Zimmerman, senior staff attorney for the Electronic Frontier Foundation, said, "Craigslist isn't legally culpable for these posts, but the public pressure has increased and Craigslist is a small company." Brian Carver, attorney and assistant professor at UC Berkeley, said that legal threats could have a chilling effect on online expression. "If you impose liability on Craigslist, YouTube and Facebook for anything their users do, then they're not going to take chances. It would likely result in the takedown of what might otherwise be perfectly legitimate free expression."[48]

On, 2010, the "censored" label and its dead link to adult services were completely removed.[49] [50]

Craigslist announced on September 15, 2010, that it had closed its adult services in the United States; however, it defended its right to carry such ads. Free speech and some sex crime victim advocates criticized the removal of the section, saying that it threatened free speech and that it diminished law enforcement's ability to track criminals. However, the removal was applauded by many state attorneys general and some other groups fighting sex crimes. Craigslist said that there is some indication that those who posted ads in the adult services section are posting elsewhere. Sex ads had cost $10 initially and it was estimated they would have brought in $44 million in 2010 had they continued.[51] [52] In the four months following the closure, monthly revenue from sex ads on six other sites (primarily Backpage) increased from $2.1 to $3.1 million, partly due to price increases.[53]

The company has tried to fight prostitution and sex trafficking, and in 2015, Craig Newmark received an award from the FBI for cooperation with law enforcement to fight human trafficking.[54] [55] [56] [57] [58]

On, 2010, after pressure from Ottawa and several provinces, Craigslist closed 'Erotic Services' and 'Adult Gigs' from its Canadian website, even though prostitution was not itself illegal in Canada at the time.[59]

When the Fight Online Sex Trafficking Act was signed into law on April 11, 2018, Craigslist chose to close its "Personals" section within all US domains to avoid civil lawsuits.[60] About their decision, Craigslist stated "Any tool or service can be misused. We can't take such risk without jeopardizing all our other services."[61] [62]

Flagging

Craigslist has a user flagging system to report illegal and inappropriate postings.

Flagging does not require account login or registration, and can be done anonymously by anyone.[63] Postings are subject to automated removal when a certain number of users flag them. The number of flags required for a posting's removal is dynamically variable and remains unknown to all but Craigslist staff.[63] Some users allege that flagging may also occur as acts of vandalism by groups of individuals at different ISPs, but no evidence of this has ever been shown. Flagging can also alert Craigslist staff to blocks of ads requiring manual oversight or removal.[63] [64]

Flagging is also done by Craigslist itself (Craigslist's automated systems) and the posts will never appear on the search results.[65]

Bartering

Craigslist includes a barter option in its "for sale" section. This growing trade economy has been documented on the television program Barter Kings and the blog one red paperclip.[66] [67]

Criticism

In July 2005, the San Francisco Chronicle criticized Craigslist for allowing ads from dog breeders, stating that this could encourage the over-breeding and irresponsible selling of pit bulls in the Bay Area.[68] According to Craigslist's terms of service, the sale of pets is prohibited, though re-homing with small adoption fees is acceptable.[69]

In January 2006, the San Francisco Bay Guardian published an editorial claiming that Craigslist could threaten the business of local alternative newspapers.[70]

L. Gordon Crovitz, writing for The Wall Street Journal, criticized the company for using lawsuits "to prevent anyone from doing to it what it did to newspapers", contrary to the spirit of the website, which bills itself in a "noncommercial nature, public service mission, and noncorporate culture".[71] This article was a reaction to lawsuits from Craigslist, which Crovitz says were intended to prevent competition. Craigslist filed a trademark lawsuit against the Swedish luxury marketplace website Jameslist.com on July 11, 2012,[72] forcing the company to rename to JamesEdition.

In 2012, Craigslist sued PadMapper, a site that hoped to improve the user interface for browsing housing ads, and 3Taps, a company that helped PadMapper obtain data from Craigslist, in Craigslist v. 3Taps. This led users to criticize Craigslist for trying to shut down a service that was useful to them.[32]

Nonprofit foundation

In 2001, the company started the Craigslist Foundation,[73] a § 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization that offered free and low-cost events and online resources to promote community building at all levels. It accepts charitable donations, and rather than directly funding organizations, it produces "face-to-face events and offers online resources to help grassroots organizations get off the ground and contribute real value to the community".

