Cerebral vasodilator explained

Use:	To treat cerebrovascular insufficiency
Mode Of Action:	Increase blood flow to the brain

A cerebral vasodilator is a drug which acts as a vasodilator in the brain.^{[1] [2]} They are used to improve blood flow in people with cerebrovascular insufficiency and to treat neurological disorders secondary to this condition. A number of different cerebral vasodilators exist.^[3] An example is ifenprodil, which has been marketed for use as a cerebral vasodilator in France, Hong Kong, and Japan.^{[4] [5] [6]} Other examples include buphenine (nylidrin), isoxsuprine, oxyfedrine, suloctidil, and tinofedrine.^[7]

Similar drugs include cerebral activators, or cerebral metabolism activators, like bifemelane, indeloxazine, and teniloxazine, which are also used to treat cerebrovascular disease.^{[8] [9] [10] [11]}

See also

• Nootropic

Notes and References

1. Toda N, Okamura T . Cerebral vasodilators . Jpn J Pharmacol . 76 . 4 . 349–367 . April 1998 . 9623714 . 10.1254/jjp.76.349 . free .
2. Cook P, James I . Drug therapy: cerebral vasodilators (first of two parts) . N Engl J Med . 305 . 25 . 1508–1513 . December 1981 . 7029283 . 10.1056/NEJM198112173052505 .
3. Yesavage JA, Tinklenberg JR, Hollister LE, Berger PA . Vasodilators in senile dementias: a review of the literature . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 36 . 2 . 220–223 . February 1979 . 420543 . 10.1001/archpsyc.1979.01780020110012 .
4. Egunlusi AO, Joubert J . NMDA Receptor Antagonists: Emerging Insights into Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Applications in Neurological Disorders . Pharmaceuticals (Basel) . 17 . 5 . May 2024 . 639 . 38794209 . 11124131 . 10.3390/ph17050639 . free .
5. Tadano T, Yonezawa A, Oyama K, Kisara K, Arai Y, Togashi M, Kinemuchi H . Effects of transient global ischemia and a monoamine oxidase inhibitor ifenprodil on rat brain monoamine metabolism . Prog Brain Res . 106 . 173–80 . 1995 . 8584652 . 10.1016/s0079-6123(08)61213-3 .
6. Book: Schweizerischer Apotheker-Verein . Index Nominum: International Drug Directory . Medpharm Scientific Publishers . 2004 . 978-3-88763-101-7 . 2 September 2024 . 625.
7. Book: Braestrup, C. . Psychotropic Agents: Part II: Anxiolytics, Gerontopsychopharmacological Agents, and Psychomotor Stimulants . Springer Berlin Heidelberg . Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology . 2012 . 978-3-642-67767-0 . 17 October 2024 . 419–420.
8. Fisman M . Clinical pharmacology of senile dementia . Prog Neuropsychopharmacol . 5 . 5–6 . 447–457 . 1981 . 6122228 . 10.1016/0364-7722(81)90026-6 .
9. Yamamoto. M. Kawabata. S. Shimizu. M. Pharmacological effects of indeloxazine, a new cerebral activator, on brain functions distinct from other cerebral metabolic enhancers. Neuropharmacology. 28. 12. 1989. 1291–1297. 0028-3908. 10.1016/0028-3908(89)90001-4. 2615913. 10028363.
10. Takahashi. Koichiro. Yamamoto. Minoru. Suzuki. Masanori. Ozawa. Yukiko. Yamaguchi. Takashi. Andoh. Hirofumi. Ishikawa. Kouichi. Effects of cerebral metabolic enhancers on brain function in rodents. Current Therapeutic Research. 56. 5. 1995. 478–485. 0011-393X. 10.1016/0011-393X(95)85080-5.
11. van Reekum R, Black SE, Conn D, Clarke D . Cognition-enhancing drugs in dementia: a guide to the near future . Can J Psychiatry . 42 . 35S–50S . 1997 . Suppl 1 . 9220128 .