Contactin 1 Explained

Contactin 1 (CNTN1) is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CNTN1 gene.^{[1] [2]}

Function

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. It is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored neuronal membrane protein that functions as a cell adhesion molecule. It may play a role in the formation of axon connections in the developing nervous system. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene.

Interactions

CNTN1 has been shown to interact with PTPRB.^{[3] [4]}

Further reading

• Walsh FS, Doherty P . Glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchored recognition molecules that function in axonal fasciculation, growth and guidance in the nervous system . Cell Biology International Reports . 15 . 11 . 1151–66 . Nov 1991 . 1838307 . 10.1016/0309-1651(91)90061-M .
• Peles E, Schlessinger J, Grumet M . Multi-ligand interactions with receptor-like protein tyrosine phosphatase beta: implications for intercellular signaling . Trends in Biochemical Sciences . 23 . 4 . 121–4 . Apr 1998 . 9584610 . 10.1016/S0968-0004(98)01195-5 . free .
• Olive S, Dubois C, Schachner M, Rougon G . The F3 neuronal glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked molecule is localized to glycolipid-enriched membrane subdomains and interacts with L1 and fyn kinase in cerebellum . Journal of Neurochemistry . 65 . 5 . 2307–17 . Nov 1995 . 7595520 . 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1995.65052307.x . 39142478 .
• Peles E, Nativ M, Campbell PL, Sakurai T, Martinez R, Lev S, Clary DO, Schilling J, Barnea G, Plowman GD, Grumet M, Schlessinger J . The carbonic anhydrase domain of receptor tyrosine phosphatase beta is a functional ligand for the axonal cell recognition molecule contactin . Cell . 82 . 2 . 251–60 . Jul 1995 . 7628014 . 10.1016/0092-8674(95)90312-7 . 18084292 . free .
• Berglund EO, Ranscht B . Molecular cloning and in situ localization of the human contactin gene (CNTN1) on chromosome 12q11-q12 . Genomics . 21 . 3 . 571–82 . Jun 1994 . 7959734 . 10.1006/geno.1994.1316 .
• Reid RA, Bronson DD, Young KM, Hemperly JJ . Identification and characterization of the human cell adhesion molecule contactin . Brain Research. Molecular Brain Research . 21 . 1–2 . 1–8 . Jan 1994 . 8164510 . 10.1016/0169-328X(94)90372-7 .
• Yoshihara Y, Kawasaki M, Tamada A, Nagata S, Kagamiyama H, Mori K . Overlapping and differential expression of BIG-2, BIG-1, TAG-1, and F3: four members of an axon-associated cell adhesion molecule subgroup of the immunoglobulin superfamily . Journal of Neurobiology . 28 . 1 . 51–69 . Sep 1995 . 8586965 . 10.1002/neu.480280106 .
• Sakurai T, Lustig M, Nativ M, Hemperly JJ, Schlessinger J, Peles E, Grumet M . Induction of neurite outgrowth through contactin and Nr-CAM by extracellular regions of glial receptor tyrosine phosphatase beta . The Journal of Cell Biology . 136 . 4 . 907–18 . Feb 1997 . 9049255 . 2132488 . 10.1083/jcb.136.4.907 .
• Xiao ZC, Taylor J, Montag D, Rougon G, Schachner M . Distinct effects of recombinant tenascin-R domains in neuronal cell functions and identification of the domain interacting with the neuronal recognition molecule F3/11 . The European Journal of Neuroscience . 8 . 4 . 766–82 . Apr 1996 . 9081628 . 10.1111/j.1460-9568.1996.tb01262.x . 30389358 .
• Xiao ZC, Hillenbrand R, Schachner M, Thermes S, Rougon G, Gomez S . Signaling events following the interaction of the neuronal adhesion molecule F3 with the N-terminal domain of tenascin-R . Journal of Neuroscience Research . 49 . 6 . 698–709 . Sep 1997 . 9335257 . 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19970915)49:6<698::AID-JNR4>3.0.CO;2-2 . 10209383 .