In 2012, the Craigslist Foundation closed, with charity work moving to support charitable funds.[74]

In popular culture

Films

Television

Theatre

Songs

Media

See also

Further reading

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Annual revenue of classified website Craigslist from 2018 to 2021 . Yltaevae . L. . November 30, 2022 . statista . April 1, 2023 . April 1, 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230401223809/https://www.statista.com/statistics/1337173/craigslist-revenue/ . live.
  2. News: Why Does a Person Need a Craigslist Account? . Jay Leon . Small Business - Chron.com . Chron . September 18, 2018 . September 19, 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180919132237/https://smallbusiness.chron.com/person-need-craigslist-account-26591.html . live .
  3. Web site: May 8, 2008. craigslist – Company Overview. Hoover's. January 12, 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150112152331/http://www.hoovers.com/craigslist/--ID__129617--/free-co-factsheet.xhtml. live.
  4. Web site: Top 40 Website Programming Languages . roadchap.com . Roger Chapman . September 6, 2011 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110927184557/http://rogchap.com/2011/09/06/top-40-website-programming-languages/ . September 27, 2011 .
  5. News: Salinas . Sara . January 24, 2019 . Craigslist is raking in $1 billion a year, according to one researcher's estimates . CNBC . Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey . April 1, 2023 . September 28, 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220928193158/https://www.cnbc.com/2019/01/24/craigslist-posts-annual-revenue-of-1-billion-study.html . live.
  6. Web site: about > factsheet . craigslist . November 29, 2010 . July 30, 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120805110958/http://www.craigslist.org/about/factsheet . August 5, 2012 . dead .
  7. News: November 15, 2011. On The Record: Craig Newmark. San Francisco Chronicle. August 14, 2004. December 25, 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20111225090728/http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=%2Fc%2Fa%2F2004%2F08%2F15%2FNEWMARK.TMP&ao=all. dead.
  8. News: Everything You Ever Wanted to Know About Craig From Craigslist. Boulton. Terynn. Gizmodo. February 20, 2017. en-US. February 21, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170221012049/http://gizmodo.com/everything-you-ever-wanted-to-know-about-craig-from-cra-1262446153. live.
  9. Web site: Archived page from Craigslist's About Us . April 19, 2000 . February 8, 2007 . https://web.archive.org/web/20000620192058/http://craigslist.org/aboutus.html . June 20, 2000.
  10. Web site: Jim Buckmaster—CEO & programmer . September 6, 2007 . https://web.archive.org/web/20070630145737/http://www.craigslist.org/about/management.html . June 30, 2007.
  11. Web site: Craig Newmark . Craig Newmark . March 27, 2008 . Multiple language support on Craigslist . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20081005220720/http://www.cnewmark.com/2008/03/multiple-langua.html . October 5, 2008 . September 13, 2008 . cnewmark . mdy-all.
  12. Web site: about > factsheet . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120805110958/http://www.craigslist.org/about/factsheet . August 5, 2012 . August 9, 2012 . craigslist.org.
  13. Web site: August 21, 2009 . about > expansion . July 30, 2011 . craigslist . July 28, 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110728002020/http://www.craigslist.org/about/expansion . live .
  14. News: Craigslist Statistics. September 14, 2016. Statistic Brain. February 20, 2017. en-US. February 21, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170221005554/http://www.statisticbrain.com/craigslist-statistics/. live.
  15. Web site: Selling items online . Lenhart, Amanda . Shermak, Jeremy . November 2005 . . September 6, 2007 . https://web.archive.org/web/20070714052427/http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_SellingOnline_Nov05.pdf . July 14, 2007.
  16. Web site: craigslist fact sheet . craigslist.org . https://web.archive.org/web/20090201235302/http://www.craigslist.org/about/pr/factsheet . February 1, 2009.
