Chromosome 8 Explained

Length Bp:146,259,331
(CHM13)[1]
Genes:646 (CCDS)
Type:Autosome
Centromere Position:Submetacentric[2]
(45.2 Mbp[3])
Chr:8
Ensembl Id:8
Entrez Id:8
Ncbi Id:8
Ucsc Id:8
Refseq Id:NC_000008
Genbank Id:CM000670

Chromosome 8 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. People normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome 8 spans about 146 million base pairs (the building material of DNA) and represents between 4.5 and 5.0% of the total DNA in cells.

About 8% of its genes are involved in brain development and function, and about 16% are involved in cancer. A unique feature of 8p is a region of about 15 megabases that appears to have a high mutation rate. This region shows a significant divergence between human and chimpanzee, suggesting that its high mutation rates have contributed to the evolution of the human brain.[4]

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Genes

Number of genes

The following are some of the gene count estimates of human chromosome 8. Because researchers use different approaches to genome annotation their predictions of the number of genes on each chromosome varies (for technical details, see gene prediction). Among various projects, the collaborative consensus coding sequence project (CCDS) takes an extremely conservative strategy. So CCDS's gene number prediction represents a lower bound on the total number of human protein-coding genes.[5]

Estimated byProtein-coding genesNon-coding RNA genesPseudogenesSourceRelease date
646 — —[6] 2016-09-08
HGNC656 242 539[7] 2017-05-12
670 1,052 613[8] 2017-03-29
703 — —[9] 2018-02-28
719 848 682[10] [11] [12] 2017-05-19

Gene list

The following is a partial list of genes on human chromosome 8. For complete list, see the link in the infobox on the right.

Diseases and disorders

The following diseases and disorders are some of those related to genes on chromosome 8:

Cytogenetic band

G-bands of human chromosome 8 in resolution 850 bphs! Chr. ! Arm[16] ! Band[17] ! ISCN
start[18] ! ISCN
stop! Basepair
start ! Basepair
stop ! Stain[19] ! Density
8 p 23.3 0 115 gneg
8 p 23.2 115 331 gpos 75
8 p 23.1 331 690 gneg
8 p 22 690 992 gpos 100
8 p 21.3 992 1179 gneg
8 p 21.2 1179 1380 gpos 50
8 p 21.1 1380 1639 gneg
8 p 12 1639 1897 gpos 75
8 p 11.23 1897 2041 gneg
8 p11.22 2041 2156 gpos 25
8 p 11.21 2156 2343 gneg
8 p 11.1 2343 2472 acen
8 q 11.1 2472 2645 acen
8 q 11.21 2645 2817 gneg
8 q 11.22 2817 3033 gpos 75
8 q 11.23 3033 3277 gneg
8 q 12.1 3277 3493 gpos 50
8 q 12.2 3493 3622 gneg
8 q 12.3 3622 3809 gpos 50
8 q 13.1 3809 3938 gneg
8 q 13.2 3938 4096 gpos 50
8 q 13.3 4096 4312 gneg
8 q 21.11 4312 4545 gpos 100
8 q 21.12 4545 4628 gneg
8 q 21.13 4628 4858 gpos 75
8 q 21.2 4858 4959 gneg
8 q 21.3 4959 5289 gpos 100
8 q 22.1 5289 5577 gneg
8 q 22.2 5577 5692 gpos 25
8 q 22.3 5692 5922 gneg
8 q 23.1 5922 6152 gpos 75
8 q 23.2 6152 6267 gneg
8 q 23.3 6267 6611 gpos 100
8 q 24.11 6611 6726 gneg
8 q 24.12 6726 6942 gpos 50
8 q 24.13 6942 7244 gneg
8 q 24.21 7244 7431 gpos 50
8 q 24.22 7431 7661 gneg
8 q 24.23 7661 7804 gpos 75
8 q 24.3 7804 8250 gneg