• Pierre K, Rougon G, Allard M, Bonhomme R, Gennarini G, Poulain DA, Theodosis DT . Regulated expression of the cell adhesion glycoprotein F3 in adult hypothalamic magnocellular neurons . The Journal of Neuroscience . 18 . 14 . 5333–43 . Jul 1998 . 9651216 . 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.18-14-05333.1998. 6793479 .
• Revest JM, Faivre-Sarrailh C, Maeda N, Noda M, Schachner M, Rougon G . The interaction between F3 immunoglobulin domains and protein tyrosine phosphatases zeta/beta triggers bidirectional signalling between neurons and glial cells . The European Journal of Neuroscience . 11 . 4 . 1134–47 . Apr 1999 . 10103110 . 10.1046/j.1460-9568.1999.00521.x . 23803785 .
• Berglund EO, Murai KK, Fredette B, Sekerková G, Marturano B, Weber L, Mugnaini E, Ranscht B . Ataxia and abnormal cerebellar microorganization in mice with ablated contactin gene expression . Neuron . 24 . 3 . 739–50 . Nov 1999 . 10595523 . 10.1016/S0896-6273(00)81126-5 . 16663068 . free .
• Pierre K, Dupouy B, Allard M, Poulain DA, Theodosis DT . Mobilization of the cell adhesion glycoprotein F3/contactin to axonal surfaces is activity dependent . The European Journal of Neuroscience . 14 . 4 . 645–56 . Aug 2001 . 11556889 . 10.1046/j.0953-816x.2001.01682.x . 43151749 .
• Kazarinova-Noyes K, Malhotra JD, McEwen DP, Mattei LN, Berglund EO, Ranscht B, Levinson SR, Schachner M, Shrager P, Isom LL, Xiao ZC . Contactin associates with Na+ channels and increases their functional expression . The Journal of Neuroscience . 21 . 19 . 7517–25 . Oct 2001 . 11567041 . 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.21-19-07517.2001. 6762905 . free .
• Pavlou O, Theodorakis K, Falk J, Kutsche M, Schachner M, Faivre-Sarrailh C, Karagogeos D . Analysis of interactions of the adhesion molecule TAG-1 and its domains with other immunoglobulin superfamily members . Molecular and Cellular Neurosciences . 20 . 3 . 367–81 . Jul 2002 . 12139915 . 10.1006/mcne.2002.1105 . 714233 .
• Garwood J, Heck N, Reichardt F, Faissner A . Phosphacan short isoform, a novel non-proteoglycan variant of phosphacan/receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase-beta, interacts with neuronal receptors and promotes neurite outgrowth . The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 278 . 26 . 24164–73 . Jun 2003 . 12700241 . 10.1074/jbc.M211721200 . free .

Notes and References

1. Berglund EO, Ranscht B . Molecular cloning and in situ localization of the human contactin gene (CNTN1) on chromosome 12q11-q12 . Genomics . 21 . 3 . 571–82 . Jun 1994 . 7959734 . 10.1006/geno.1994.1316 .
2. Web site: Entrez Gene: CNTN1 contactin 1.
3. Sakurai T, Lustig M, Nativ M, Hemperly JJ, Schlessinger J, Peles E, Grumet M . Induction of neurite outgrowth through contactin and Nr-CAM by extracellular regions of glial receptor tyrosine phosphatase beta . The Journal of Cell Biology . 136 . 4 . 907–18 . Feb 1997 . 9049255 . 2132488 . 10.1083/jcb.136.4.907 .
4. Peles E, Nativ M, Campbell PL, Sakurai T, Martinez R, Lev S, Clary DO, Schilling J, Barnea G, Plowman GD, Grumet M, Schlessinger J . The carbonic anhydrase domain of receptor tyrosine phosphatase beta is a functional ligand for the axonal cell recognition molecule contactin . Cell . 82 . 2 . 251–60 . Jul 1995 . 7628014 . 10.1016/0092-8674(95)90312-7 . 18084292 . free .