  17. Web site: Craigslist Tracker Overall Stats. October 29, 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20120316071959/http://www.cltracker.net/overall/. March 16, 2012. dead.
  18. News: April 7, 2009. Can small businesses help win the war?. USA Today. January 2, 2007. Del. Jones. February 13, 2009. https://web.archive.org/web/20090213142939/http://www.usatoday.com/money/2007-01-02-terror-war-business-usat_x.htm. live.
  19. Web site: November 30, 2016 . Just An Online Minute ... Stunning Wall Street, Shunning Profits . MediaPost . December 7, 2006 . Davis . Wendy . December 1, 2016 . https://web.archive.org/web/20161201015928/http://www.mediapost.com/publications/article/52242/just-an-online-minute-stunning-wall-street-shu.html . live .
  20. News: May 9, 2013. Newspaper Killer. Forbes. December 11, 2006. Hau, Louis. September 9, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170909054652/https://www.forbes.com/2006/12/08/newspaper-classifield-online-tech_cx-lh_1211craigslist.html. live.
  21. News: Burning Sensation . . August 22, 2007 . Lashinsky, Adam . December 12, 2005 . December 10, 2007 . https://web.archive.org/web/20071210011718/http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/2005/12/12/8363113/index.htm . live .
  22. http://www.opinionjournal.com/editorial/feature.html?id=110008531 "Zen and the Art of Classified Advertising: Craigslist could make $500 million a year. Why not?"
  23. Web site: Owen Thomas . Craig Newmark, filthy rich on eBay's millions . Gawker.com . July 26, 2007 . July 30, 2011 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110827133025/http://gawker.com/valleywag/tech/mythbusting/craig-newmark-filthy-rich-on-ebays-millions-283002.php . August 27, 2011 .
  24. Web site: craigblog. https://web.archive.org/web/20040813165340/http://www.cnewmark.com/archives/000265.html. August 13, 2004.
  25. News: . Craigslist grapples with competitor on board . Sandoval, Greg . July 3, 2007 . August 22, 2007 . August 10, 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110810033609/http://news.cnet.com/2100-1024_3-6194872.html . live .
  26. News: May 8, 2008 . EBay sues Craigslist ad website . BBC . April 23, 2008 . August 12, 2010 . https://web.archive.org/web/20100812172840/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7362221.stm . live .
  27. News: May 13, 2008 . Craigslist strikes back at eBay . BBC . May 13, 2008 . September 16, 2009 . https://web.archive.org/web/20090916224915/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7399720.stm . live .
  28. News: EBay Divests Craigslist Stake, Ends Litigation. June 20, 2015. The Wall Street Journal. June 20, 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150620022758/http://www.wsj.com/articles/ebay-sells-craigslist-stake-back-to-craigslist-1434730678. live.
  29. News: CraigsList sues JamesList, the "Craigslist for the rich". Sherbert. Erin. July 12, 2012. San Francisco Weekly. June 29, 2016. September 11, 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150911152223/http://www.sfweekly.com/thesnitch/2012/07/12/craigslist-sues-jameslist-for-obvious-reasons. live.
  30. News: CraigsList sues JamesList, the "Craigslist for the rich". Allemann. Andrew. July 20, 2012. June 29, 2016. August 18, 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160818003356/http://domainnamewire.com/2012/07/20/craigslist-sues-jameslist/. live.
  31. Web site: Craigslist sues site that makes its apartment listings easier to find (Updated). Cyrus. Farivar. Ars Technica. July 24, 2012. June 14, 2017. September 2, 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170902002253/https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2012/07/craigslist-sues-padmapper-for-copyright-infringement/. live.
  32. Web site: Craigslist's Anti-Consumer Lawsuit Threatens to Break Internet Law. Goldman. Eric. Forbes. March 4, 2014. March 29, 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140329144319/http://www.forbes.com/sites/ericgoldman/2013/05/23/craigslists-anti-consumer-lawsuit-threatens-to-break-internet-law/. live.
  33. Web site: Craigslist, founded 24 years ago, is finally getting its first official app. Vincent. James. December 5, 2019. The Verge. en. December 5, 2019. December 5, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20191205130527/https://www.theverge.com/2019/12/5/20996731/craigslist-app-official-launched-ios-android-play-store. live.
