List of additives in cigarettes explained
This is a list of 599 additives that could be added to tobacco cigarettes. The ABC News program Day One first released the list to the public on March 7, 1994.[1] It was submitted to the United States Department of Health and Human Services in April 1994.[2] [3] They are also listed in the documents that are part of the 1998 Tobacco Master Settlement Agreement.[4] It applies, as documented, only to American manufactured cigarettes intended for distribution within the United States by the listed companies. The five major tobacco companies that reported the information were:
One significant issue is that while all these chemical compounds have been approved as additives to food, they were not tested by burning. Burning changes the properties of chemicals. Burning creates additional toxic compounds, including carcinogens.[5] According to the U.S. National Cancer Institute: "Of the more than 7,000 chemicals in tobacco smoke, at least 250 are known to be harmful, including hydrogen cyanide, carbon monoxide, and ammonia. Among the 250 known harmful chemicals in tobacco smoke, at least 69 can cause cancer."[6] [7] [8] [9]
Although many of these additives are used in making cigarettes, each cigarette does not contain all of these additives. Some of these additives are found in cigarettes outside the USA too.[10]
Some American brands are sold in other nations. For example: Marlboro, L&M, Winston, Chesterfield, Kent, and Newport.[11] [12]
A
B
C
- Cadinene
- Caffeine
- Calcium carbonate
- Camphene
- Cananga oil
- Capsicum oleoresin
- Caramel color
- Caraway oil
- Carbon dioxide
- Cardamom oleoresin, extract, seed oil, and powder
- Carob bean and extract
- beta-Carotene
- Carrot oil
- Carvacrol
- 4-Carvomenthenol
- L-Carvone
- beta-Caryophyllene
- beta-Caryophyllene oxide
- Cascarilla oil and bark extract
- Cassia bark oil
- Cassie absolute and oil
- Castoreum extract, tincture and absolute
- Cedar leaf oil
- Cedarwood oil terpenes and virginiana
- Cedrol
- Celery Seed extract, solid, oil, And oleoresin
- Cellulose fiber
- Chamomile flower oil and extract
- Chicory extract
- Chocolate
- Cinnamaldehyde
- Cinnamic acid
- Cinnamon leaf oil, bark oil, and extract
- Cinnamyl acetate
- Cinnamyl alcohol
- Cinnamyl cinnamate
- Cinnamyl isovalerate
- Cinnamyl propionate
- Citral
- Citric acid
- Citronella oil
- dl-Citronellol
- Citronellyl butyrate
- Citronellyl isobutyrate
- Civet absolute
- Clary Oil
- Clover tops, red solid extract
- Cocoa
- Cocoa shells, extract, distillate and powder
- Coconut oil
- Coffee
- Cognac white and green oil
- Copaiba oil
- Coriander extract and oil
- Corn oil
- Corn silk
- Costus root oil
- Cubeb oil
- Cuminaldehyde
- para-Cymene
- L-Cysteine
D
- Dandelion root solid extract
- Davana oil
- 2-trans,4-trans-Decadienal
- delta-Decalactone
- gamma-Decalactone
- Decanal
- Decanoic acid
- 1-Decanol
- 2-Decenal
- Dehydromenthofurolactone
- Diacetyl
- Diammonium phosphate
- Diethyl malonate
- Diethyl sebacate
- 2,3-Diethylpyrazine
- Dihydro anethole
- 5,7-Dihydro-2-methylthieno(3,4-D) pyrimidine
- Dill seed oil and extract
- meta-Dimethoxybenzene
- para-Dimethoxybenzene
- 2,6-Dimethoxyphenol
- Dimethyl succinate
- 3,4-Dimethyl-1,2-cyclopentanedione
- 3,5-Dimethyl-1,2-cyclopentanedione
- 3,7-Dimethyl-1,3,6-octatriene
- 4,5-Dimethyl-3-hydroxy-2,5-dihydrofuran-2-one
- 6,10-Dimethyl-5,9-undecadien-2-one
- 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octenoic acid
