Carbonyl reductase (NADPH) explained

carbonyl reductase (NADPH)
Ec Number:	1.1.1.184
Cas Number:	89700-36-7
Go Code:	0004090
Width:	270

In enzymology, a carbonyl reductase (NADPH) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

R-CO-R' + NADPH + H⁺

\rightleftharpoons :R-CHOH-R' + NADP⁺

Thus, the two products of this enzyme are R-CHOH-R' and NADP⁺, whereas its 3 substrates are R-CO-R', NADPH, and H⁺.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with NAD⁺ or NADP⁺ as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is secondary-alcohol:NADP⁺ oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include aldehyde reductase 1, prostaglandin 9-ketoreductase, xenobiotic ketone reductase, NADPH-dependent carbonyl reductase, ALR3, carbonyl reductase, nonspecific NADPH-dependent carbonyl reductase, aldehyde reductase 1, and carbonyl reductase (NADPH). This enzyme participates in arachidonic acid metabolism, and has recently been shown to catabolize S-Nitrosoglutathione, as a means to degrade NO in an NADPH-dependent manner.

Structural studies

As of late 2007, 4 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes,,, and .

References

• Ahmed NK, Felsted RL, Bachur NR . 1978 . Heterogeneity of anthracycline antibiotic carbonyl reductases in mammalian livers . Biochem. Pharmacol. . 27 . 2713 - 9 . 31888 . 10.1016/0006-2952(78)90047-3 . 23 .
• Lin YM, Jarabak J . 1978 . Isolation of two proteins with 9-ketoprostaglandin reductase and NADP-linked 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase activities and studies on their inhibition . Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. . 81 . 1227 - 34 . 666816 . 10.1016/0006-291X(78)91267-6 . 4 .
• Wermuth B . 1981 . Purification and properties of an NADPH-dependent carbonyl reductase from human brain. Relationship to prostaglandin 9-ketoreductase and xenobiotic ketone reductase . J. Biol. Chem. . 256 . 1206 - 13 . 7005231 . 3 .