  34. http://chicago.timeout.com/articles/sex-dating/79484/craigslist-hookups Craigslist hookups
  35. http://www.abc2news.com/dpp/news/national/college-student-to-launch-%27sex-hookup-site%27 College student to launch 'sex hookup site: It's safer than CraigList, and cheaper than bars
  36. http://www.theotherpaper.com/articles/2010/10/28/cover_story/doc4cc97ae6702ba326065179.txt Columbus Sex Survey
  37. [Paul LaRosa]
  38. https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs10461-009-9661-8 Risky Sex- and Drug-Seeking in a Probability Sample of Men-for-Men Online Bulletin Board Postings
  39. https://books.google.com/books?id=DGUEAAAAMBAJ&dq=San+Francisco+City+Clinic+-%22Webster%27s+Quotations%22&pg=PA69 The Hottest Spot Online – The explosively popular-and free-Craigslist attracts both gay men and lesbians by the thousands but the guys and gals aren't generally looking for the same things
  40. News: Craigslist Just Nuked Its Personal Ads Section Because of a Sex-Trafficking Bill. 2018-03-23. Motherboard. Vice. 2018-03-23. en-us. March 24, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180324041405/https://motherboard.vice.com/en_us/article/wj75ab/craigslist-personal-ads-sesta-fosta. live.
  41. News: Attorneys general call for Craigslist to get rid of adult services ads. CNN. August 26, 2010. August 26, 2010. August 28, 2010. https://web.archive.org/web/20100828191142/http://www.cnn.com/2010/CRIME/08/25/craigslist.adult.content/index.html?hpt=Mid. live.
  42. News: Craigslist Blocks Access to 'Adult Services' Pages . Claire Cain . Miller . September 4, 2010 . The New York Times . September 4, 2010 . May 20, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130520222920/http://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/05/technology/05craigs.html?_r=1&hp . live .
  43. Web site: Warning: men seeking men—Craigslist posts disclaimer for gay male personals . August 31, 2005 . . September 6, 2007 . https://web.archive.org/web/20070702115137/http://www.sovo.com/thelatest/thelatest.cfm?blog_id=2296 . July 2, 2007.
  44. News: Craigslist to Remove Category for Erotic Services . . May 13, 2009 . Brad . Stone . April 30, 2010 . August 30, 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110830130526/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/14/technology/companies/14craigslist.html . live .
  45. News: Adult services censored on Craigslist. CNN. September 5, 2010. September 5, 2010. November 9, 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20121109132459/http://www.cnn.com/2010/CRIME/09/04/craigslist.censored/index.html?hpt=T2. live.
  46. http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2010/09/04/BU841F8URH.DTL#ixzz0ykq1HJrf Craigslist removes ads for adult services
  47. News: Adult services censored on Craigslist. CNN. May 9, 2010. May 9, 2010. November 9, 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20121109132459/http://www.cnn.com/2010/CRIME/09/04/craigslist.censored/index.html?hpt=T2. live.
  48. http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2010/09/04/BU841F8URH.DTL#ixzz0ykq1HJrf Craigslist removes ads for adult services
  49. News: Craigslist Pulls 'Censored' Label From Sex Ads Area . Claire . Miller . September 9, 2010 . September 12, 2010 . The New York Times . September 12, 2010 . https://web.archive.org/web/20100912151204/http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/09/09/craigslist-pulls-censored-label-from-sex-ads-area/ . live .
  50. News: Craigslist removes 'censored' bar from site . Chris . Matyszczyk . September 8, 2010 . . September 12, 2010 . May 13, 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110513210259/http://news.cnet.com/8301-17852_3-20015915-71.html . dead .
  51. News: Craigslist Says It Has Shut Its Section for Sex Ads . Claire Cain . Miller . The New York Times . September 15, 2010 . September 17, 2010 . May 20, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130520225008/http://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/16/business/16craigslist.html?scp=2&sq=Craigslist&st=cse . live .
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