Cardiocrinum Explained

Cardiocrinum is a genus of bulbous plants of the lily family first described in 1846. They are native to the Himalaya, China, the Russian Far East, and Japan.^[1] The bulbs are usually formed at the soil surface. The preferred habitat is woodland. The plants tend to be monocarpic, dying after flowering.

Description

Cardiocrinum is a genus of monocarpic perennial herbs.

Taxonomy

Cardiocrinum was originally described by Endlicher in 1836 as one of five sections of Lilium, to which it is closely related. Later authors considered it a separate genus. The common name is giant lilies. They differ from Lilium in some characteristics, most notably in the heart shaped leaves. The genus name alludes to these leaves, from the Greek kardia, heart, and krinon, lily.

The Himalayan species Cardiocrinum giganteum is the largest of any of the lily plants, growing up to 3.5 metres high.

Species

The genus Cardiocrinum is endemic to East Asia and has three species, two of which occur in China.

Image	Scientific name	Distribution
	Cardiocrinum cathayanum (E.H.Wilson) Stearn	E + C China
	Cardiocrinum cordatum (Thunb.) Makino	Japan, Kuril Islands, Sakhalin
	Cardiocrinum giganteum (Wall.) Makino	Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Tibet, Yunnan, Bhutan, Assam, Myanmar, Nepal, Sikkim

Bibliography

Books

• Book: Bolt . Philip . The Genus Cardiocrinum: its identification and cultivation . 2018 . Redhall Garden.
• Book: Endlicher, Stephanus . Stephan Ladislaus Endlicher. Genera plantarum secundum ordines naturales disposita . 1836 . Fredericum Beck . Vienna. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/564680#page/208/mode/1up. Lilium (Cardiocrinum). 141. latin.

Articles

• Chen . Hong-Na . Zhao . Chun-Hai . Liu . Xiao-Rui . Liu . Jia-Xi . Pollen development of Cardiocrinum giganteum (Wall.) Makina in China . . 16 June 2012 . 298 . 8 . 1557–1565 . 10.1007/s00606-012-0658-9. 43558355 . 2012PSyEv.298.1557C . 13347067 . .
• Book: Hyam . R. . Pankhurst . R.J. . 1995 . Plants and their names: a concise dictionary . Oxford . . 978-0-19-866189-4 . amp . 89.
• Lu . Rui-Sen . Li . Pan . Qiu . Ying-Xiong . The Complete Chloroplast Genomes of Three Cardiocrinum (Liliaceae) Species: Comparative Genomic and Phylogenetic Analyses . . 10 January 2017 . 7 . 2054 . 10.3389/fpls.2016.02054. 28119727 . 5222849 . . free .
• Ohara . Masashi . Narumi . Tadashi . Yoshizane . Tomoko . Okayasu . Tarou . Masuda . Junzo . Kawano . Shoichi . 7: Cardiocrinum cordatum (Thunb.) Makino (Liliaceae) . Plant Species Biology . December 2006 . 21 . 3 . 201–207 . 10.1111/j.1442-1984.2006.00166.x. .
• Veli-Pekka. Pelkonen. Anna-Maria. Pirttilä. 2012. Taxonomy and Phylogeny of the Genus Lilium. Floriculture and Ornamental Biotechnology. 6 (Special Issue 2). 1–8.
• Yang . Li-Qin . Hu . Hao-Yu . Xie . Chuan . Lai . Shan-Pan . Yang . Mei . He . Xing-Jin . Zhou . Song-Dong . Molecular phylogeny, biogeography and ecological niche modelling of Cardiocrinum(Liliaceae): insights into the evolutionary history of endemic genera distributed across the Sino-Japanese floristic region . . January 2017 . 119 . 1 . 59–72 . 10.1093/aob/mcw210. 27941092 . 5218382 . free .

Websites

• Web site: Lilium unranked Cardiocrinum Endl.. Tropicos. Missouri Botanical Garden. 10 September 2019. 2019. .
• Web site: Cardiocrinum (Endl.) Lindl.. eMonocot. 10 September 2019. 2014. .
• Web site: Cardiocrinum . Encyclopedia of Life. 10 September 2019.
• Web site: WCSP. World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Cardiocrinum (Endl.) Lindl., Veg. Kingd., ed. 2: 205 (1847). World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 10 September 2019. .
• Web site: IPNI. International Plant Names Index. Cardiocrinum . 1. International Plant Names Index. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 10 September 2019. 2005.

Notes and References

1. http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=105621 Flora of China Vol. 24 Page 134 大百合属 da bai he shu Cardiocrinum (Endlicher) Lindley, Veg. Kingd. 205. 1846.