References

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Homo sapiens isolate CHM13 chromosome 8 . 4 April 2022 . National Library of Medicine /accessdate=2023-01-13.
  2. Book: Tom Strachan. Andrew Read. Human Molecular Genetics. 2 April 2010. Garland Science. 978-1-136-84407-2. 45.
  3. Genome Decoration Page, NCBI. Ideogram data for Homo sapience (850 bphs, Assembly GRCh38.p3). Last update 2014-06-03. Retrieved 2017-04-26.
  4. Tabarés-Seisdedos R, Rubenstein JL . Chromosome 8p as a potential hub for developmental neuropsychiatric disorders: implications for schizophrenia, autism and cancer . Mol Psychiatry . 14. 6. 563–89. 2009 . 19204725 . 10.1038/mp.2009.2. Rubenstein . 11118479 . free .
  5. Pertea M, Salzberg SL. Between a chicken and a grape: estimating the number of human genes. . Genome Biol . 2010 . 11 . 5 . 206 . 20441615 . 10.1186/gb-2010-11-5-206 . 2898077 . free .
  6. Web site: Search results - 8[CHR] AND "Homo sapiens"[Organism] AND ("has ccds"[Properties] AND alive[prop]) - Gene . NCBI . CCDS Release 20 for Homo sapiens . 2016-09-08 . 2017-05-28.
  7. Web site: Statistics & Downloads for chromosome 8 . HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee . 2017-05-12 . 2017-05-19 . 2017-10-26 . https://web.archive.org/web/20171026081458/https://www.genenames.org/cgi-bin/statistics?c=8 . dead .
  8. Web site: Chromosome 8: Chromosome summary - Homo sapiens . Ensembl Release 88 . 2017-03-29 . 2017-05-19 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191203175911/http://mar2017.archive.ensembl.org/Homo_sapiens/Location/Chromosome%3Fr%3D8 . 2019-12-03 . dead .
  9. Web site: Human chromosome 8: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM . UniProt . 2018-02-28 . 2018-03-16.
  10. Web site: Search results - 8[CHR] AND "Homo sapiens"[Organism] AND ("genetype protein coding"[Properties] AND alive[prop]) - Gene . NCBI . 2017-05-19 . 2017-05-20.
  11. Web site: Search results - 8[CHR] AND "Homo sapiens"[Organism] AND (("genetype miscrna"[Properties] OR "genetype ncrna"[Properties] OR "genetype rrna"[Properties] OR "genetype trna"[Properties] OR "genetype scrna"[Properties] OR "genetype snrna"[Properties] OR "genetype snorna"[Properties]) NOT "genetype protein coding"[Properties] AND alive[prop]) - Gene . NCBI . 2017-05-19 . 2017-05-20.
  12. Web site: Search results - 8[CHR] AND "Homo sapiens"[Organism] AND ("genetype pseudo"[Properties] AND alive[prop]) - Gene . NCBI . 2017-05-19 . 2017-05-20.
  13. Blouin JL, Dombroski BA, Nath SK . Schizophrenia susceptibility loci on chromosomes 13q32 and 8p21 . . 20 . 1 . 70–3 . September 1998 . 9731535 . 10.1038/1734 . 52804924 . etal .
  14. Gurling HM, Kalsi G, Brynjolfson J . Genomewide genetic linkage analysis confirms the presence of susceptibility loci for schizophrenia, on chromosomes 1q32.2, 5q33.2, and 8p21-22 and provides support for linkage to schizophrenia, on chromosomes 11q23.3-24 and 20q12.1-11.23 . . 68 . 3 . 661–73 . March 2001 . 11179014 . 1274479 . 10.1086/318788 . etal .
  15. Suarez BK, Duan J, Sanders AR . Genomewide linkage scan of 409 European-ancestry and African American families with schizophrenia: suggestive evidence of linkage at 8p23.3-p21.2 and 11p13.1-q14.1 in the combined sample . . 78 . 2 . 315–33 . February 2006 . 16400611 . 1380238 . 10.1086/500272 . etal .
  16. "p": Short arm; "q": Long arm.
  17. For cytogenetic banding nomenclature, see article locus.
  18. These values (ISCN start/stop) are based on the length of bands/ideograms from the ISCN book, An International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (2013). Arbitrary unit.
  19. gpos: Region which is positively stained by G banding, generally AT-rich and gene poor; gneg: Region which is negatively stained by G banding, generally CG-rich and gene rich; acen Centromere. var: Variable region; stalk: Stalk.

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