- 2,4 Dimethylacetophenone
- alpha,para-Dimethylbenzyl alcohol
- alpha,alpha-Dimethylphenethyl acetate
- alpha,alpha-Dimethylphenethyl butyrate
- 2,3-Dimethylpyrazine
- 2,5-Dimethylpyrazine
- 2,6-Dimethylpyrazine
- Dimethyltetrahydrobenzofuranone
- delta-Dodecalactone
- gamma-Dodecalactone
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
R
S
T
- Tagetes oil
- Tannic acid
- Tartaric acid
- Tea leaf and absolute
- alpha-Terpineol
- Terpinolene
- Terpinyl acetate
- 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydroquinoxaline
- 1,5,5,9-Tetramethyl-13-oxatricyclo(8.3.0.0(4,9))tridecane
- 2,3,4,5- and 3,4,5,6-Tetramethylethyl-cyclohexanone
- 2,3,5,6-Tetramethylpyrazine
- Thiamine hydrochloride
- Thiazole
- L-Threonine
- Thyme oil, white and red
- Thymol
- Tobacco extracts
- Tocopherols (mixed)
- Tolu balsam gum and extract
- Tolualdehydes
- para-Tolyl 3-methylbutyrate
- para-Tolyl acetaldehyde
- para-Tolyl acetate
- para-Tolyl isobutyrate
- para-Tolyl phenylacetate
- Triacetin
- 2-Tridecanone
- 2-Tridecenal
- Triethyl citrate
- 3,5,5-Trimethyl-1-hexanol
- para,alpha,alpha-Trimethylbenzyl alcohol
- 4-(2,6,6-Trimethylcyclohex-1-enyl)but-2-en-4-one
- 2,6,6-Trimethylcyclohex-2-ene-1,4-dione
- 2,6,6-Trimethylcyclohexa-1,3-dienyl methanal
- 4-(2,6,6-Trimethylcyclohexa-1,3-dienyl)but-2-en-4-one
- 2,2,6-Trimethylcyclohexanone
- 2,3,5-Trimethylpyrazine
- L-Tyrosine
U
V
W
X
Y
See also
External links
- Making cigarettes. Philip Morris International. List of ingredients by market and brand. Scroll down to "Product ingredient finder". Pick country. Download ingredient list for that country. Open it, and scroll down for ingredients by brand.
Notes and References
- https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/settlement/timelines/fullindex.html Timelines - Full Chronology | Inside The Tobacco Deal
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2040350 Pharmacological and Chemical Effects of Cigarette Additives
- http://www.lung.org/stop-smoking/smoking-facts/whats-in-a-cigarette.html What's In a Cigarette?
- https://www.industrydocuments.ucsf.edu/docs/#id=xjyf0086 599 additives commonly used by major tobacco companies in their manufacture of cigarettes.
- https://www.fda.gov/tobacco-products/rules-regulations-and-guidance/harmful-and-potentially-harmful-constituents-tobacco-products-and-tobacco-smoke-established-list Harmful and Potentially Harmful Constituents in Tobacco Products and Tobacco Smoke: Established List
- https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/tobacco/cessation-fact-sheet Harms of Cigarette Smoking and Health Benefits of Quitting
- https://web.archive.org/web/20160121165220/http://www.tricountycessation.org/tobaccofacts/Cigarette-Ingredients.html Cigarette Ingredients - Chemicals in Cigarettes
- BAT December 12, 1986, Mutagenic Activity of Flavour Compounds. FN AQ2222, BN 400916808-400916815, cited in a health information web page published by BUPA
- https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/215420#1 What Chemicals Are In Cigarette Smoke?
- http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/causes-of-cancer/smoking-and-cancer/whats-in-a-cigarette What's in a cigarette?
- http://money.cnn.com/2015/05/27/news/companies/marlboro-brand-tobacco-cigarettes/index.html Marlboro's brand still one of world's best
- https://www.statista.com/statistics/399133/most-valuable-tobacco-brands-worldwide Most valuable tobacco brands worldwide in 2022